Kursus ranap PHP: Galeri Imej Mudah-tutorial php-php.cn

Kursus ranap PHP: Galeri Imej Mudah

王林

Lepaskan： 2024-08-05 22:08:02

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PHP crash course: Simple Image Gallery

Galeri imej berfungsi sepenuhnya dengan keupayaan muat naik menggunakan PHP, HTML, jQuery, AJAX, JSON, Bootstrap, CSS dan MySQL. Projek ini termasuk penyelesaian langkah demi langkah terperinci dengan penjelasan kod dan dokumentasi, menjadikannya tutorial komprehensif untuk pembelajaran.

Topik: php, mysql, blog, ajax, bootstrap, jquery, css, galeri imej, muat naik fail

Penyelesaian Langkah demi Langkah

1. Struktur Direktori

simple-image-gallery/
│
├── index.html
├── db/
│   └── database.sql
├── src/
│   ├── fetch-image.php
│   └── upload.php
├── include/
│   ├── config.sample.php
│   └── db.php
├── assets/
│   ├── css/
│   │   └── style.css
│   ├── js/
│   │   └── script.js
│   └── uploads/
│   │   └── (uploaded images will be stored here)
├── README.md
└── .gitignore

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2. Skema Pangkalan Data

db/database.sql:

CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `images` (
    `id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
    `file_name` varchar(255) NOT NULL,
    `uploaded_on` datetime NOT NULL,
    PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;

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3. Fail Konfigurasi

Tetapan konfigurasi (include/config.sample.php)

<?php
define('DB_HOST', 'localhost'); // Database host
define('DB_NAME', 'image_gallery'); // Database name
define('DB_USER', 'root'); // Change if necessary
define('DB_PASS', ''); // Change if necessary
define('UPLOAD_DIRECTORY', '/assets/uploads/'); // Change if necessary
?>

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4. Konfigurasikan Sambungan Pangkalan Data

Mewujudkan sambungan pangkalan data (termasuk/db.php)

<?php
include 'config.php';

// Database configuration
$dsn = 'mysql:host='.DB_HOST.';dbname='.DB_NAME;
$options = [
    PDO::ATTR_ERRMODE => PDO::ERRMODE_EXCEPTION,
    PDO::ATTR_DEFAULT_FETCH_MODE => PDO::FETCH_ASSOC,
];

// Create a new PDO instance
try {
    $pdo = new PDO($dsn, DB_USER, DB_PASS, $options);
    $pdo->setAttribute(PDO::ATTR_ERRMODE, PDO::ERRMODE_EXCEPTION); // Set error mode to exception
} catch (PDOException $e) {
    echo 'Connection failed: ' . $e->getMessage(); // Display error message if connection fails
}
?>

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5. Struktur HTML dan PHP

Struktur HTML (index.html)

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
    <title>Image Gallery Upload</title>
    <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://stackpath.bootstrapcdn.com/bootstrap/4.5.2/css/bootstrap.min.css">
    <link rel="stylesheet" href="assets/css/styles.css">
</head>
<body>
<div class="container">
    <h1 class="text-center mt-5">Image Gallery</h1>
    <div class="row">
        <div class="col-md-6 offset-md-3">
            <form id="uploadImage" enctype="multipart/form-data">
                <div class="form-group">
                    <label for="image">Choose Image</label>
                    <input type="file" name="image" id="image" class="form-control" required>
                </div>
                <button type="submit" class="btn btn-primary">Upload</button>
            </form>
            <div id="upload-status"></div>
        </div>
    </div>
    <hr>
    <div class="row" id="gallery">
        <!-- Images will be loaded here -->
    </div>
</div>
<script src="https://code.jquery.com/jquery-3.5.1.min.js"></script>
<script src="assets/js/script.js"></script> <!-- Custom JS -->
</body>
</html>

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6. JavaScript dan AJAX

Pengendalian AJAX (aset/js/script.js)

$(document).ready(function(){
    // load gallery on page load
    loadGallery();

    // Form submission for image upload
    $('#uploadImage').on('submit', function(e){
        e.preventDefault(); // Prevent default form submission
        var file_data = $('#image').prop('files')[0];
        var form_data = new FormData();
        form_data.append('file', file_data);
        //hide upload section
        $('#uploadImage').hide();
        $.ajax({
            url: 'src/upload.php', // PHP script to process upload
            type: 'POST',
            dataType: 'text', // what to expect back from the server
            cache: false,
            data: new FormData(this), // Form data for upload
            processData: false,
            contentType: false,
            success: function(response){
                let jsonData = JSON.parse(response);
                if(jsonData.status == 1){
                    $('#image').val(''); // Clear the file input
                    loadGallery(); // Fetch and display updated images
                    $('#upload-status').html('<div class="alert alert-success">'+jsonData.message+'</div>');
                } else {
                    $('#upload-status').html('<div class="alert alert-success">'+jsonData.message+'</div>'); // Display error message
                }
                // hide message box
                autoHide('#upload-status');
                //show upload section
                autoShow('#uploadImage');
            }
        });
    });
});

// Function to load the gallery from server
function loadGallery() {
    $.ajax({
        url: 'src/fetch-images.php', // PHP script to fetch images
        type: 'GET',
        success: function(response){
            let jsonData = JSON.parse(response);
            $('#gallery').html(''); // Clear previous images
            if(jsonData.status == 1){
                $.each(jsonData.data, function(index, image){
                    $('#gallery').append('<div class="col-md-3"><img src="assets/uploads/'+image.file_name+'" class="img-responsive img-thumbnail"></div>'); // Display each image
                });
            } else {
                $('#gallery').html('<p>No images found...</p>'); // No images found message
            }
        }
    });
}

//Auto Hide Div
function autoHide(idORClass) {
    setTimeout(function () {
        $(idORClass).fadeOut('fast');
    }, 1000);
}

//Auto Show Element
function autoShow(idORClass) {
    setTimeout(function () {
        $(idORClass).fadeIn('fast');
    }, 1000);
}

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7. Skrip PHP Bahagian Belakang

Mengambil Imej (src/fetch-images.php)

<?php
include '../include/db.php'; // Include database configuration

$response = array('status' => 0, 'message' => 'No images found.');

// Fetching images from the database
$query = $pdo->prepare("SELECT * FROM images ORDER BY uploaded_on DESC");
$query->execute();
$images = $query->fetchAll(PDO::FETCH_ASSOC);

if(count($images) > 0){
    $response['status'] = 1;
    $response['data'] = $images; // Returning images data
}

// Return response
echo json_encode($response);
?>
?>

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Muat Naik Imej (src/upload.php)

<?php
include '../include/db.php'; // Include database configuration
$response = array('status' => 0, 'message' => 'Form submission failed, please try again.');

if(isset($_FILES['image']['name'])){
    // Directory where files will be uploaded
    $targetDir = UPLOAD_DIRECTORY;
    $fileName = date('Ymd').'-'.str_replace(' ', '-', basename($_FILES['image']['name']));
    $targetFilePath = $targetDir . $fileName;
    $fileType = pathinfo($targetFilePath, PATHINFO_EXTENSION);

    // Allowed file types
    $allowTypes = array('jpg','png','jpeg','gif');
    if(in_array($fileType, $allowTypes)){
        // Upload file to server
        if(move_uploaded_file($_FILES['image']['tmp_name'], $targetFilePath)){
            // Insert file name into database
            $insert = $pdo->prepare("INSERT INTO images (file_name, uploaded_on) VALUES (:file_name, NOW())");
            $insert->bindParam(':file_name', $fileName);
            $insert->execute();
            if($insert){
                $response['status'] = 1;
                $response['message'] = 'Image uploaded successfully!';
            }else{
                $response['message'] = 'Image upload failed, please try again.';
            }
        }else{
            $response['message'] = 'Sorry, there was an error uploading your file.';
        }
    }else{
        $response['message'] = 'Sorry, only JPG, JPEG, PNG, & GIF files are allowed to upload.';
    }
}

// Return response
echo json_encode($response);
?>

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6. Penggayaan CSS

Penggayaan CSS (aset/css/style.css)

body {
    background-color: #f8f9fa;
}

#gallery .col-md-4 {
    margin-bottom: 20px;
}

#gallery img {
    display: block;
    width: 200px;
    height: auto;
    margin: 10px;
}

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Dokumentasi dan Komen

config.php: Mengandungi konfigurasi pangkalan data dan menyambung ke MySQL menggunakan PDO.
index.php: Halaman utama dengan struktur HTML, termasuk Bootstrap untuk penggayaan dan modal untuk menambah/mengedit siaran.
assets/js/script.js: Mengendalikan permintaan AJAX untuk memuatkan dan menyimpan siaran. Menggunakan jQuery untuk manipulasi DOM dan AJAX.
src/fetch-images.php: Mengambil siaran daripada pangkalan data dan mengembalikannya sebagai JSON.
src/upload.php: Mengendalikan pembuatan dan pengemaskinian siaran berdasarkan kehadiran ID.

Penyelesaian ini termasuk menyediakan projek, konfigurasi pangkalan data, struktur HTML, penggayaan dengan CSS, mengendalikan muat naik imej dengan AJAX dan menyimpan data imej dalam pangkalan data menggunakan PHP PDO. Setiap baris kod diulas untuk menerangkan tujuan dan fungsinya, menjadikannya tutorial komprehensif untuk membina galeri imej dengan fungsi muat naik.

Menyambung Pautan

Jika anda mendapati siri ini membantu, sila pertimbangkan untuk memberi repositori bintang di GitHub atau berkongsi siaran pada rangkaian sosial kegemaran anda ?. Sokongan anda amat bermakna bagi saya!

Jika anda mahukan kandungan yang lebih berguna seperti ini, sila ikuti saya: