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PHP操作Redis数据库常用方法(总结)

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Lepaskan: 2023-04-08 10:28:02
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PHP操作Redis数据库常用方法(总结)

Redis是一个开源的使用ANSI C语言编写、支持网络、可基于内存亦可持久化的日志型、Key-Value数据库,并提供多种语言的API。

Redis支持的数据类型有 Stirng(字符串), List(列表), Hash(字典), Set(集合), Sorted Set(有序集合);

 

要让php能用上redis,首先就得安装redis扩展。

1.安装redis

git下载地址

https://github.com/MSOpenTech/redis/releases

2.测试redis

windows 运行(快捷键:windows键+R键),输入【cmd】命令,进入DOC操作系统窗口;

进入redis安装目录使用命令

2.1开启redis守护进程(进入redis安装目录)

redis-server.exe redis-windows-conf
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2.2进入redis客户端(进入redis安装目录)

redis-cli.exe
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3.安装php的redis扩展

下载地址

https://pecl.php.net/package/redis

根据phpinfo()信息选择适当的redis扩展压缩包

4.将redis扩展包的php_redis.dll和php_redis.pdb两个文件放在ext文件夹

5.修改php.ini文件

extension=php_redis.dll
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6.验证是否开启redis扩展

查看phpinfo()信息,搜索redis

7.php连接并测试redis数据库(记得开启redis服务)

新建test.php

<?php
 $redis = new Redis();
 $redis->connect(&#39;127.0.0.1&#39;,6379); 
 $redis->set(&#39;name&#39;,&#39;klc&#39;);
 echo $redis->get(&#39;name&#39;);
?>
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对数据类型的操作

Strng(字符串):

<?php

// 设置一个字符串的值
$redis->set(&#39;cat&#39;, 111);
//获取一个字符串的值
echo $redis->get(&#39;cat&#39;); // 111
// 重复set
$redis->set(&#39;cat&#39;, 222);
echo $redis->get(&#39;cat&#39;); // 222
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List(列表):

//列表
//存储数据到列表中
$redis->lpush(&#39;list&#39;, &#39;html&#39;);
$redis->lpush(&#39;list&#39;, &#39;css&#39;);
$redis->lpush(&#39;list&#39;, &#39;php&#39;);
//获取列表中所有的值
$list = $redis->lrange(&#39;list&#39;, 0, -1);
print_r($list);echo &#39;<br>&#39;; 
//从右侧加入一个
$redis->rpush(&#39;list&#39;, &#39;mysql&#39;);
$list = $redis->lrange(&#39;list&#39;, 0, -1);
print_r($list);echo &#39;<br>&#39;;
//从左侧弹出一个
$redis->lpop(&#39;list&#39;);
$list = $redis->lrange(&#39;list&#39;, 0, -1);
print_r($list);echo &#39;<br>&#39;;
//从右侧弹出一个
$redis->rpop(&#39;list&#39;);
$list = $redis->lrange(&#39;list&#39;, 0, -1);
print_r($list);echo &#39;<br>&#39;;
// 结果
// Array ( [0] => php [1] => css [2] => html )
// Array ( [0] => php [1] => css [2] => html [3] => mysql )
// Array ( [0] => css [1] => html [2] => mysql )
// Array ( [0] => css [1] => html )
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<?php
  //实例化redis
  $redis = new Redis();
  //连接
  $redis->connect(&#39;127.0.0.1&#39;, 6379);
  //列表
  //存储数据到列表中
  $redis->lpush(&#39;list&#39;, &#39;html&#39;);
  $redis->lpush(&#39;list&#39;, &#39;css&#39;);
  $redis->lpush(&#39;list&#39;, &#39;php&#39;);
  $redis->lpush(&#39;list&#39;, &#39;mysql&#39;);
  $redis->lpush(&#39;list&#39;, &#39;javascript&#39;);
  $redis->lpush(&#39;list&#39;, &#39;ajax&#39;);
  //获取列表中所有的值
  $list = $redis->lrange(&#39;list&#39;, 0, -1);
  print_r($list);echo &#39;<br>&#39;; 
  //获取列表的长度
  $length = $redis->lsize(&#39;list&#39;);
  echo $length;echo &#39;<br>&#39;;
  //返回列表key中index位置的值
  echo $redis->lget(&#39;list&#39;, 2);echo &#39;<br>&#39;;
  echo $redis->lindex(&#39;list&#39;, 2);echo &#39;<br>&#39;;
  //设置列表中index位置的值
  echo $redis->lset(&#39;list&#39;, 2, &#39;linux&#39;);echo &#39;<br>&#39;;
  $list = $redis->lrange(&#39;list&#39;, 0, -1);
  print_r($list);echo &#39;<br>&#39;;
  //返回key中从start到end位置间的元素
  $list = $redis->lrange(&#39;list&#39;, 0, 2);
  print_r($list);echo &#39;<br>&#39;;
  $list = $redis->lgetrange(&#39;list&#39;, 0, 2);
  print_r($list);echo &#39;<br>&#39;;
  //截取链表中start到end的元素
//截取列表后列表发生变化,列表保留截取的元素,其余的删除
  $list = $redis->ltrim(&#39;list&#39;, 0, 1);
  print_r($list);echo &#39;<br>&#39;;
  $list = $redis->lrange(&#39;list&#39;, 0, -1);
  print_r($list);echo &#39;<br>&#39;;
  // 结果
  // Array ( [0] => ajax [1] => javascript [2] => mysql [3] => php [4] => css [5] => html )
  // 6
  // mysql
  // mysql
  // 1
  // Array ( [0] => ajax [1] => javascript [2] => linux [3] => php [4] => css [5] => html )
  // Array ( [0] => ajax [1] => javascript [2] => linux )
  // Array ( [0] => ajax [1] => javascript [2] => linux )
  // 1
  // Array ( [0] => ajax [1] => javascript )
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<?php
  //实例化redis
  $redis = new Redis();
  //连接
  $redis->connect(&#39;127.0.0.1&#39;, 6379);
  //列表
  //存储数据到列表中
  $redis->lpush(&#39;list&#39;, &#39;html&#39;);
  $redis->lpush(&#39;list&#39;, &#39;html&#39;);
  $redis->lpush(&#39;list&#39;, &#39;html&#39;);
  $redis->lpush(&#39;list&#39;, &#39;css&#39;);
  $redis->lpush(&#39;list&#39;, &#39;php&#39;);
  $redis->lpush(&#39;list&#39;, &#39;mysql&#39;);
  $redis->lpush(&#39;list&#39;, &#39;javascript&#39;);
  $redis->lpush(&#39;list&#39;, &#39;html&#39;);
  $redis->lpush(&#39;list&#39;, &#39;html&#39;);
  $redis->lpush(&#39;list&#39;, &#39;html&#39;);
  $redis->lpush(&#39;list&#39;, &#39;ajax&#39;);
  //获取列表中所有的值
  $list = $redis->lrange(&#39;list&#39;, 0, -1);
  print_r($list);echo &#39;<br>&#39;; 
  //删除列表中count个值为value的元素
  //从左向右删
  $redis->lrem(&#39;list&#39;, &#39;html&#39;, 2);
  $list = $redis->lrange(&#39;list&#39;, 0, -1);
  print_r($list);echo &#39;<br>&#39;; 
  //从右向左删
  $redis->lrem(&#39;list&#39;, &#39;html&#39;, -2);
  $list = $redis->lrange(&#39;list&#39;, 0, -1);
  print_r($list);echo &#39;<br>&#39;; 
  //删除所有
  $redis->lrem(&#39;list&#39;, &#39;html&#39;, 0);
  $list = $redis->lrange(&#39;list&#39;, 0, -1);
  print_r($list);echo &#39;<br>&#39;;
  // 结果
  // Array ( [0] => ajax [1] => html [2] => html [3] => html [4] => javascript [5] => mysql [6] => php [7] => css [8] => html [9] => html [10] => html )
  // Array ( [0] => ajax [1] => html [2] => javascript [3] => mysql [4] => php [5] => css [6] => html [7] => html [8] => html )
  // Array ( [0] => ajax [1] => html [2] => javascript [3] => mysql [4] => php [5] => css [6] => html )
  // Array ( [0] => ajax [1] => javascript [2] => mysql [3] => php [4] => css )
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Hash(字典):

<?php
  //实例化redis
  $redis = new Redis();
  //连接
  $redis->connect(&#39;127.0.0.1&#39;, 6379);
  //字典
  //给hash表中某个key设置value
  //如果没有则设置成功,返回1,如果存在会替换原有的值,返回0,失败返回0
  echo $redis->hset(&#39;hash&#39;, &#39;cat&#39;, &#39;cat&#39;);echo &#39;<br>&#39;;
  echo $redis->hset(&#39;hash&#39;, &#39;cat&#39;, &#39;cat&#39;);echo &#39;<br>&#39;;
  echo $redis->hset(&#39;hash&#39;, &#39;cat&#39;, &#39;cat1&#39;);echo &#39;<br>&#39;;
  echo $redis->hset(&#39;hash&#39;, &#39;dog&#39;, &#39;dog&#39;);echo &#39;<br>&#39;;
  echo $redis->hset(&#39;hash&#39;, &#39;bird&#39;, &#39;bird&#39;);echo &#39;<br>&#39;;
  echo $redis->hset(&#39;hash&#39;, &#39;monkey&#39;, &#39;monkey&#39;);echo &#39;<br>&#39;;
  //获取hash中某个key的值
  echo $redis->hget(&#39;hash&#39;, &#39;cat&#39;);echo &#39;<br>&#39;;
  //获取hash中所有的keys
  $arr = $redis->hkeys(&#39;hash&#39;);
  print_r($arr);echo &#39;<br>&#39;;
  //获取hash中所有的值 顺序是随机的
  $arr = $redis->hvals(&#39;hash&#39;);
  print_r($arr);echo &#39;<br>&#39;;
  //获取一个hash中所有的key和value 顺序是随机的
  $arr = $redis->hgetall(&#39;hash&#39;);
  print_r($arr);echo &#39;<br>&#39;;
  //获取hash中key的数量
  echo $redis->hlen(&#39;hash&#39;);echo &#39;<br>&#39;;
  //删除hash中一个key 如果表不存在或key不存在则返回false
  echo $redis->hdel(&#39;hash&#39;, &#39;dog&#39;);echo &#39;<br>&#39;;
  var_dump($redis->hdel(&#39;hash&#39;, &#39;rabbit&#39;));echo &#39;<br>&#39;;
  // 结果
  // 1
  // 0
  // 0
  // 1
  // 1
  // 1
  // cat1
  // Array ( [0] => cat [1] => dog [2] => bird [3] => monkey )
  // Array ( [0] => cat1 [1] => dog [2] => bird [3] => monkey )
  // Array ( [cat] => cat1 [dog] => dog [bird] => bird [monkey] => monkey )
  // 4
  // 1
  // int(0)
 

<?php
  //实例化redis
  $redis = new Redis();
  //连接
  $redis->connect(&#39;127.0.0.1&#39;, 6379);
  //字典
  //批量设置多个key的值
  $arr = [1=>1, 2=>2, 3=>3, 4=>4, 5=>5];
  $redis->hmset(&#39;hash&#39;, $arr);
  print_r($redis->hgetall(&#39;hash&#39;));echo &#39;<br>&#39;;
  // 批量获得额多个key的值
  $arr = [1, 2, 3, 5];
  $hash = $redis->hmget(&#39;hash&#39;, $arr);
  print_r($hash);echo &#39;<br>&#39;;
  //检测hash中某个key知否存在
  echo $redis->hexists(&#39;hash&#39;, &#39;1&#39;);echo &#39;<br>&#39;;
  var_dump($redis->hexists(&#39;hash&#39;, &#39;cat&#39;));echo &#39;<br>&#39;;
  print_r($redis->hgetall(&#39;hash&#39;));echo &#39;<br>&#39;;
  //给hash表中key增加一个整数值
  $redis->hincrby(&#39;hash&#39;, &#39;1&#39;, 1);
  print_r($redis->hgetall(&#39;hash&#39;));echo &#39;<br>&#39;;
  //给hash中的某个key增加一个浮点值
  $redis->hincrbyfloat(&#39;hash&#39;, 2, 1.3);
  print_r($redis->hgetall(&#39;hash&#39;));echo &#39;<br>&#39;;
  //结果
  // Array ( [1] => 1 [2] => 2 [3] => 3 [4] => 4 [5] => 5 )
  // Array ( [1] => 1 [2] => 2 [3] => 3 [5] => 5 )
  // 1
  // bool(false)
  // Array ( [1] => 1 [2] => 2 [3] => 3 [4] => 4 [5] => 5 )
  // Array ( [1] => 2 [2] => 2 [3] => 3 [4] => 4 [5] => 5 )
  // Array ( [1] => 2 [2] => 3.3 [3] => 3 [4] => 4 [5] => 5 )
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Set(集合):

<?php
  //实例化redis
  $redis = new Redis();
  //连接
  $redis->connect(&#39;127.0.0.1&#39;, 6379);
  //集合
  // 添加一个元素
  echo $redis->sadd(&#39;set&#39;, &#39;cat&#39;);echo &#39;<br>&#39;;
  echo $redis->sadd(&#39;set&#39;, &#39;cat&#39;);echo &#39;<br>&#39;;
  echo $redis->sadd(&#39;set&#39;, &#39;dog&#39;);echo &#39;<br>&#39;;
  echo $redis->sadd(&#39;set&#39;, &#39;rabbit&#39;);echo &#39;<br>&#39;;
  echo $redis->sadd(&#39;set&#39;, &#39;bear&#39;);echo &#39;<br>&#39;;
  echo $redis->sadd(&#39;set&#39;, &#39;horse&#39;);echo &#39;<br>&#39;;
  // 查看集合中所有的元素
  $set = $redis->smembers(&#39;set&#39;);
  print_r($set);echo &#39;<br>&#39;;
  //删除集合中的value
  echo $redis->srem(&#39;set&#39;, &#39;cat&#39;);echo &#39;<br>&#39;;
  var_dump($redis->srem(&#39;set&#39;, &#39;bird&#39;));echo &#39;<br>&#39;;
  $set = $redis->smembers(&#39;set&#39;);
  print_r($set);echo &#39;<br>&#39;;
  //判断元素是否是set的成员
  var_dump($redis->sismember(&#39;set&#39;, &#39;dog&#39;));echo &#39;<br>&#39;;
  var_dump($redis->sismember(&#39;set&#39;, &#39;bird&#39;));echo &#39;<br>&#39;;
  //查看集合中成员的数量
  echo $redis->scard(&#39;set&#39;);echo &#39;<br>&#39;;
  //移除并返回集合中的一个随机元素(返回被移除的元素)
  echo $redis->spop(&#39;set&#39;);echo &#39;<br>&#39;;
  print_r($redis->smembers(&#39;set&#39;));echo &#39;<br>&#39;;
  // 结果
  // 1
  // 0
  // 1
  // 1
  // 1
  // 1
  // Array ( [0] => rabbit [1] => cat [2] => bear [3] => dog [4] => horse )
  // 1
  // int(0)
  // Array ( [0] => dog [1] => rabbit [2] => horse [3] => bear )
  // bool(true)
  // bool(false)
  // 4
  // bear
  // Array ( [0] => dog [1] => rabbit [2] => horse )
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<?php
  //实例化redis
  $redis = new Redis();
  //连接
  $redis->connect(&#39;127.0.0.1&#39;, 6379);
  //集合
  $redis->sadd(&#39;set&#39;, &#39;horse&#39;);
  $redis->sadd(&#39;set&#39;, &#39;cat&#39;);
  $redis->sadd(&#39;set&#39;, &#39;dog&#39;);
  $redis->sadd(&#39;set&#39;, &#39;bird&#39;);
  $redis->sadd(&#39;set2&#39;, &#39;fish&#39;);
  $redis->sadd(&#39;set2&#39;, &#39;dog&#39;);
  $redis->sadd(&#39;set2&#39;, &#39;bird&#39;);
  print_r($redis->smembers(&#39;set&#39;));echo &#39;<br>&#39;;
  print_r($redis->smembers(&#39;set2&#39;));echo &#39;<br>&#39;;
  //返回集合的交集
  print_r($redis->sinter(&#39;set&#39;, &#39;set2&#39;));echo &#39;<br>&#39;;
  //执行交集操作 并结果放到一个集合中
  $redis->sinterstore(&#39;output&#39;, &#39;set&#39;, &#39;set2&#39;);
  print_r($redis->smembers(&#39;output&#39;));echo &#39;<br>&#39;;
  //返回集合的并集
  print_r($redis->sunion(&#39;set&#39;, &#39;set2&#39;));echo &#39;<br>&#39;;
  //执行并集操作 并结果放到一个集合中
  $redis->sunionstore(&#39;output&#39;, &#39;set&#39;, &#39;set2&#39;);
  print_r($redis->smembers(&#39;output&#39;));echo &#39;<br>&#39;;
  //返回集合的差集
  print_r($redis->sdiff(&#39;set&#39;, &#39;set2&#39;));echo &#39;<br>&#39;;
  //执行差集操作 并结果放到一个集合中
  $redis->sdiffstore(&#39;output&#39;, &#39;set&#39;, &#39;set2&#39;);
  print_r($redis->smembers(&#39;output&#39;));echo &#39;<br>&#39;;
  // 结果
  // Array ( [0] => cat [1] => dog [2] => bird [3] => horse )
  // Array ( [0] => bird [1] => dog [2] => fish )
  // Array ( [0] => bird [1] => dog )
  // Array ( [0] => dog [1] => bird )
  // Array ( [0] => cat [1] => dog [2] => bird [3] => horse [4] => fish )
  // Array ( [0] => cat [1] => dog [2] => bird [3] => horse [4] => fish )
  // Array ( [0] => horse [1] => cat )
  // Array ( [0] => horse [1] => cat )
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Sorted Set(有序集合):

<?php
  //实例化redis
  $redis = new Redis();
  //连接
  $redis->connect(&#39;127.0.0.1&#39;, 6379);
  //有序集合
  //添加元素
  echo $redis->zadd(&#39;set&#39;, 1, &#39;cat&#39;);echo &#39;<br>&#39;;
  echo $redis->zadd(&#39;set&#39;, 2, &#39;dog&#39;);echo &#39;<br>&#39;;
  echo $redis->zadd(&#39;set&#39;, 3, &#39;fish&#39;);echo &#39;<br>&#39;;
  echo $redis->zadd(&#39;set&#39;, 4, &#39;dog&#39;);echo &#39;<br>&#39;;
  echo $redis->zadd(&#39;set&#39;, 4, &#39;bird&#39;);echo &#39;<br>&#39;;
  //返回集合中的所有元素
  print_r($redis->zrange(&#39;set&#39;, 0, -1));echo &#39;<br>&#39;;
  print_r($redis->zrange(&#39;set&#39;, 0, -1, true));echo &#39;<br>&#39;;
  //返回元素的score值
  echo $redis->zscore(&#39;set&#39;, &#39;dog&#39;);echo &#39;<br>&#39;;
  //返回存储的个数
  echo $redis->zcard(&#39;set&#39;);echo &#39;<br>&#39;;
  //删除指定成员
  $redis->zrem(&#39;set&#39;, &#39;cat&#39;);
  print_r($redis->zrange(&#39;set&#39;, 0, -1));echo &#39;<br>&#39;;
  //返回集合中介于min和max之间的值的个数
  print_r($redis->zcount(&#39;set&#39;, 3, 5));echo &#39;<br>&#39;;
  //返回有序集合中score介于min和max之间的值
  print_r($redis->zrangebyscore(&#39;set&#39;, 3, 5));echo &#39;<br>&#39;;
  print_r($redis->zrangebyscore(&#39;set&#39;, 3, 5, [&#39;withscores&#39;=>true]));echo &#39;<br>&#39;;
  //返回集合中指定区间内所有的值
  print_r($redis->zrevrange(&#39;set&#39;, 1, 2));echo &#39;<br>&#39;;
  print_r($redis->zrevrange(&#39;set&#39;, 1, 2, true));echo &#39;<br>&#39;;
  //有序集合中指定值的socre增加
  echo $redis->zscore(&#39;set&#39;, &#39;dog&#39;);echo &#39;<br>&#39;;
  $redis->zincrby(&#39;set&#39;, 2, &#39;dog&#39;);
  echo $redis->zscore(&#39;set&#39;, &#39;dog&#39;);echo &#39;<br>&#39;;
  //移除score值介于min和max之间的元素
  print_r($redis->zrange(&#39;set&#39;, 0, -1, true));echo &#39;<br>&#39;;
  print_r($redis->zremrangebyscore(&#39;set&#39;, 3, 4));echo &#39;<br>&#39;;
  print_r($redis->zrange(&#39;set&#39;, 0, -1, true));echo &#39;<br>&#39;;
  //结果
  // 1
  // 0
  // 0
  // 0
  // 0
  // Array ( [0] => cat [1] => fish [2] => bird [3] => dog )
  // Array ( [cat] => 1 [fish] => 3 [bird] => 4 [dog] => 4 )
  // 4
  // 4
  // Array ( [0] => fish [1] => bird [2] => dog )
  // 3
  // Array ( [0] => fish [1] => bird [2] => dog )
  // Array ( [fish] => 3 [bird] => 4 [dog] => 4 )
  // Array ( [0] => bird [1] => fish )
  // Array ( [bird] => 4 [fish] => 3 )
  // 4
  // 6
  // Array ( [fish] => 3 [bird] => 4 [dog] => 6 )
  // 2
  // Array ( [dog] => 6 )
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