Peta dalam JavaScript ialah koleksi pasangan nilai kunci yang mana kunci boleh terdiri daripada sebarang jenis. Ia mengekalkan susunan sisipan, bermakna item itu diulang mengikut susunan ia ditambahkan.
Ciri-ciri Utama Peta;
let funnyMap = new Map();
funnyMap.set('a', 1); // string key funnyMap.set(2, 'two'); // number key funnyMap.set(true, 'yes'); // boolean key funnyMap.set({name: 'obj'}, 'object'); // object key // Funny example funnyMap.set('knock-knock', 'who’s there?');
console.log(funnyMap.get('a')); // 1 console.log(funnyMap.get(2)); // two console.log(funnyMap.get(true)); // yes // Funny example console.log(funnyMap.get('knock-knock')); // who’s there?
console.log(funnyMap.has('a')); // true console.log(funnyMap.has(42)); // false // Funny example console.log(funnyMap.has('chicken')); // false (It crossed the road)
funnyMap.delete('a'); console.log(funnyMap.has('a')); // false // Funny example funnyMap.delete('knock-knock'); console.log(funnyMap.get('knock-knock')); // undefined (No one answered)
console.log(funnyMap.size); // 3 after deletion // Funny example console.log(`The map has ${funnyMap.size} jokes left.`);
funnyMap.clear(); console.log(funnyMap.size); // 0 // Funny example console.log(`All jokes are cleared from the map.`);
Menggunakan untuk...daripada
funnyMap.set('banana', 'yellow'); funnyMap.set('apple', 'red'); funnyMap.set('grape', 'purple'); // Iterating over keys for (let key of funnyMap.keys()) { console.log(`Key: ${key}`); } // Iterating over values for (let value of funnyMap.values()) { console.log(`Value: ${value}`); } // Iterating over entries for (let [key, value] of funnyMap.entries()) { console.log(`Key: ${key}, Value: ${value}`); } // Funny example funnyMap.set('dad joke', 'What do you call fake spaghetti? An impasta!'); for (let [key, value] of funnyMap.entries()) { console.log(`Here’s a ${key}: ${value}`); }
funnyMap.forEach((value, key) => { console.log(`Key: ${key}, Value: ${value}`); }); // Funny example funnyMap.set('bad pun', 'I’m reading a book on anti-gravity. It’s impossible to put down!'); funnyMap.forEach((value, key) => { console.log(`Here’s a ${key}: ${value}`); });
Bayangkan anda ingin mengira berapa kali perkataan tertentu muncul dalam koleksi jenaka:
let jokeText = "Why did the scarecrow win an award? Because he was outstanding in his field!"; // Splitting text into words let words = jokeText.split(/\W+/); let wordCount = new Map(); words.forEach(word => { word = word.toLowerCase(); if (wordCount.has(word)) { wordCount.set(word, wordCount.get(word) + 1); } else { wordCount.set(word, 1); } }); wordCount.forEach((count, word) => { console.log(`Word: ${word}, Count: ${count}`); }); // Funny example console.log('Word counts in our joke:'); wordCount.forEach((count, word) => { console.log(`"${word}": ${count} times`); });
Peta dalam JavaScript ialah struktur data serba boleh yang boleh menyimpan pasangan nilai kunci bagi sebarang jenis data, menyediakan kaedah lelaran yang mudah dan mengekalkan susunan elemen. Ia berguna untuk senario di mana anda memerlukan pengurusan kunci yang lebih fleksibel daripada objek biasa, seperti mengira perkataan dalam jenaka atau menyimpan respons kepada pelbagai teka-teki.
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