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使用开源工具制作网页验证码的方法

高洛峰
Lepaskan: 2023-03-04 19:04:01
asal
1659 orang telah melayarinya

开发工具:eclipse、kaptcha-2.3.jar包。

一、创建Web项目;

二、新建一个Jsp页面(内容有,一个文本框,一个图片容器,一个提交按钮)

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<body>

<img alt="random" src="randomcode.jpg" onclick="changeR(this)" style="cursor: pointer;">

<form action="check.jsp">

<input type="text" name="r">

<input type="submit" value="s">

</form>

</body>

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三、可以看出图片验证码来源(src=“randomcode.jpg”)需配置Web.xml文件。(交给Servlet(该servlet在kaptcha-2.3.jar)处理)

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<servlet>

<servlet-name>Kaptcha</servlet-name>

<servlet-class>com.google.code.kaptcha.servlet.KaptchaServlet</servlet-class>

</servlet>

<servlet-mapping>

<servlet-name>Kaptcha</servlet-name>

<url-pattern>/randomcode.jpg</url-pattern>

</servlet-mapping>

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四、由于需要kaptcha-2.3.jar包,所以将下载好的jar包导入在lib中。(复制黏贴即可)

其他:

一、网页验证码的属性

(一)添加边框

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<servlet>

<init-param>

<description>图片边框,合法值:yes , no</description>

<param-name>kaptcha.border</param-name>

<param-value>yes</param-value> <!-- yes 或者 no-->

</init-param>

</servlet>

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(二)边框颜色

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<init-param>

<description>

边框颜色,合法值: r,g,b (and optional alpha) 或者white,black,blue.

</description>

<param-name>kaptcha.border.color</param-name>

<param-value>black</param-value>

</init-param>

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(三)边框厚度

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<init-param>

<description>边框厚度,合法值:>大于0 </description>

<param-name>kaptcha.border.thickness</param-name>

<param-value>1</param-value>

</init-param>

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(四)图片宽度

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<init-param>

<description>图片宽 200</description>

<param-name>kaptcha.image.width</param-name>

<param-value>200</param-value>

</init-param>

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(五)图片高度

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<init-param>

<description>图片高 50</description>

<param-name>kaptcha.image.height</param-name>

<param-value>50</param-value>

</init-param>

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(六)验证码集合

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<init-param>

<description>文本集合,验证码值从此集合中获取</description>

<param-name>kaptcha.textproducer.char.string</param-name>

<param-value>1234567890</param-value> <!--纯数字 -->

//<param-value>abcde2345678gfynmnpwx</param-value> <!-- 文字加英文-->

</init-param>

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(七)验证码长度

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<init-param>

<description>验证码长度 默认是5 </description>

<param-name>kaptcha.textproducer.char.length</param-name>

<param-value>2</param-value>

</init-param>

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(八)字体

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<init-param>

<description>字体 Arial, Courier</description>

<param-name>kaptcha.textproducer.font.names</param-name>

<param-value>Arial, Courier</param-value>

</init-param>

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(九)字体大小

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<init-param>

<description>字体大小 40px.</description>

<param-name>kaptcha.textproducer.font.size</param-name>

<param-value>40</param-value>

</init-param>

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(十)字体颜色

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<init-param>

<description>

字体颜色,合法值: r,g,b 或者 white,black,blue.

</description>

<param-name>kaptcha.textproducer.font.color</param-name>

<param-value>black</param-value>

</init-param>

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(十一)每个验证码之间的间隔

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<init-param>

<description>文字间隔 2</description>

<param-name>kaptcha.textproducer.char.space</param-name>

<param-value>2</param-value>

</init-param>

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(十二)干扰实现

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<init-param>

<description>干扰实现类</description>

<param-name>kaptcha.noise.impl</param-name>

<param-value>

<!-- com.google.code.kaptcha.impl.NoNoise -->

com.google.code.kaptcha.impl.DefaultNoise

</param-value>

</init-param>

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(十三)干扰颜色

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<init-param>

<description>

干扰颜色,合法值: r,g,b 或者 white,black,blue.

</description>

<param-name>kaptcha.noise.color</param-name>

<param-value>black</param-value>

</init-param>

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(十四)背景样式

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<init-param>

<description>

图片样式: 水纹com.google.code.kaptcha.impl.WaterRipple

鱼眼com.google.code.kaptcha.impl.FishEyeGimpy

阴影com.google.code.kaptcha.impl.ShadowGimpy

</description>

<param-name>kaptcha.obscurificator.impl</param-name>

<param-value>

com.google.code.kaptcha.impl.WaterRipple

</param-value>

</init-param>

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(十五)背景实现类

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<init-param>

<description>背景实现类</description>

<param-name>kaptcha.background.impl</param-name>

<param-value>

com.google.code.kaptcha.impl.DefaultBackground

</param-value>

</init-param>

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(十六)背景渐变颜色

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<init-param>

<description>背景颜色渐变,开始颜色</description>

<param-name>kaptcha.background.clear.from</param-name>

<param-value>green</param-value>

</init-param>

<init-param>

<description>背景颜色渐变,结束颜色</description>

<param-name>kaptcha.background.clear.to</param-name>

<param-value>white</param-value>

</init-param>

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(十七)文字渲染器

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<init-param>

<description> 文字渲染器 </description>

<param-name>kaptcha.word.impl</param-name>

<param-value>

com.google.code.kaptcha.text.impl.DefaultWordRenderer

</param-value>

</init-param>

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(十八)图片的验证码会保存在Session中,其中的值为

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<init-param>

<description> session中存放验证码的key键 </description>

<param-name>kaptcha.session.key</param-name>

<param-value>KAPTCHA_SESSION_KEY</param-value>

</init-param>

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(十九)图片实现类别

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<init-param>

<description>图片实现类</description>

<param-name>kaptcha.producer.impl</param-name>

<param-value>

com.google.code.kaptcha.impl.DefaultKaptcha

</param-value>

</init-param>

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(二十)文本实现类(可通过重写该类来实现验证码为中文)

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<init-param>

<description>文本实现类</description>

<param-name>kaptcha.textproducer.impl</param-name>

<param-value>

com.google.code.kaptcha.text.impl.DefaultTextCreator

</param-value>

</init-param>

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重写文本实现类,实现验证码为中文:

1.创建一个类别,继承Configurable 实现TextProducer(在jar包中)

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import com.google.code.kaptcha.text.TextProducer;

import com.google.code.kaptcha.util.Configurable;

import java.util.Random;

public class ChineseText extends Configurable implements TextProducer {

public String getText() {

int length = getConfig().getTextProducerCharLength();

String finalWord = "", firstWord = "";

int tempInt = 0;

String[] array = { "0", "1", "2", "3", "4", "5", "6", "7", "8", "9",

"a", "b", "c", "d", "e", "f" };

Random rand = new Random();

for (int i = 0; i < length; i++) {

switch (rand.nextInt(array.length)) {

case 1:

tempInt = rand.nextInt(26) + 65;

firstWord = String.valueOf((char) tempInt);

break;

case 2:

int r1,

r2,

r3,

r4;

String strH,

strL;// high&low

r1 = rand.nextInt(3) + 11; // 前闭后开[11,14)

if (r1 == 13) {

r2 = rand.nextInt(7);

} else {

r2 = rand.nextInt(16);

}

r3 = rand.nextInt(6) + 10;

if (r3 == 10) {

r4 = rand.nextInt(15) + 1;

} else if (r3 == 15) {

r4 = rand.nextInt(15);

} else {

r4 = rand.nextInt(16);

}

strH = array[r1] + array[r2];

strL = array[r3] + array[r4];

byte[] bytes = new byte[2];

bytes[0] = (byte) (Integer.parseInt(strH, 16));

bytes[1] = (byte) (Integer.parseInt(strL, 16));

firstWord = new String(bytes);

break;

default:

tempInt = rand.nextInt(10) + 48;

firstWord = String.valueOf((char) tempInt);

break;

}

finalWord += firstWord;

}

return finalWord;

}

}

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2.修改Web.xml配置

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<init-param>

<description>文本实现类</description>

<param-name>kaptcha.textproducer.impl</param-name>

<param-value>

ChineseText

</param-value>

</init-param>

五、验证码的校验(本文是利用check.jsp来校验的)保存在Session中,其中的键值为(第十八个属性)

[html] view plain copy

<body>

<%

// 检查是否是正确的验证码

String k = (String) session.getAttribute(com.google.code.kaptcha.Constants.KAPTCHA_SESSION_KEY);

String str = request.getParameter("r");

if (k.equals(str))

out.print("true");

out.print(k + "---" + str);

%>

</body>

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六、扩展(加法验证码的实现)

1.重写KaptchaServlet类

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import com.google.code.kaptcha.Producer;

import com.google.code.kaptcha.util.Config;

import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;

import java.io.IOException;

import java.util.Enumeration;

import java.util.Properties;

import javax.imageio.ImageIO;

import javax.servlet.Servlet;

import javax.servlet.ServletConfig;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;

import javax.servlet.ServletOutputStream;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpSession;

public class KaptchaServlet extends HttpServlet implements Servlet {

private Properties props;

private Producer kaptchaProducer;

private String sessionKeyValue;

public KaptchaServlet() {

this.props = new Properties();

this.kaptchaProducer = null;

this.sessionKeyValue = null;

}

public void init(ServletConfig conf) throws ServletException {

super.init(conf);

ImageIO.setUseCache(false);

Enumeration initParams = conf.getInitParameterNames();

while (initParams.hasMoreElements()) {

String key = (String) initParams.nextElement();

String value = conf.getInitParameter(key);

this.props.put(key, value);

}

Config config = new Config(this.props);

this.kaptchaProducer = config.getProducerImpl();

this.sessionKeyValue = config.getSessionKey();

}

public void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp)

throws ServletException, IOException {

resp.setDateHeader("Expires", 0L);

resp.setHeader("Cache-Control", "no-store, no-cache, must-revalidate");

resp.addHeader("Cache-Control", "post-check=0, pre-check=0");

resp.setHeader("Pragma", "no-cache");

resp.setContentType("image/jpeg");

String capText = this.kaptchaProducer.createText();

String s1 = capText.substring(0, 1);

String s2 = capText.substring(1, 2);

int r = Integer.valueOf(s1).intValue() + Integer.valueOf(s2).intValue();

req.getSession().setAttribute(this.sessionKeyValue, String.valueOf(r));

BufferedImage bi = this.kaptchaProducer.createImage(s1+"+"+s2+"=?");

ServletOutputStream out = resp.getOutputStream();

ImageIO.write(bi, "jpg", out);

try {

out.flush();

} finally {

out.close();

}

}

}

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2.修改配置文件

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<servlet>

<servlet-name>Kaptcha</servlet-name>

<servlet-class>KaptchaServlet</servlet-class>

</servlet>

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以上所述是小编给大家介绍的使用开源工具制作网页验证码的方法,希望对大家有所帮助,如果大家有任何疑问请给我留言,小编会及时回复大家的。在此也非常感谢大家对PHP中文网的支持!

更多使用开源工具制作网页验证码的方法相关文章请关注PHP中文网!

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