Menggunakan pengagregatan SUM untuk menyertai jadual dalam MySQL: menyelesaikan masalah merentas produk
Menggabungkan dua pertanyaan menggunakan fungsi agregat SUM selalunya memberikan cabaran dalam MySQL. Hasil silang antara jadual boleh menyebabkan nilai SUM yang salah. Untuk menyelesaikan masalah ini, fungsi SUM perlu dirangkumkan ke dalam subkueri.
Pertimbangkan contoh berikut di mana dua pertanyaan mendapatkan semula SUM(masa_pandu) dan SUM(tm_hours) masing-masing untuk tarikh tertentu dan ID guru sebanyak 5:
Pertanyaan 1:
<code class="language-sql">SELECT last_name, first_name, DATE_FORMAT(mil_date, '%m/%d/%y') AS dates, SUM(drive_time) MINUTES FROM bhds_mileage LEFT JOIN bhds_teachers i ON i.ds_id = bhds_mileage.ds_id WHERE mil_date BETWEEN '2016-04-11' AND '2016-04-30' AND bhds_mileage.ds_id = 5 GROUP BY CONCAT(YEAR(mil_date), '/', WEEK(mil_date)), bhds_mileage.ds_id ORDER BY last_name ASC, dates ASC</code>
Pertanyaan 2:
<code class="language-sql">SELECT last_name, first_name, DATE_FORMAT(tm_date, '%m/%d/%y') AS dates, SUM(tm_hours) total FROM bhds_timecard LEFT JOIN bhds_teachers i ON i.ds_id = bhds_timecard.ds_id WHERE tm_date BETWEEN '2016-04-11' AND '2016-04-30' AND bhds_timecard.ds_id = 5 GROUP BY CONCAT(YEAR(tm_date), '/', WEEK(tm_date)), bhds_timecard.ds_id ORDER BY last_name ASC, dates ASC</code>
Percubaan sambungan mudah:
Untuk menggabungkan pertanyaan ini, cara mudah ialah menggabungkannya seperti berikut:
<code class="language-sql">SELECT last_name, first_name, DATE_FORMAT(tm_date, '%m/%d/%y') AS dates, SUM(tm_hours) total, SUM(drive_time) MINUTES FROM bhds_timecard LEFT JOIN bhds_teachers i ON i.ds_id = bhds_timecard.ds_id LEFT JOIN bhds_mileage ON DATE_FORMAT(bhds_timecard.tm_date, '%m/%d/%y') = DATE_FORMAT(bhds_mileage.mil_date, '%m/%d/%y') AND bhds_timecard.ds_id = bhds_mileage.ds_id WHERE tm_date BETWEEN '2016-04-11' AND '2016-04-30' AND bhds_timecard.ds_id = 5 GROUP BY CONCAT(YEAR(tm_date), '/', WEEK(tm_date)), bhds_timecard.ds_id </code>
Walau bagaimanapun, pendekatan ini mencipta produk silang antara jadual, mengakibatkan nilai SUM yang salah.
Penyelesaian:
Untuk mendapatkan nilai SUM yang betul, alihkan fungsi agregat SUM ke dalam subkueri. Ini menghalang masalah silang produk dan memastikan bahawa nilai SUM hanya dikira dalam baris yang berkaitan:
<code class="language-sql">SELECT last_name, first_name, DATE_FORMAT(LEAST(mil_date, tm_date), '%m/%d/%y') AS dates, total, minutes FROM bhds_teachers AS i LEFT JOIN ( SELECT ds_id, YEARWEEK(mil_date) AS week, MIN(mil_date) AS mil_date, SUM(drive_time) AS minutes FROM bhds_mileage WHERE mil_date BETWEEN '2016-04-11' AND '2016-04-30' AND bhds_mileage.ds_id = 5 GROUP BY ds_id, week ) AS m ON m.ds_id = i.ds_id LEFT JOIN ( SELECT ds_id, YEARWEEK(tm_date) AS week, MIN(tm_date) AS tm_date, SUM(tm_hours) AS total FROM bhds_timecard WHERE tm_date BETWEEN '2016-04-11' AND '2016-04-30' AND bhds_timecard.ds_id = 5 GROUP BY ds_id, week ) AS t ON t.ds_id = i.ds_id AND t.week = m.week </code>
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