接触前端（好大气的名字啊）已经一个多月了，看了很多视频和博客，有了一定的感性认识，但还是需要总结一下以便系统化所学习的知识，就从html标签开始吧。关于标签，谈论最多的就是简洁和语义化。简洁指html标签仅仅负责把页面中的内容进行正确标示即可，而对内容的表现形式则统统交由css负责。语义化本不应成为问题，因为就像人与人之间的交流需要有意义的语言一样，html文档作为人与浏览器交流的语言自然是有意义的，但这并不能使所有人都遵循（类似于有了普通话，但各地方言依然流行，因为有时都可以达到一样的目的，所以人们总是按其最习惯的方式来进行）。简洁的问题到css是在进行总结，现在先谈谈语义化的问题。
w3school中共有117个标签，其中html5有16个不支持，29个新标签，以及从以前延续下来的72个标签。
今天先大致分类（按照我对其语义的理解）一下这72个“旧”标签吧，在此基础上以后分步进行语义辨析：
4个框架标签：,,,
1 <!DOCTYPE>2 <html>3 <head>4 <title>标题</title>5 </head>6 <body>7 内容。。。8 </body>9 </html>
Salin selepas log masuk
这里面的
标签是必须出现在<head>标签内的，但并不属于我所说的第一部分。</p> 4个只能（但并不必须）或必须在<head></head>标签之内出现的标签：<title>,<meta>,<base>,<link> <p class="sycode"> <div class="code" style="position:relative; padding:0px; margin:0px;"><pre class='brush:php;toolbar:false;'>1 <head>2 <title>标题</title>3 <meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8">4 <base href="#" />5 <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="#" />6 </head></pre><div class="contentsignin">Salin selepas log masuk</div></div> </p> 22个与文本有关的标签：<abbr>,<b>,<bdo>,<blockquote>,<cite>,<code>,<dfn>,<del>,<em>,<h1>-<h6>,<i>,<ins>,<p>,<div class="code" style="position:relative; padding:0px; margin:0px;"><pre class="brush:php;toolbar:false">,<q>,<small>,<smap><sub>,<sup>,<span>,<strong>,<var>,这么多标签与文本有关也传递出一个信息，那就是文本内容才是网页中最重要的部分。 10个与表格有关的标签：<caption>,<col>,<colgroup>,<table>,<th>,<tr>,<td>,<thead>,<tbody>,<tfoot>。 <p class="sycode"> <pre class='brush:php;toolbar:false;'><table> <caption>每月的存款</caption> <colgroup span="3"> <col span="1" style="background-color:red"> <col span="3" style="background-color:blue"> <tr> <th>月份</th> <th>一月</th> <th>二月</th> <th>三月</th> </tr> <tr> <td>存款</td> <td>1000元</td> <td>1000元</td> <td>1000元</td> </tr></table></pre><div class="contentsignin">Salin selepas log masuk</div></div> </p> <p class="sycode"> <div class="code" style="position:relative; padding:0px; margin:0px;"><pre class='brush:php;toolbar:false;'> 1 <table> 2 <thead> 3 <tr> 4 <td>THEAD 中的文本</td> 5 </tr> 6 </thead> 7 <tfoot> 8 <tr> 9 <td>TFOOT 中的文本</td>10 </tr>11 </tfoot>12 <tbody>13 <tr>14 <td>TBODY 中的文本</td> 15 </tr>16 </tbody>17 </table></pre><div class="contentsignin">Salin selepas log masuk</div></div> </p> <p> </p> 10个与表单有关的标签：<fieldset>,<legend>,<form>,<input>,<label>,<select>,<option>,<optgroup>,<menu>,<textarea>。 <p class="sycode"> <p class="sycode"> <div class="code" style="position:relative; padding:0px; margin:0px;"><pre class='brush:php;toolbar:false;'> 1 <form action="DoFormAction.htm"> 2 <fieldset style="width=800px"> <!--套住注册表格的边框--> 3 <legend>请输入如下的信息然后进行注册</legend> 4 <table cellspacing="0px" cellpadding="6px" border="1px" bordercolor="black" align="center" width="600px"> 5 <tr> 6 <td align="right">用户名:</td> <!--文本框--> 7 <td><input type="text" size="20" style="width:150px" /></td> 8 </tr> 9 <tr> 10 <td align="right">密码:</td> <!--密码框--> 11 <td><input type="password" size="20" style="width:150px" /></td> 12 </tr> 13 <tr> 14 <td align="right">确认密码:</td> 15 <td><input type="password" size="20" style="width:150px" /></td> 16 </tr> 17 <tr> 18 <td align="right">性别:</td> <!--单选框--> 19 <td> 20 <input type="radio" checked="checked" name="sex1" value="男" />男 21 <input type="radio" name="sex1" value="女" />女 22 </td> 23 </tr> 24 <tr> 25 <td align="right">性别(可以点文字选择):</td> 26 <td> 27 <fieldset style="width:150px"> <!--表单外框，也可以通过css设置宽度--> 28 <legend>请选择性别</legend> 29 <input type="radio" checked="checked" name="sex2" value="男" id="man" /> 30 <label for="man">男</label> 31 <input type="radio" name="sex2" value="女" id="woman" /> 32 <label for="woman">女</label> 33 </fieldset> 34 </td> 35 </tr> 36 <tr> 37 <td align="right">城市:</td> <!--下拉框--> 38 <td> 39 <select name="city"> 40 <option value="北京">北京</option> 41 <option value="深圳">深圳</option> 42 <option value="上海">上海</option> 43 <option value="南昌" selected="selected">南昌</option> <!--默认选择南昌--> 44 </select> 45 </td> 46 </tr> 47 <tr> 48 <td align="right">城市所在区域:</td> 49 <td> 50 <select name="area"> 51 <optgroup label="北京"> <!--下拉框分组显示--> 52 <option value="朝阳区">朝阳区</option> 53 <option value="海淀区">海淀区</option> 54 <option value="其他区">其他区</option> 55 </optgroup> 56 <optgroup label="南昌"> 57 <option value="东湖区">东湖区</option> 58 <option value="西湖区">西湖区</option> 59 <option value="青山湖区">青山湖区</option> 60 </optgroup> 61 </select> 62 </td> 63 </tr> 64 <tr> 65 <td align="right">交友目标:</td> 66 <td> 67 <select name="target" size="3" multiple="multiple"> <!--列表框--> 68 <option value="同行" selected="selected">同行</option> 69 <option value="普通朋友">普通朋友</option> 70 <option value="爱人">爱人</option> 71 </select> 72 </td> 73 </tr> 74 <tr> 75 <td align="right">爱好:</td> 76 <td> 77 <!--复选框,注意name属性设置一样，分组--> 78 <input type="checkbox" name="love" value="足球" />足球 79 <input type="checkbox" name="love" value="蓝球" />蓝球 80 <input type="checkbox" name="love" value="乒乓球" />乒乓球 81 </td> 82 </tr> 83 <tr> 84 <td align="right">照片上传:</td> 85 <td> 86 <!--文件选择框--> 87 <input type="file" name="myPic" /> 88 </td> 89 </tr> 90 <tr> 91 <td align="right">自我介绍:</td> 92 <td> 93 <!--多行文本框--> 94 <textarea rows="5" cols="50"> 95 </textarea> 96 </td> 97 </tr> 98 <tr> 99 <td align="center" colspan="2">100 <input type="submit" value="确定" />101 <input type="reset" value="清空" /> 102 <input type="image" src="../images/btnreg.png" onclick="alert('hello')" /> <!--演示图片按钮(会提交数据，类似submit)103 -->104 </td>105 </tr>106 </table>107 </fieldset>108 </form></pre><div class="contentsignin">Salin selepas log masuk</div></div> </p> View Code </p> <p>这个表单是由表格来布局的，是很早之前流行的方式，现在已经很少使用。就我所看到的而言，都是用定义列表(<dl><dt><dd>)和div标签来布局的，上述代码是从网上找来的，标签应用很全，所以就在此使用。</p> 6个与列表有关的标签：<ol>,<ul>,<li>,<dl>,<dt>,<dd>。 <p class="sycode"> <div class="code" style="position:relative; padding:0px; margin:0px;"><pre class='brush:php;toolbar:false;'> 1 <!--有序列表--> 2 <ol> 3 <li>春</li> 4 <li>夏</li> 5 <li>秋</li> 6 <li>冬</li> 7 </ol> 8 <!--无序列表--> 9 <ul>10 <li>春</li>11 <li>夏</li>12 <li>秋</li>13 <li>冬</li>14 </ul>15 <!--定义列表-->16 <dl>17 <dt>Coffee</dt>18 <dd>Black hot drink</dd>19 <dt>Milk</dt>20 <dd>White cold drink</dd>21 </dl></pre><div class="contentsignin">Salin selepas log masuk</div></div> </p> <p> </p> 3个与图像有关的标签：<img src="/static/imghw/default1.png" data-src="planets.gif" class="lazy" alt="新手前端笔记之--初识html标签_html/css_WEB-ITnose" >,<map>,<area>。 <p class="sycode"> <div class="code" style="position:relative; padding:0px; margin:0px;"><pre class='brush:php;toolbar:false;'><img src="/static/imghw/default1.png" data-src="planets.gif" class="lazy" alt="Planets" usemap ="#planetmap" /> <map id="planetmap"> <area shape ="rect" coords ="0,0,110,260" href ="sun.htm" alt="Sun" /> <area shape ="circle" coords ="129,161,10" href ="mercur.htm" alt="Mercury" /> <area shape ="circle" coords ="180,139,14" href ="venus.htm" alt="Venus" /> </map></pre><div class="contentsignin">Salin selepas log masuk</div></div> </p> <p> </p> 5个引入标签：<style>,<script>,<noscript>,<object><param>。<style>--为html文档引入样式表，<script>和<noscript>为html文档引入脚本,<object>和<param>定义引入多媒体对象并为其设置参数。 <p>2个容器标签：<div>,<iframe>。前者将整个页面所要显示的内容分割成多个“区块”，以便css样式表对各部分进行样式设定。后者可以在屏幕上显示多个页面，最常见的应用是在邮箱页面和后台管理页面，好处是在改变屏幕上一个区块内容时，其他部分不改变。 <p> 10.还剩下6个单独标签：<!---->用于注释，<br />用于换行，<hr>分割线，<a>定义超链接，<button>定义按钮，<address>地址标签。 <p> 对“旧”标签的总结就是上面这些了，以后会对一些重要的、常用的标签进行总结。 <p> </style>
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} else {
console.warn(
`Either scroll link with ID '${scrollLinkId}' or target element with ID '${targetElementId}' not found.`
);
}
}
// 使用该函数设置多个滚动链接
setupScrollLink("Article_Details_main1L2s_1", "article_main_title1");
setupScrollLink("Article_Details_main1L2s_2", "article_main_title2");
setupScrollLink("Article_Details_main1L2s_3", "article_main_title3");
setupScrollLink("Article_Details_main1L2s_4", "article_main_title4");
setupScrollLink("Article_Details_main1L2s_5", "article_main_title5");
setupScrollLink("Article_Details_main1L2s_6", "article_main_title6");
// 可以继续添加更多的滚动链接设置
});
window.addEventListener("scroll", function () {
var fixedElement = document.getElementById("Article_Details_main1Lmain");
var scrollTop = window.scrollY || document.documentElement.scrollTop; // 兼容不同浏览器
var clientHeight = window.innerHeight || document.documentElement.clientHeight; // 视口高度
var scrollHeight = document.documentElement.scrollHeight; // 页面总高度
// 计算距离底部的距离
var distanceToBottom = scrollHeight - scrollTop - clientHeight;
// 当距离底部小于或等于300px时，取消固定定位
if (distanceToBottom <= 980) {
fixedElement.classList.remove("Article_Details_main1Lmain");
fixedElement.classList.add("Article_Details_main1Lmain_relative");
} else {
// 否则，保持固定定位
fixedElement.classList.remove("Article_Details_main1Lmain_relative");
fixedElement.classList.add("Article_Details_main1Lmain");
}
});
</script>
</body>
</html> 
