目录
1 servlet 和 filter 的异同
2 内存中的字符编码
3 gbk和utf-8的特点
4 struts和spring的整合
5 struts和spring的整合步骤
6 springIOC在action类中的使用
7 注解回顾
filter完全可以代替servlet使用，但是filter中的某些功能servlet不能实现，而servlet的所有功能filter都能实现
servlet 是运行在服务器端的程序，动态生成web页面
filter 是一段可以复用的代码，不能生成请求和响应，但是可以对相应和请求做相应的处理
servlet 是在web服务器启动或web服务器接收到第一次请求时利用构造器实例化servlet，然后调用init方法进行初始化,之后的每次请求会调用doGet或者doPost方法进行处理；当关闭服务器的时候，调用destroy方法销毁实例
filter 是在web服务器启动时利用构造器实例化filter，然后调用init方法进行初始化，之后的每次请求调用doFilter方法进行处理，关闭服务器的时候，调用destroy方法销毁实例
servlet是类、filter是接口
<span style="color: #008080"> 1</span> <span style="color: #0000ff">package</span><span style="color: #000000"> cn.xiangxu;
</span><span style="color: #008080"> 2</span>
<span style="color: #008080"> 3</span> <span style="color: #0000ff">import</span><span style="color: #000000"> java.io.IOException;
</span><span style="color: #008080"> 4</span> <span style="color: #0000ff">import</span><span style="color: #000000"> java.io.PrintWriter;
</span><span style="color: #008080"> 5</span>
<span style="color: #008080"> 6</span> <span style="color: #0000ff">import</span><span style="color: #000000"> javax.servlet.ServletException;
</span><span style="color: #008080"> 7</span> <span style="color: #0000ff">import</span><span style="color: #000000"> javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
</span><span style="color: #008080"> 8</span> <span style="color: #0000ff">import</span><span style="color: #000000"> javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
</span><span style="color: #008080"> 9</span> <span style="color: #0000ff">import</span><span style="color: #000000"> javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
</span><span style="color: #008080">10</span>
<span style="color: #008080">11</span> <span style="color: #008000">/**</span>
<span style="color: #008080">12</span> <span style="color: #008000"> * Servlet implementation class DemoServlet
</span><span style="color: #008080">13</span> <span style="color: #008000">*/</span>
<span style="color: #008080">14</span> <span style="color: #0000ff">public</span> <span style="color: #0000ff">class</span> DemoServlet <span style="color: #0000ff">extends</span><span style="color: #000000"> HttpServlet {
</span><span style="color: #008080">15</span> <span style="color: #0000ff">private</span> <span style="color: #0000ff">static</span> <span style="color: #0000ff">final</span> <span style="color: #0000ff">long</span> serialVersionUID = 1L<span style="color: #000000">;
</span><span style="color: #008080">16</span>
<span style="color: #008080">17</span> <span style="color: #008000">/**</span>
<span style="color: #008080">18</span> <span style="color: #008000"> * </span><span style="color: #808080">@see</span><span style="color: #008000"> HttpServlet#HttpServlet()
</span><span style="color: #008080">19</span> <span style="color: #008000">*/</span>
<span style="color: #008080">20</span> <span style="color: #0000ff">public</span><span style="color: #000000"> DemoServlet() {
</span><span style="color: #008080">21</span> <span style="color: #0000ff">super</span><span style="color: #000000">();
</span><span style="color: #008080">22</span> System.out.println("01 利用构造器实例化"<span style="color: #000000">);
</span><span style="color: #008080">23</span> <span style="color: #000000"> }
</span><span style="color: #008080">24</span>
<span style="color: #008080">25</span> <span style="color: #000000"> @Override
</span><span style="color: #008080">26</span> <span style="color: #0000ff">public</span> <span style="color: #0000ff">void</span> init() <span style="color: #0000ff">throws</span><span style="color: #000000"> ServletException {
</span><span style="color: #008080">27</span> <span style="color: #0000ff">super</span><span style="color: #000000">.init();
</span><span style="color: #008080">28</span> System.out.println("02 利用init方法初始化"<span style="color: #000000">);
</span><span style="color: #008080">29</span> <span style="color: #000000"> }
</span><span style="color: #008080">30</span>
<span style="color: #008080">31</span> <span style="color: #008000">/**</span>
<span style="color: #008080">32</span> <span style="color: #008000"> * </span><span style="color: #808080">@see</span><span style="color: #008000"> HttpServlet#doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
</span><span style="color: #008080">33</span> <span style="color: #008000">*/</span>
<span style="color: #008080">34</span> <span style="color: #0000ff">protected</span> <span style="color: #0000ff">void</span> doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) <span style="color: #0000ff">throws</span><span style="color: #000000"> ServletException, IOException {
</span><span style="color: #008080">35</span> System.out.println("03 调用处理方法"<span style="color: #000000">);
</span><span style="color: #008080">36</span>
<span style="color: #008080">37</span> response.setContentType("text/html;charset:utf-8"); <span style="color: #008000">//</span><span style="color: #008000"> 设置消息头部分信息</span>
<span style="color: #008080">38</span> response.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8"<span style="color: #000000">);
</span><span style="color: #008080">39</span>
<span style="color: #008080">40</span> PrintWriter out =<span style="color: #000000"> response.getWriter();
</span><span style="color: #008080">41</span> out.println("hello servlet"<span style="color: #000000">);
</span><span style="color: #008080">42</span> <span style="color: #000000"> out.close();
</span><span style="color: #008080">43</span> <span style="color: #000000"> }
</span><span style="color: #008080">44</span>
<span style="color: #008080">45</span> <span style="color: #000000"> @Override
</span><span style="color: #008080">46</span> <span style="color: #0000ff">public</span> <span style="color: #0000ff">void</span><span style="color: #000000"> destroy() {
</span><span style="color: #008080">47</span> <span style="color: #0000ff">super</span><span style="color: #000000">.destroy();
</span><span style="color: #008080">48</span> System.out.println("04 利用destroy方法销毁"<span style="color: #000000">);
</span><span style="color: #008080">49</span> <span style="color: #000000"> }
</span><span style="color: #008080">50</span>
<span style="color: #008080">51</span> <span style="color: #008000">/**</span>
<span style="color: #008080">52</span> <span style="color: #008000"> * </span><span style="color: #808080">@see</span><span style="color: #008000"> HttpServlet#doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
</span><span style="color: #008080">53</span> <span style="color: #008000">*/</span>
<span style="color: #008080">54</span> <span style="color: #0000ff">protected</span> <span style="color: #0000ff">void</span> doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) <span style="color: #0000ff">throws</span><span style="color: #000000"> ServletException, IOException {
</span><span style="color: #008080">55</span> <span style="color: #008000">//</span><span style="color: #008000"> TODO Auto-generated method stub</span>
<span style="color: #008080">56</span> <span style="color: #000000"> doGet(request, response);
</span><span style="color: #008080">57</span> <span style="color: #000000"> }
</span><span style="color: #008080">58</span>
<span style="color: #008080">59</span> }
<span style="color: #008080"> 1</span> <span style="color: #0000ff">package</span><span style="color: #000000"> cn.xiangxu;
</span><span style="color: #008080"> 2</span>
<span style="color: #008080"> 3</span> <span style="color: #0000ff">import</span><span style="color: #000000"> java.io.IOException;
</span><span style="color: #008080"> 4</span> <span style="color: #0000ff">import</span><span style="color: #000000"> java.io.PrintWriter;
</span><span style="color: #008080"> 5</span>
<span style="color: #008080"> 6</span> <span style="color: #0000ff">import</span><span style="color: #000000"> javax.servlet.Filter;
</span><span style="color: #008080"> 7</span> <span style="color: #0000ff">import</span><span style="color: #000000"> javax.servlet.FilterChain;
</span><span style="color: #008080"> 8</span> <span style="color: #0000ff">import</span><span style="color: #000000"> javax.servlet.FilterConfig;
</span><span style="color: #008080"> 9</span> <span style="color: #0000ff">import</span><span style="color: #000000"> javax.servlet.ServletException;
</span><span style="color: #008080">10</span> <span style="color: #0000ff">import</span><span style="color: #000000"> javax.servlet.ServletRequest;
</span><span style="color: #008080">11</span> <span style="color: #0000ff">import</span><span style="color: #000000"> javax.servlet.ServletResponse;
</span><span style="color: #008080">12</span> <span style="color: #0000ff">import</span><span style="color: #000000"> javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
</span><span style="color: #008080">13</span>
<span style="color: #008080">14</span> <span style="color: #008000">/**</span>
<span style="color: #008080">15</span> <span style="color: #008000"> * Servlet Filter implementation class DemoFilter
</span><span style="color: #008080">16</span> <span style="color: #008000">*/</span>
<span style="color: #008080">17</span> <span style="color: #0000ff">public</span> <span style="color: #0000ff">class</span> DemoFilter <span style="color: #0000ff">implements</span><span style="color: #000000"> Filter {
</span><span style="color: #008080">18</span>
<span style="color: #008080">19</span> <span style="color: #008000">/**</span>
<span style="color: #008080">20</span> <span style="color: #008000"> * Default constructor.
</span><span style="color: #008080">21</span> <span style="color: #008000">*/</span>
<span style="color: #008080">22</span> <span style="color: #0000ff">public</span><span style="color: #000000"> DemoFilter() {
</span><span style="color: #008080">23</span> System.out.println("01 利用构造器实例化"<span style="color: #000000">);
</span><span style="color: #008080">24</span> <span style="color: #000000"> }
</span><span style="color: #008080">25</span>
<span style="color: #008080">26</span> <span style="color: #008000">/**</span>
<span style="color: #008080">27</span> <span style="color: #008000"> * </span><span style="color: #808080">@see</span><span style="color: #008000"> Filter#init(FilterConfig)
</span><span style="color: #008080">28</span> <span style="color: #008000">*/</span>
<span style="color: #008080">29</span> <span style="color: #0000ff">public</span> <span style="color: #0000ff">void</span> init(FilterConfig fConfig) <span style="color: #0000ff">throws</span><span style="color: #000000"> ServletException {
</span><span style="color: #008080">30</span> System.out.println("02 利用init方法初始化"<span style="color: #000000">);
</span><span style="color: #008080">31</span> <span style="color: #000000"> }
</span><span style="color: #008080">32</span>
<span style="color: #008080">33</span> <span style="color: #008000">/**</span>
<span style="color: #008080">34</span> <span style="color: #008000"> * </span><span style="color: #808080">@see</span><span style="color: #008000"> Filter#doFilter(ServletRequest, ServletResponse, FilterChain)
</span><span style="color: #008080">35</span> <span style="color: #008000">*/</span>
<span style="color: #008080">36</span> <span style="color: #0000ff">public</span> <span style="color: #0000ff">void</span> doFilter(ServletRequest request, ServletResponse resp, FilterChain chain) <span style="color: #0000ff">throws</span><span style="color: #000000"> IOException, ServletException {
</span><span style="color: #008080">37</span> System.out.println("03 调用处理方法"<span style="color: #000000">);
</span><span style="color: #008080">38</span>
<span style="color: #008080">39</span> HttpServletResponse response =<span style="color: #000000"> (HttpServletResponse)resp;
</span><span style="color: #008080">40</span>
<span style="color: #008080">41</span> response.setContentType("text/html;charset:utf-8"<span style="color: #000000">);
</span><span style="color: #008080">42</span> response.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8"<span style="color: #000000">);
</span><span style="color: #008080">43</span>
<span style="color: #008080">44</span> PrintWriter out =<span style="color: #000000"> response.getWriter();
</span><span style="color: #008080">45</span> out.println("hello filter"<span style="color: #000000">);
</span><span style="color: #008080">46</span> <span style="color: #000000"> out.close();
</span><span style="color: #008080">47</span> <span style="color: #000000"> }
</span><span style="color: #008080">48</span>
<span style="color: #008080">49</span> <span style="color: #008000">/**</span>
<span style="color: #008080">50</span> <span style="color: #008000"> * </span><span style="color: #808080">@see</span><span style="color: #008000"> Filter#destroy()
</span><span style="color: #008080">51</span> <span style="color: #008000">*/</span>
<span style="color: #008080">52</span> <span style="color: #0000ff">public</span> <span style="color: #0000ff">void</span><span style="color: #000000"> destroy() {
</span><span style="color: #008080">53</span> System.out.println("04 利用destroy方法销毁"<span style="color: #000000">);
</span><span style="color: #008080">54</span> <span style="color: #000000"> }
</span><span style="color: #008080">55</span>
<span style="color: #008080">56</span> }
<span style="color: #008080"> 1</span> <span style="color: #0000ff"><?</span><span style="color: #ff00ff">xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"</span><span style="color: #0000ff">?></span> <span style="color: #008080"> 2</span> <span style="color: #0000ff"><</span><span style="color: #800000">web-app </span><span style="color: #ff0000">xmlns:xsi</span><span style="color: #0000ff">="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"</span><span style="color: #ff0000"> xmlns</span><span style="color: #0000ff">="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"</span><span style="color: #ff0000"> xsi:schemaLocation</span><span style="color: #0000ff">="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee "</span><span style="color: #ff0000"> id</span><span style="color: #0000ff">="WebApp_ID"</span><span style="color: #ff0000"> version</span><span style="color: #0000ff">="2.5"</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span> <span style="color: #008080"> 3</span> <span style="color: #0000ff"><</span><span style="color: #800000">display-name</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span>servletVsFilter<span style="color: #0000ff"></</span><span style="color: #800000">display-name</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span> <span style="color: #008080"> 4</span> <span style="color: #0000ff"><</span><span style="color: #800000">welcome-file-list</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span> <span style="color: #008080"> 5</span> <span style="color: #0000ff"><</span><span style="color: #800000">welcome-file</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span>index.html<span style="color: #0000ff"></</span><span style="color: #800000">welcome-file</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span> <span style="color: #008080"> 6</span> <span style="color: #0000ff"><</span><span style="color: #800000">welcome-file</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span>index.htm<span style="color: #0000ff"></</span><span style="color: #800000">welcome-file</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span> <span style="color: #008080"> 7</span> <span style="color: #0000ff"><</span><span style="color: #800000">welcome-file</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span>index.jsp<span style="color: #0000ff"></</span><span style="color: #800000">welcome-file</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span> <span style="color: #008080"> 8</span> <span style="color: #0000ff"><</span><span style="color: #800000">welcome-file</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span>default.html<span style="color: #0000ff"></</span><span style="color: #800000">welcome-file</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span> <span style="color: #008080"> 9</span> <span style="color: #0000ff"><</span><span style="color: #800000">welcome-file</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span>default.htm<span style="color: #0000ff"></</span><span style="color: #800000">welcome-file</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span> <span style="color: #008080">10</span> <span style="color: #0000ff"><</span><span style="color: #800000">welcome-file</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span>default.jsp<span style="color: #0000ff"></</span><span style="color: #800000">welcome-file</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span> <span style="color: #008080">11</span> <span style="color: #0000ff"></</span><span style="color: #800000">welcome-file-list</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span> <span style="color: #008080">12</span> <span style="color: #0000ff"><</span><span style="color: #800000">servlet</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span> <span style="color: #008080">13</span> <span style="color: #0000ff"><</span><span style="color: #800000">servlet-name</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span>servlet<span style="color: #0000ff"></</span><span style="color: #800000">servlet-name</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span> <span style="color: #008080">14</span> <span style="color: #0000ff"><</span><span style="color: #800000">servlet-class</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span>cn.xiangxu.DemoServlet<span style="color: #0000ff"></</span><span style="color: #800000">servlet-class</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span> <span style="color: #008080">15</span> <span style="color: #0000ff"></</span><span style="color: #800000">servlet</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span> <span style="color: #008080">16</span> <span style="color: #0000ff"><</span><span style="color: #800000">servlet-mapping</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span> <span style="color: #008080">17</span> <span style="color: #0000ff"><</span><span style="color: #800000">servlet-name</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span>servlet<span style="color: #0000ff"></</span><span style="color: #800000">servlet-name</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span> <span style="color: #008080">18</span> <span style="color: #0000ff"><</span><span style="color: #800000">url-pattern</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span>/servlet.do<span style="color: #0000ff"></</span><span style="color: #800000">url-pattern</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span> <span style="color: #008080">19</span> <span style="color: #0000ff"></</span><span style="color: #800000">servlet-mapping</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span> <span style="color: #008080">20</span> <span style="color: #008080">21</span> <span style="color: #0000ff"><</span><span style="color: #800000">filter</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span> <span style="color: #008080">22</span> <span style="color: #0000ff"><</span><span style="color: #800000">filter-name</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span>filter<span style="color: #0000ff"></</span><span style="color: #800000">filter-name</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span> <span style="color: #008080">23</span> <span style="color: #0000ff"><</span><span style="color: #800000">filter-class</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span>cn.xiangxu.DemoFilter<span style="color: #0000ff"></</span><span style="color: #800000">filter-class</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span> <span style="color: #008080">24</span> <span style="color: #0000ff"></</span><span style="color: #800000">filter</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span> <span style="color: #008080">25</span> <span style="color: #0000ff"><</span><span style="color: #800000">filter-mapping</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span> <span style="color: #008080">26</span> <span style="color: #0000ff"><</span><span style="color: #800000">filter-name</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span>filter<span style="color: #0000ff"></</span><span style="color: #800000">filter-name</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span> <span style="color: #008080">27</span> <span style="color: #0000ff"><</span><span style="color: #800000">url-pattern</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span>/filter.do<span style="color: #0000ff"></</span><span style="color: #800000">url-pattern</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span> <span style="color: #008080">28</span> <span style="color: #0000ff"></</span><span style="color: #800000">filter-mapping</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span> <span style="color: #008080">29</span> <span style="color: #0000ff"></</span><span style="color: #800000">web-app</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span>
项目结构图
servlet效果图
filter效果图
字符在服务器内存中是16位的char,网络传输的单位是8为的byte，我们必须对数据进行拆分才能够进行传输，拆分的过程我们叫做编码
utf-8是国际化的最优编码方案，包括了所有的字符，中文占3字节
gbk是本土化的最优编码方案，包含的字符较少，中文占2字节
使用spring框架管理组件，实现注入，简化代码
导包（struts2 - spring - plugin）
配置文件（web.xml spring-struts.xml）
struts.xml配置文件
struts2核心包、struts和spring的整合插件包
<span style="color: #008080"> 1</span> <span style="color: #0000ff"><</span><span style="color: #800000">project </span><span style="color: #ff0000">xmlns</span><span style="color: #0000ff">="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"</span><span style="color: #ff0000"> xmlns:xsi</span><span style="color: #0000ff">="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"</span><span style="color: #ff0000"> xsi:schemaLocation</span><span style="color: #0000ff">="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 "</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span> <span style="color: #008080"> 2</span> <span style="color: #0000ff"><</span><span style="color: #800000">modelVersion</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span>4.0.0<span style="color: #0000ff"></</span><span style="color: #800000">modelVersion</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span> <span style="color: #008080"> 3</span> <span style="color: #0000ff"><</span><span style="color: #800000">groupId</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span>cn.xiangxu<span style="color: #0000ff"></</span><span style="color: #800000">groupId</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span> <span style="color: #008080"> 4</span> <span style="color: #0000ff"><</span><span style="color: #800000">artifactId</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span>ssh02<span style="color: #0000ff"></</span><span style="color: #800000">artifactId</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span> <span style="color: #008080"> 5</span> <span style="color: #0000ff"><</span><span style="color: #800000">version</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT<span style="color: #0000ff"></</span><span style="color: #800000">version</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span> <span style="color: #008080"> 6</span> <span style="color: #0000ff"><</span><span style="color: #800000">packaging</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span>war<span style="color: #0000ff"></</span><span style="color: #800000">packaging</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span> <span style="color: #008080"> 7</span> <span style="color: #0000ff"><</span><span style="color: #800000">dependencies</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span> <span style="color: #008080"> 8</span> <span style="color: #0000ff"><</span><span style="color: #800000">dependency</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span> <span style="color: #008080"> 9</span> <span style="color: #0000ff"><</span><span style="color: #800000">groupId</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span>org.apache.struts<span style="color: #0000ff"></</span><span style="color: #800000">groupId</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span> <span style="color: #008080">10</span> <span style="color: #0000ff"><</span><span style="color: #800000">artifactId</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span>struts2-core<span style="color: #0000ff"></</span><span style="color: #800000">artifactId</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span> <span style="color: #008080">11</span> <span style="color: #0000ff"><</span><span style="color: #800000">version</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span>2.3.8<span style="color: #0000ff"></</span><span style="color: #800000">version</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span> <span style="color: #008080">12</span> <span style="color: #0000ff"></</span><span style="color: #800000">dependency</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span> <span style="color: #008080">13</span> <span style="color: #0000ff"><</span><span style="color: #800000">dependency</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span> <span style="color: #008080">14</span> <span style="color: #0000ff"><</span><span style="color: #800000">groupId</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span>org.apache.struts<span style="color: #0000ff"></</span><span style="color: #800000">groupId</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span> <span style="color: #008080">15</span> <span style="color: #0000ff"><</span><span style="color: #800000">artifactId</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span>struts2-spring-plugin<span style="color: #0000ff"></</span><span style="color: #800000">artifactId</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span> <span style="color: #008080">16</span> <span style="color: #0000ff"><</span><span style="color: #800000">version</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span>2.3.8<span style="color: #0000ff"></</span><span style="color: #800000">version</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span> <span style="color: #008080">17</span> <span style="color: #0000ff"></</span><span style="color: #800000">dependency</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span> <span style="color: #008080">18</span> <span style="color: #0000ff"></</span><span style="color: #800000">dependencies</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span> <span style="color: #008080">19</span> <span style="color: #0000ff"></</span><span style="color: #800000">project</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span>
<span style="color: #008080"> 1</span> <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <span style="color: #008080"> 2</span> <web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee " version="2.5"> <span style="color: #008080"> 3</span> <display-name>ssh02</display-name> <span style="color: #008080"> 4</span> <welcome-file-list> <span style="color: #008080"> 5</span> <welcome-file>index.html</welcome-file> <span style="color: #008080"> 6</span> <welcome-file>index.htm</welcome-file> <span style="color: #008080"> 7</span> <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file> <span style="color: #008080"> 8</span> <welcome-file><span style="color: #0000ff">default</span>.html</welcome-file> <span style="color: #008080"> 9</span> <welcome-file><span style="color: #0000ff">default</span>.htm</welcome-file> <span style="color: #008080">10</span> <welcome-file><span style="color: #0000ff">default</span>.jsp</welcome-file> <span style="color: #008080">11</span> </welcome-file-list> <span style="color: #008080">12</span> <span style="color: #008080">13</span> <!--<span style="color: #000000"> 配置spring监听 </span><span style="color: #008080">14</span> 目的：容器启动时自动加载一下东西到缓存中 --> <span style="color: #008080">15</span> <listener> <span style="color: #008080">16</span> <listener-<span style="color: #0000ff">class</span>>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-<span style="color: #0000ff">class</span>> <span style="color: #008080">17</span> </listener> <span style="color: #008080">18</span> <span style="color: #008080">19</span> <!-- 配置Spring配置文件的位置 --> <span style="color: #008080">20</span> <context-param> <span style="color: #008080">21</span> <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name> <span style="color: #008080">22</span> <param-value>classpath:spring_*.xml</param-value> <span style="color: #008080">23</span> </context-param> <span style="color: #008080">24</span> <span style="color: #008080">25</span> <!-- 配置主控制器和过滤条件 --> <span style="color: #008080">26</span> <filter> <span style="color: #008080">27</span> <filter-name>mvc</filter-name> <span style="color: #008080">28</span> <filter-<span style="color: #0000ff">class</span>>org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.ng.filter.StrutsPrepareAndExecuteFilter</filter-<span style="color: #0000ff">class</span>> <span style="color: #008080">29</span> </filter> <span style="color: #008080">30</span> <filter-mapping> <span style="color: #008080">31</span> <filter-name>mvc</filter-name> <span style="color: #008080">32</span> <url-pattern><span style="color: #008000">/*</span><span style="color: #008000"></url-pattern> </span><span style="color: #008080">33</span> <span style="color: #008000"> </filter-mapping> </span><span style="color: #008080">34</span> <span style="color: #008080">35</span> <span style="color: #008080">36</span> <span style="color: #008000"></web-app></span>
所需类的位置
配置文件所处位置
所需类的位置
只需要在里面配置组件扫描即可
<span style="color: #008080"> 1</span> <span style="color: #0000ff"><?</span><span style="color: #ff00ff">xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"</span><span style="color: #0000ff">?></span> <span style="color: #008080"> 2</span> <span style="color: #0000ff"><</span><span style="color: #800000">beans </span><span style="color: #ff0000">xmlns</span><span style="color: #0000ff">="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"</span> <span style="color: #008080"> 3</span> <span style="color: #ff0000"> xmlns:xsi</span><span style="color: #0000ff">="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"</span><span style="color: #ff0000"> xmlns:context</span><span style="color: #0000ff">="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"</span> <span style="color: #008080"> 4</span> <span style="color: #ff0000"> xmlns:jdbc</span><span style="color: #0000ff">="http://www.springframework.org/schema/jdbc"</span><span style="color: #ff0000"> xmlns:jee</span><span style="color: #0000ff">="http://www.springframework.org/schema/jee"</span> <span style="color: #008080"> 5</span> <span style="color: #ff0000"> xmlns:tx</span><span style="color: #0000ff">="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"</span><span style="color: #ff0000"> xmlns:aop</span><span style="color: #0000ff">="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"</span> <span style="color: #008080"> 6</span> <span style="color: #ff0000"> xmlns:mvc</span><span style="color: #0000ff">="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"</span><span style="color: #ff0000"> xmlns:util</span><span style="color: #0000ff">="http://www.springframework.org/schema/util"</span> <span style="color: #008080"> 7</span> <span style="color: #ff0000"> xmlns:jpa</span><span style="color: #0000ff">="http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/jpa"</span> <span style="color: #008080"> 8</span> <span style="color: #ff0000"> xsi:schemaLocation</span><span style="color: #0000ff">=" </span><span style="color: #008080"> 9</span> <span style="color: #0000ff"> http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd </span><span style="color: #008080">10</span> <span style="color: #0000ff"> http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd </span><span style="color: #008080">11</span> <span style="color: #0000ff"> http://www.springframework.org/schema/jdbc/spring-jdbc-3.0.xsd </span><span style="color: #008080">12</span> <span style="color: #0000ff"> http://www.springframework.org/schema/jee/spring-jee-3.0.xsd </span><span style="color: #008080">13</span> <span style="color: #0000ff"> http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-3.0.xsd </span><span style="color: #008080">14</span> <span style="color: #0000ff"> http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/jpa/spring-jpa-1.3.xsd </span><span style="color: #008080">15</span> <span style="color: #0000ff"> http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-3.0.xsd </span><span style="color: #008080">16</span> <span style="color: #0000ff"> http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.0.xsd </span><span style="color: #008080">17</span> <span style="color: #0000ff"> http://www.springframework.org/schema/util/spring-util-3.0.xsd"</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span> <span style="color: #008080">18</span> <span style="color: #008080">19</span> <span style="color: #008000"><!--</span><span style="color: #008000"> 配置组件扫描 </span><span style="color: #008000">--></span> <span style="color: #008080">20</span> <span style="color: #0000ff"><</span><span style="color: #800000">context:component-scan </span><span style="color: #ff0000">base-package</span><span style="color: #0000ff">="cn.xiangxu"</span> <span style="color: #0000ff">/></span> <span style="color: #008080">21</span> <span style="color: #008080">22</span> <span style="color: #0000ff"></</span><span style="color: #800000">beans</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span>
<span style="color: #008080"> 1</span> <span style="color: #0000ff"><?</span><span style="color: #ff00ff">xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"</span><span style="color: #0000ff">?></span> <span style="color: #008080"> 2</span> <span style="color: #0000ff"><!</span><span style="color: #ff00ff">DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC </span><span style="color: #008080"> 3</span> <span style="color: #ff00ff"> "-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.3//EN" </span><span style="color: #008080"> 4</span> <span style="color: #ff00ff"> "http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.3.dtd"</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span> <span style="color: #008080"> 5</span> <span style="color: #0000ff"><</span><span style="color: #800000">struts</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span> <span style="color: #008080"> 6</span> <span style="color: #008080"> 7</span> <span style="color: #0000ff"><</span><span style="color: #800000">package </span><span style="color: #ff0000">name</span><span style="color: #0000ff">="test"</span><span style="color: #ff0000"> namespace</span><span style="color: #0000ff">="/test"</span><span style="color: #ff0000"> extends</span><span style="color: #0000ff">="struts-default"</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span> <span style="color: #008000"><!--</span><span style="color: #008000"> namespace是配置访问路径，extends是配置继承默认struts文件 </span><span style="color: #008000">--></span> <span style="color: #008080"> 8</span> <span style="color: #0000ff"><</span><span style="color: #800000">action </span><span style="color: #ff0000">name</span><span style="color: #0000ff">="demo"</span><span style="color: #ff0000"> class</span><span style="color: #0000ff">="cn.xiangxu.TestAction"</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span> <span style="color: #008000"><!--</span><span style="color: #008000"> name是配置访问网名，class是配置action类 </span><span style="color: #008000">--></span> <span style="color: #008080"> 9</span> <span style="color: #0000ff"><</span><span style="color: #800000">result </span><span style="color: #ff0000">name</span><span style="color: #0000ff">="success"</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span> <span style="color: #008080">10</span> <span style="color: #000000"> /WEB-INF/jsp/msg.jsp </span><span style="color: #008080">11</span> <span style="color: #0000ff"></</span><span style="color: #800000">result</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span> <span style="color: #008080">12</span> <span style="color: #0000ff"></</span><span style="color: #800000">action</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span> <span style="color: #008080">13</span> <span style="color: #0000ff"></</span><span style="color: #800000">package</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span> <span style="color: #008080">14</span> <span style="color: #008080">15</span> <span style="color: #0000ff"></</span><span style="color: #800000">struts</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span>
<span style="color: #008080">1</span> <span style="color: #0000ff">package</span><span style="color: #000000"> cn.xiangxu;
</span><span style="color: #008080">2</span>
<span style="color: #008080">3</span> <span style="color: #0000ff">public</span> <span style="color: #0000ff">class</span><span style="color: #000000"> TestAction {
</span><span style="color: #008080">4</span> <span style="color: #0000ff">public</span><span style="color: #000000"> String execute() {
</span><span style="color: #008080">5</span> System.out.println("struts整合spring"<span style="color: #000000">);
</span><span style="color: #008080">6</span> <span style="color: #0000ff">return</span> "success"<span style="color: #000000">;
</span><span style="color: #008080">7</span> <span style="color: #000000"> }
</span><span style="color: #008080">8</span> }
<span style="color: #008080"> 1</span> <span style="color: #0000ff"><</span><span style="color: #800000">%@ page </span><span style="color: #ff0000">language</span><span style="color: #0000ff">="java"</span><span style="color: #ff0000"> contentType</span><span style="color: #0000ff">="text/html; charset=utf-8"</span> <span style="color: #008080"> 2</span> <span style="color: #ff0000"> pageEncoding</span><span style="color: #0000ff">="utf-8"</span><span style="color: #ff0000">%</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span> <span style="color: #008080"> 3</span> <span style="color: #0000ff"><!</span><span style="color: #ff00ff">DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd"</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span> <span style="color: #008080"> 4</span> <span style="color: #0000ff"><</span><span style="color: #800000">html</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span> <span style="color: #008080"> 5</span> <span style="color: #0000ff"><</span><span style="color: #800000">head</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span> <span style="color: #008080"> 6</span> <span style="color: #0000ff"><</span><span style="color: #800000">meta </span><span style="color: #ff0000">http-equiv</span><span style="color: #0000ff">="Content-Type"</span><span style="color: #ff0000"> content</span><span style="color: #0000ff">="text/html; charset=utf-8"</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span> <span style="color: #008080"> 7</span> <span style="color: #0000ff"><</span><span style="color: #800000">title</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span>test<span style="color: #0000ff"></</span><span style="color: #800000">title</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span> <span style="color: #008080"> 8</span> <span style="color: #0000ff"></</span><span style="color: #800000">head</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span> <span style="color: #008080"> 9</span> <span style="color: #0000ff"><</span><span style="color: #800000">body</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span> <span style="color: #008080">10</span> <span style="color: #0000ff"><</span><span style="color: #800000">h2</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span>恭喜你，struts整合spring成功！<span style="color: #0000ff"></</span><span style="color: #800000">h2</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span> <span style="color: #008080">11</span> <span style="color: #0000ff"></</span><span style="color: #800000">body</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span> <span style="color: #008080">12</span> <span style="color: #0000ff"></</span><span style="color: #800000">html</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span>
项目结构图
例如：持久层的action类中通过依赖注入服务层的类，从而就可以使用服务层的相关属性和方法啦
<span style="color: #008080"> 1</span> <span style="color: #0000ff">package</span><span style="color: #000000"> cn.xiangxu.service;
</span><span style="color: #008080"> 2</span>
<span style="color: #008080"> 3</span> <span style="color: #0000ff">import</span><span style="color: #000000"> org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
</span><span style="color: #008080"> 4</span>
<span style="color: #008080"> 5</span> <span style="color: #000000">@Service
</span><span style="color: #008080"> 6</span> <span style="color: #0000ff">public</span> <span style="color: #0000ff">class</span><span style="color: #000000"> TestService {
</span><span style="color: #008080"> 7</span> <span style="color: #0000ff">public</span> <span style="color: #0000ff">void</span><span style="color: #000000"> test() {
</span><span style="color: #008080"> 8</span> System.out.println("我是业务层的数据哟。"<span style="color: #000000">);
</span><span style="color: #008080"> 9</span> <span style="color: #000000"> }
</span><span style="color: #008080">10</span> }在action类上添加@Controller注解，这样spring容器就会自动给其增加一个bean
在action类上添加@Scope("prototype")注解，这样就能让每一个请求都有一个action处理类，如果不写就是所有的请求公用一个action处理类（即：默认时使用单例模式）
在action类中依赖注入业务层，从而实现控制反转
<span style="color: #008080"> 1</span> <span style="color: #0000ff">package</span><span style="color: #000000"> cn.xiangxu.action;
</span><span style="color: #008080"> 2</span>
<span style="color: #008080"> 3</span> <span style="color: #0000ff">import</span><span style="color: #000000"> javax.annotation.Resource;
</span><span style="color: #008080"> 4</span>
<span style="color: #008080"> 5</span> <span style="color: #0000ff">import</span><span style="color: #000000"> org.springframework.context.annotation.Scope;
</span><span style="color: #008080"> 6</span> <span style="color: #0000ff">import</span><span style="color: #000000"> org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
</span><span style="color: #008080"> 7</span>
<span style="color: #008080"> 8</span> <span style="color: #0000ff">import</span><span style="color: #000000"> cn.xiangxu.service.TestService;
</span><span style="color: #008080"> 9</span>
<span style="color: #008080">10</span> <span style="color: #000000">@Controller
</span><span style="color: #008080">11</span> @Scope("prototype"<span style="color: #000000">)
</span><span style="color: #008080">12</span> <span style="color: #0000ff">public</span> <span style="color: #0000ff">class</span><span style="color: #000000"> TestAction {
</span><span style="color: #008080">13</span>
<span style="color: #008080">14</span> @Resource(name="testService"<span style="color: #000000">)
</span><span style="color: #008080">15</span> <span style="color: #0000ff">private</span><span style="color: #000000"> TestService testService;
</span><span style="color: #008080">16</span>
<span style="color: #008080">17</span> <span style="color: #0000ff">public</span><span style="color: #000000"> String execute() {
</span><span style="color: #008080">18</span> System.out.println("struts整合spring"<span style="color: #000000">);
</span><span style="color: #008080">19</span> <span style="color: #000000"> testService.test();
</span><span style="color: #008080">20</span> <span style="color: #0000ff">return</span> "success"<span style="color: #000000">;
</span><span style="color: #008080">21</span> <span style="color: #000000"> }
</span><span style="color: #008080">22</span> }struts中的action标签中的class属性值可以用相应bean的id代替
<span style="color: #008080"> 1</span> <span style="color: #0000ff"><?</span><span style="color: #ff00ff">xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"</span><span style="color: #0000ff">?></span> <span style="color: #008080"> 2</span> <span style="color: #0000ff"><!</span><span style="color: #ff00ff">DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC </span><span style="color: #008080"> 3</span> <span style="color: #ff00ff"> "-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.3//EN" </span><span style="color: #008080"> 4</span> <span style="color: #ff00ff"> "http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.3.dtd"</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span> <span style="color: #008080"> 5</span> <span style="color: #0000ff"><</span><span style="color: #800000">struts</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span> <span style="color: #008080"> 6</span> <span style="color: #008080"> 7</span> <span style="color: #0000ff"><</span><span style="color: #800000">package </span><span style="color: #ff0000">name</span><span style="color: #0000ff">="test"</span><span style="color: #ff0000"> namespace</span><span style="color: #0000ff">="/test"</span><span style="color: #ff0000"> extends</span><span style="color: #0000ff">="struts-default"</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span> <span style="color: #008000"><!--</span><span style="color: #008000"> namespace是配置访问路径，extends是配置继承默认struts文件 </span><span style="color: #008000">--></span> <span style="color: #008080"> 8</span> <span style="color: #0000ff"><</span><span style="color: #800000">action </span><span style="color: #ff0000">name</span><span style="color: #0000ff">="demo"</span><span style="color: #ff0000"> class</span><span style="color: #0000ff">="testAction"</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span> <span style="color: #008000"><!--</span><span style="color: #008000"> name是配置访问网名，class是配置action类 </span><span style="color: #008000">--></span> <span style="color: #008080"> 9</span> <span style="color: #0000ff"><</span><span style="color: #800000">result </span><span style="color: #ff0000">name</span><span style="color: #0000ff">="success"</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span> <span style="color: #008080">10</span> <span style="color: #000000"> /WEB-INF/jsp/msg.jsp </span><span style="color: #008080">11</span> <span style="color: #0000ff"></</span><span style="color: #800000">result</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span> <span style="color: #008080">12</span> <span style="color: #0000ff"></</span><span style="color: #800000">action</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span> <span style="color: #008080">13</span> <span style="color: #0000ff"></</span><span style="color: #800000">package</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span> <span style="color: #008080">14</span> <span style="color: #008080">15</span> <span style="color: #0000ff"></</span><span style="color: #800000">struts</span><span style="color: #0000ff">></span>
@Component@Controller@Service@Repository
@Resource@Scope
@Component 通用的标记（不推荐使用，菜鸟可以使用，【AOP编程时可以使用】）
格式1：@Controller("指定id")
格式2：@Controller 这种方式时使用默认的id，即：类名小写后的值
@Controller 作用于控制层
@Service 作用于业务层
@Repository 作用于持久层
@Scope 避免线程的安全问题，指定值为“prototype"，这样每个请求都会对应一个action处理类；如果不写的话就是单例模式（即：所有请求对应一个action处理类）
格式：@Scope("prototype")
@Resource 依赖注入时的声明
格式：@Resource(name="依赖注入的id")
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