Isu:
Ralat berlaku apabila cuba menghantar e-mel menggunakan Java disebabkan sambungan masalah dengan localhost SMTP pelayan.
Soalan:
Bolehkah kod yang disediakan digunakan untuk menghantar e-mel?
Jawapan:
Kod yang disediakan untuk menghantar e-mel menggunakan Java, yang menggunakan tetapan lalai untuk pelayan mel, mungkin tidak berfungsi dalam semua kes. Khususnya, pelayan SMTP localhost tidak mungkin berfungsi secara lalai.
Penyelesaian:
Untuk menghantar e-mel dengan pasti menggunakan Java, pertimbangkan untuk menggunakan pelayan SMTP pihak ketiga seperti sebagai Google Mail. Berikut ialah coretan kod yang menunjukkan cara menghantar e-mel melalui pelayan SMTP Google menggunakan API dan pengesahan oAuth2 mereka:
import com.google.api.client.auth.oauth2.Credential; import com.google.api.client.extensions.jetty.auth.oauth2.LocalServerReceiver; import com.google.api.client.googleapis.auth.oauth2.GoogleAuthorizationCodeFlow; import com.google.api.client.googleapis.auth.oauth2.GoogleClientSecrets; import com.google.api.client.googleapis.javanet.GoogleNetHttpTransport; import com.google.api.client.http.HttpTransport; import com.google.api.client.json.gson.GsonFactory; import com.google.api.client.util.store.FileDataStoreFactory; import com.google.api.services.gmail.Gmail; import com.google.api.services.gmail.model.Message; import java.io.File; import java.io.IOException; import java.nio.file.Files; import java.nio.file.Paths; import java.security.GeneralSecurityException; import java.util.HashSet; import java.util.Properties; import java.util.Set; import javax.mail.MessagingException; import javax.mail.Session; import javax.mail.internet.InternetAddress; import javax.mail.internet.MimeMessage; public class GoogleMail { private static final GsonFactory JSON_FACTORY = GsonFactory.getDefaultInstance(); private static final HttpTransport HTTP_TRANSPORT; private static final File DATA_STORE_DIRECTORY = getGmailDataDirectory(); static { try { HTTP_TRANSPORT = GoogleNetHttpTransport.newTrustedTransport(); } catch (GeneralSecurityException | IOException e) { throw new RuntimeException(e); } } private static Gmail getGmailService(Credential credential) throws IOException { return new Gmail.Builder(HTTP_TRANSPORT, JSON_FACTORY, credential).setApplicationName("My Gmail App").build(); } private static File getGmailDataDirectory() { return new File(org.yccheok.jstock.gui.Utils.getUserDataDirectory() + "authentication" + File.separator + "gmail"); } public static void sendEmail(String to, String subject, String message) throws MessagingException, IOException { // Get the email account from saved credentials String email = loadEmail(DATA_STORE_DIRECTORY); if (email == null) { // If no credentials saved, request user authorization Pair<Pair<Credential, String>, Boolean> credentials = authorizeGmail(); if (!credentials.second) { throw new RuntimeException("Failed to get credentials from user"); } email = credentials.first.second; // Save the email address for future use saveEmail(DATA_STORE_DIRECTORY, email); } // Create a MIME message Properties props = new Properties(); Session session = Session.getDefaultInstance(props, null); MimeMessage emailMessage = new MimeMessage(session); // Set the sender's email address InternetAddress sender = new InternetAddress(email); emailMessage.setFrom(sender); // Set the recipient's email address InternetAddress recipient = new InternetAddress(to); emailMessage.addRecipient(Message.RecipientType.TO, recipient); // Set the subject and the message body emailMessage.setSubject(subject); emailMessage.setText(message); // Get the authorized credentials Credential credential = credentialsPair.first.first; // Create a Gmail service object Gmail gmailService = getGmailService(credential); // Create a message object and send the email Message messageObject = createMessageWithEmail(emailMessage); gmailService.users().messages().send("me", messageObject).execute(); } private static Message createMessageWithEmail(MimeMessage emailMessage) throws MessagingException, IOException { ByteArrayOutputStream baos = new ByteArrayOutputStream(); emailMessage.writeTo(baos); String encodedEmail = Base64.encodeBase64URLSafeString(baos.toByteArray()); return new Message().setRaw(encodedEmail); } private static Pair<Pair<Credential, String>, Boolean> authorizeGmail() throws IOException { // Load client secrets from a resource file GoogleClientSecrets clientSecrets = GoogleClientSecrets.load(JSON_FACTORY, new InputStreamReader(GoogleMail.class.getResourceAsStream("/client_secrets.json"))); // Define the OAuth 2.0 scopes to request Set<String> scopes = new HashSet<>(); scopes.add(GmailScopes.GMAIL_SEND); // Build the Google Authorization Code Flow object GoogleAuthorizationCodeFlow flow = new GoogleAuthorizationCodeFlow.Builder( HTTP_TRANSPORT, JSON_FACTORY, clientSecrets, scopes) .setDataStoreFactory(new FileDataStoreFactory(DATA_STORE_DIRECTORY)) .build(); // Request the user's authorization return new MyAuthorizationCodeInstalledApp(flow, new LocalServerReceiver()).authorize("user"); } } // Call the sendEmail method to send the email GoogleMail.sendEmail("recipient@example.com", "Subject", "Message");
Nota Tambahan:
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