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在vue中使用v-model如何实现父子组件通信

亚连

Jun 21, 2018 pm 05:24 PM

model vue vue2 Komunikasi komponen ibu bapa-anak

vue.js，是一个构建数据驱动的 web 界面的库。Vue.js 的目标是通过尽可能简单的 API 实现响应的数据绑定和组合的视图组件。下面这篇文章主要给大家介绍了关于vue项目中v-model父子组件通信实现的相关资料，需要的朋友可以参考下。

前言

我们在vue项目中，经常有这样的需求，父组件绑定v-model，子组件输入更改父组件v-model绑定的数值。很多朋友对这种操作不是很清楚，这需要对v-model有比较深入的了解，今天谈谈v-model。

vue的双向数据绑定

v-model这个指令只能用在, 这些表单元素上，所谓双向绑定，指的就是我们在js中的vue实例中的data与其渲染的dom元素上的内容保持一致，两者无论谁被改变，另一方也会相应的更新为相同的数据。</p> <p>这个问题在很多前端面试中，会提及。面试官问你，vue的双向数据绑定原理是什么？当然，这个也是耳熟能详的问题，百度随便一搜索，到处都能找到答案。</p> <p>一般都会搜索到，是用Object.defineProperty( ) ，来监听数据get和set，来实现数据劫持的。</p> <p>假如对Object.defineProperty( )不是很了解，可以点击上面链接，看看其语法！</p> <p><strong>举个简单的例子：</strong></p><div class="code" style="position:relative; padding:0px; margin:0px;"><pre class='brush:php;toolbar:false;'>var blog = { name: 'haorooms博客' }; console.log(blog.name); // haorooms博客</pre><div class="contentsignin">Salin selepas log masuk</div></div><p>如果想要在执行<code>console.log(blog.name)</code>的同时，直接给haorooms博客加个书名号，那要怎么处理呢？或者说要通过什么监听对象 blog的属性值。这时候<code>Object.defineProperty( )</code>就派上用场了，代码如下：</p><div class="code" style="position:relative; padding:0px; margin:0px;"><pre class='brush:php;toolbar:false;'>var blog= {} var name = ''; Object.defineProperty(blog, 'name', { set: function (value) { name = value; console.log('欢迎来到' + value); }, get: function () { return '《' + name + '》' } }) blog.name = 'haorooms博客'; // 欢迎来到haorooms博客 console.log(blog.name); // 《haorooms博客》</pre><div class="contentsignin">Salin selepas log masuk</div></div><p>上面代码执行一下，可以查看效果！</p><p>关于 vue的双向数据绑定，具体如何实现的？网上也有很多实现的代码，这里就不多累赘了！</p><p><span style="color: #ff0000"><strong>v-model 的使用</strong></span></p><p>上面开了一个小差，讲了那么多，其实就是为了说明Vue 是单项数据流，v-model 只是语法糖而已。</p><div class="code" style="position:relative; padding:0px; margin:0px;"><pre class='brush:php;toolbar:false;'><input v-model="haorooms" /> <input v-bind:value="haorooms" v-on:input="haorooms= $event.target.value" /></pre><div class="contentsignin">Salin selepas log masuk</div></div><p>第一行的代码其实只是第二行的语法糖。然后第二行代码还能简写成这样：</p><div class="code" style="position:relative; padding:0px; margin:0px;"><div class="code" style="position:relative; padding:0px; margin:0px;"><pre class='brush:php;toolbar:false;'><input :value="haorooms" @input="haorooms= $event.target.value" /></pre><div class="contentsignin">Salin selepas log masuk</div></div><div class="contentsignin">Salin selepas log masuk</div></div><p>也就是说，</p><div class="code" style="position:relative; padding:0px; margin:0px;"><pre class='brush:php;toolbar:false;'><input v-model="haorooms" /></pre><div class="contentsignin">Salin selepas log masuk</div></div><p>也可以写成</p><div class="code" style="position:relative; padding:0px; margin:0px;"><div class="code" style="position:relative; padding:0px; margin:0px;"><pre class='brush:php;toolbar:false;'><input :value="haorooms" @input="haorooms= $event.target.value" /></pre><div class="contentsignin">Salin selepas log masuk</div></div><div class="contentsignin">Salin selepas log masuk</div></div><p><span style="color: #ff0000"><strong>v-model在组件上的使用</strong></span></p><p>回到我们一开始的疑问了？vue中v-model如何进行父子组件的通信？如何在组件中使用呢？假如你理解了我上面的例子，那么，我们就可以很简单的在组件中使用v-model了。</p><p>父组件代码如下：</p><div class="code" style="position:relative; padding:0px; margin:0px;"><pre class='brush:php;toolbar:false;'> <template> <p id="demo"> <test-model v-model="haorooms"></test-model> <span>{{haorooms}}</span> </p> </template> <script> import testModel from 'src/components/testModel' export default { data(){ return{ haorooms: "haorooms" } }, components: { testModel, } } </script> <style lang="scss" scoped> </style></pre><div class="contentsignin">Salin selepas log masuk</div></div><p>子组件代码如下：</p><div class="code" style="position:relative; padding:0px; margin:0px;"><pre class='brush:php;toolbar:false;'><template> <span> <input ref="input" :value="value" @input="$emit('balabala', $event.target.value)" > </span> </template> <script> export default { data(){ return{ } }, props: ["value"], model: { prop: 'value', event: 'balabala' } } </script> <style lang="scss" scoped> </style></pre><div class="contentsignin">Salin selepas log masuk</div></div><p>我们可以通过上面代码，子组件修改父组件v-model绑定的值！</p><p>实现截图如下：</p><p style="text-align: center"><img src="/static/imghw/default1.png" data-src="https://img.php.cn/upload/article/000/000/008/c03843e46bf1b9fba2dd5fa7eb39469c-0.gif" class="lazy" alt=""/></p><p><span style="max-width:90%"><strong>v-model 的缺点和解决办法</strong></span></p><p>在创建类似复选框或者单选框的常见组件时，v-model就不好用了。</p><div class="code" style="position:relative; padding:0px; margin:0px;"><pre class='brush:php;toolbar:false;'><input type="checkbox" v-model="haorooms" /></pre><div class="contentsignin">Salin selepas log masuk</div></div><p>我们可以用如下方式解决：</p><div class="code" style="position:relative; padding:0px; margin:0px;"><pre class='brush:php;toolbar:false;'><input type="checkbox" :checked="status" @change="status = $event.target.checked" /></pre><div class="contentsignin">Salin selepas log masuk</div></div><p>父组件可以如下写：</p><div class="code" style="position:relative; padding:0px; margin:0px;"><pre class='brush:php;toolbar:false;'><my-checkbox v-model="haorooms"></my-checkbox></pre><div class="contentsignin">Salin selepas log masuk</div></div><p>子组件：</p><div class="code" style="position:relative; padding:0px; margin:0px;"><pre class='brush:php;toolbar:false;'><input type="checkbox"  @change="$emit('balabala', $event.target.checked)" :checked="value" /> export default { data(){ return{ } }, props: ['checked'], //这里就不用 value 了，而是 checked model: { prop: 'checked', event: 'balabala' }, }</pre><div class="contentsignin">Salin selepas log masuk</div></div><p>上面是我整理给大家的，希望今后会对大家有帮助。</p> <p>相关文章：</p> <p><a href="http://www.php.cn/js-tutorial-404297.html" target="_blank">使用Javascript如何实现自定义事件机制</a></p> <p><a href="http://www.php.cn/js-tutorial-404295.html" target="_blank">详细解读javascript中map数据结构</a></p> <p><a href="http://www.php.cn/js-tutorial-404293.html" target="_blank">使用Javascript如何开发二维周视图日历</a></p><p>Atas ialah kandungan terperinci 在vue中使用v-model如何实现父子组件通信. 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