css3+js绘制动态时钟（附代码）-tutorial css-php.cn

css3+js绘制动态时钟（附代码）

青灯夜游

Lepaskan： 2018-09-20 12:52:51

asal

6010 orang telah melayarinya

本章给大家介绍如何使用css3与js实现动态时钟效果，有一定的参考价值，有需要的朋友可以参考一下，希望对你有所帮助。

先看看效果图：

首先,思考了一下页面的布局,大致需要4层div,最底层是一个表盘的背景图,然后其余3层分别是时针,分针,秒针的图层.

html代码如下：

<div class="dial">
</div>
<div class="bigdiv bigdiv1" id="secondHand">
    <div class="secondHand"></div>
</div>
<div class="bigdiv bigdiv2" id="minuteHand">
    <div class="minuteHand"></div>
</div>
<div class="bigdiv bigdiv3" id="hourHand">
    <div class="center"></div>
    <div class="hourHand"></div>
</div>

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变量名是随便起的,不要介意; class=center的这个div是表中心那个小黑点.

时针是60*60*60s转一圈, 分针是60*60s转一圈, 秒针是60s转一圈, 所以css代码如下：

.dial{
    width:600px;
    height:600px;
    margin:0 auto;
    position: absolute;
    border-radius: 50%;
    overflow: hidden;
    background-color: rgba(153,50,204,0.2);
    background-image: url(img/表盘.jpg);
    background-size: 100% 100%;
}
.bigdiv{
    width:600px;
    height:600px;
    margin:0 auto;
    position: absolute;
    border-radius: 50%;
    overflow: hidden;
}
.bigdiv>div{
    position: absolute;
    left:298px;
    border-radius: 100px;
}
.bigdiv1{
    animation: moves 60s steps(60) infinite;
}
.bigdiv1 .secondHand{
    width:4px;
    height:250px;
    background-color: red;
    top:50px;
    left:298px;
}
.bigdiv2{
    animation: moves 3600s steps(3600) infinite;
}
.bigdiv2 .minuteHand{
    width:6px;
    height:180px;
    background-color: green;
    top:120px;
    left:297px;
}
.bigdiv3{
    animation: moves 216000s steps(216000) infinite;
}
.bigdiv3 .hourHand{
    width:8px;
    height:160px;
    background-color: orange;
    top:140px;
    left:296px;
    border-radius: 100px;
}
.bigdiv .center{
    top:290px;
    left:290px;
    width:20px;
    height:20px;
    background-color: black;
    z-index: 2;
}
@keyframes moves{
    from{ transform: rotateZ(0deg); }
    to{ transform: rotateZ(360deg); }
}

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这一步做完后效果图是这个样子的:

然后用js计算当前时间,

var date = new Date();
var hours = date.getHours();
var minutes = date.getMinutes();
var seconds = date.getSeconds();

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然后计算当前每个针的旋转角度

var secondAngle = seconds;
var minuteAngle = minutes * 60 + seconds;
var hourAngle = (60/12) * ((hours%12) * 3600 + minuteAngle);

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现在的思路就是:每个针会按照自己定的时间转一圈,初始角度也能知道,怎么组成一个显示当前时间的动态钟表呢?

刚开始的想法是让这3层div旋转对应的角度,然后再开始,后来一想不行,因为它还是固定的时间旋转一周,指针指向会有偏差,

现在需要的是页面进来的第一圈旋转固定角度,其余的按照原来固定的时间旋转一周就行了,

css3里面有一个animation-delay属性,它表示的意思是动画延迟,负数就表示提前开始(比如-5s就表示动画从第5s的时间开始),

刚好可以用到,让这几个指针提前开始对应的角度.

js代码如下：

hourHand.style.cssText = "animation-delay: -"+ hourAngle +"s";
minuteHand.style.cssText = "animation-delay: -"+ minuteAngle +"s";
secondHand.style.cssText = "animation-delay: -"+ secondAngle +"s";

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最后自己再加了个动态时间在钟表的上面展示

完整代码：

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>

	<head>
		<meta charset="UTF-8">
		<title></title>
		<style>
			body,
			html {
				margin: 0;
			}
			
			.location {
				position: relative;
				width: 600px;
				height: 600px;
				left: calc(50% - 300px);
			}
			
			.dial {
				width: 600px;
				height: 600px;
				margin: 0 auto;
				position: absolute;
				border-radius: 50%;
				overflow: hidden;
				background-color: rgba(153, 50, 204, 0.2);
				background-image: url(img/表盘.jpg);
				background-size: 100% 100%;
			}
			
			.bigdiv {
				width: 600px;
				height: 600px;
				margin: 0 auto;
				position: absolute;
				border-radius: 50%;
				overflow: hidden;
			}
			
			.bigdiv>div {
				position: absolute;
				left: 298px;
				border-radius: 100px;
			}
			
			.bigdiv1 {
				animation: moves 60s steps(60) infinite;
			}
			
			.bigdiv1 .secondHand {
				width: 4px;
				height: 250px;
				background-color: red;
				top: 50px;
				left: 298px;
			}
			
			.bigdiv2 {
				animation: moves 3600s steps(3600) infinite;
			}
			
			.bigdiv2 .minuteHand {
				width: 6px;
				height: 180px;
				background-color: green;
				top: 120px;
				left: 297px;
			}
			
			.bigdiv3 {
				animation: moves 216000s steps(216000) infinite;
			}
			
			.bigdiv3 .hourHand {
				width: 8px;
				height: 160px;
				background-color: orange;
				top: 140px;
				left: 296px;
				border-radius: 100px;
			}
			
			.bigdiv .center {
				top: 290px;
				left: 290px;
				width: 20px;
				height: 20px;
				background-color: black;
				z-index: 2;
			}
			
			@keyframes moves {
				from {
					transform: rotateZ(0deg);
				}
				to {
					transform: rotateZ(360deg);
				}
			}
			
			#dateshow {
				text-align: center;
			}
		</style>

	</head>

	<body>
		<h1 id="dateshow"></h1>
		<div class="location">
			<div class="dial"></div>
			<div class="bigdiv bigdiv1" id="secondHand">
				<div class="secondHand"></div>
			</div>
			<div class="bigdiv bigdiv2" id="minuteHand">
				<div class="minuteHand"></div>
			</div>
			<div class="bigdiv bigdiv3" id="hourHand">
				<div class="center"></div>
				<div class="hourHand"></div>
			</div>
		</div>
		<script>
			var dateshow = document.getElementById("dateshow");
			var clock = {
				weeks: ["一", "二", "三", "四", "五", "六", "日"],
				getDate: function() {
					date = new Date();
					year = date.getFullYear();
					month = date.getMonth() + 1;
					day = date.getDate();
					hours = date.getHours();
					minutes = date.getMinutes();
					seconds = date.getSeconds();
					week = date.getDay(); // 星期
					dateText = year + "年" + month + "月" + clock.format(day) + "日 星期" + clock.formatnum(week) + " " +
						clock.format(hours) + ":" + clock.format(minutes) + ":" + clock.format(seconds);
					return dateText;
				},
				format: function(data) {
					if(data.toString().length == 1) {
						data = "0" + data;
					};
					return data;
				},
				formatnum: function(num) {
					return clock.weeks[num - 1];
				},
				showdate: function() {
					dateshow.innerText = clock.getDate();
				},
				go: function() {
					var secondHand = document.getElementById("secondHand");
					var minuteHand = document.getElementById("minuteHand");
					var hourHand = document.getElementById("hourHand");
					date = new Date();
					hours = date.getHours();
					minutes = date.getMinutes();
					seconds = date.getSeconds();
					var secondAngle = seconds;
					var minuteAngle = minutes * 60 + seconds;
					var hourAngle = (60 / 12) * ((hours % 12) * 3600 + minuteAngle);
					hourHand.style.cssText = "animation-delay: -" + hourAngle + "s";
					minuteHand.style.cssText = "animation-delay: -" + minuteAngle + "s";
					secondHand.style.cssText = "animation-delay: -" + secondAngle + "s";
				}

			}
			clock.go();
			clock.showdate();
			setInterval("clock.showdate()", 1000);
		</script>
	</body>

</html>

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