(1) Apakah itu permainan 24 mata
Permainan catur dan teka-teki kad yang memerlukan keputusan bersamaan dengan dua puluh empat
(2) Peraturan permainan
Pilih 4 nombor (1--10) secara rawak dan gunakan penambahan, penolakan, pendaraban dan pembahagian (tanda kurung boleh ditambah) untuk mengira nombor hingga 24. Setiap nombor mesti digunakan sekali dan sekali sahaja. "Mengira 24 mata" ialah permainan intelektual yang melatih pemikiran Anda juga harus memberi perhatian kepada isu teknikal dalam pengiraan. Apabila mengira, adalah mustahil untuk kita mencuba kombinasi yang berbeza dari empat nombor pada kad, apatah lagi kombinasi rawak.
Contoh: 3, 8, 8, 9
Jawapan: 3×8÷(9-8)=24
1. Tentukan bahagian kod permainan ini dalam fail permainan.py huruf kecil
''' 定义游戏 ''' import copy import random import pygame ''' Function: 卡片类 Initial Args: --x,y: 左上角坐标 --width: 宽 --height: 高 --text: 文本 --font: [字体路径, 字体大小] --font_colors(list): 字体颜色 --bg_colors(list): 背景色 ''' class Card(pygame.sprite.Sprite): def __init__(self, x, y, width, height, text, font, font_colors, bg_colors, attribute, **kwargs): pygame.sprite.Sprite.__init__(self) self.rect = pygame.Rect(x, y, width, height) self.text = text self.attribute = attribute self.font_info = font self.font = pygame.font.Font(font[0], font[1]) self.font_colors = font_colors self.is_selected = False self.select_order = None self.bg_colors = bg_colors '''画到屏幕上''' def draw(self, screen, mouse_pos): pygame.draw.rect(screen, self.bg_colors[1], self.rect, 0) if self.rect.collidepoint(mouse_pos): pygame.draw.rect(screen, self.bg_colors[0], self.rect, 0) font_color = self.font_colors[self.is_selected] text_render = self.font.render(self.text, True, font_color) font_size = self.font.size(self.text) screen.blit(text_render, (self.rect.x+(self.rect.width-font_size[0])/2, self.rect.y+(self.rect.height-font_size[1])/2)) '''按钮类''' class Button(Card): def __init__(self, x, y, width, height, text, font, font_colors, bg_colors, attribute, **kwargs): Card.__init__(self, x, y, width, height, text, font, font_colors, bg_colors, attribute) '''根据button function执行响应操作''' def do(self, game24_gen, func, sprites_group, objs): if self.attribute == 'NEXT': for obj in objs: obj.font = pygame.font.Font(obj.font_info[0], obj.font_info[1]) obj.text = obj.attribute self.font = pygame.font.Font(self.font_info[0], self.font_info[1]) self.text = self.attribute game24_gen.generate() sprites_group = func(game24_gen.numbers_now) elif self.attribute == 'RESET': for obj in objs: obj.font = pygame.font.Font(obj.font_info[0], obj.font_info[1]) obj.text = obj.attribute game24_gen.numbers_now = game24_gen.numbers_ori game24_gen.answers_idx = 0 sprites_group = func(game24_gen.numbers_now) elif self.attribute == 'ANSWERS': self.font = pygame.font.Font(self.font_info[0], 20) self.text = '[%d/%d]: ' % (game24_gen.answers_idx+1, len(game24_gen.answers)) + game24_gen.answers[game24_gen.answers_idx] game24_gen.answers_idx = (game24_gen.answers_idx+1) % len(game24_gen.answers) else: raise ValueError('Button.attribute unsupport %s, expect %s, %s or %s...' % (self.attribute, 'NEXT', 'RESET', 'ANSWERS')) return sprites_group '''24点游戏生成器''' class game24Generator(): def __init__(self): self.info = 'game24Generator' '''生成器''' def generate(self): self.__reset() while True: self.numbers_ori = [random.randint(1, 10) for i in range(4)] self.numbers_now = copy.deepcopy(self.numbers_ori) self.answers = self.__verify() if self.answers: break '''只剩下一个数字时检查是否为24''' def check(self): if len(self.numbers_now) == 1 and float(self.numbers_now[0]) == self.target: return True return False '''重置''' def __reset(self): self.answers = [] self.numbers_ori = [] self.numbers_now = [] self.target = 24. self.answers_idx = 0 '''验证生成的数字是否有答案''' def __verify(self): answers = [] for item in self.__iter(self.numbers_ori, len(self.numbers_ori)): item_dict = [] list(map(lambda i: item_dict.append({str(i): i}), item)) solution1 = self.__func(self.__func(self.__func(item_dict[0], item_dict[1]), item_dict[2]), item_dict[3]) solution2 = self.__func(self.__func(item_dict[0], item_dict[1]), self.__func(item_dict[2], item_dict[3])) solution = dict() solution.update(solution1) solution.update(solution2) for key, value in solution.items(): if float(value) == self.target: answers.append(key) # 避免有数字重复时表达式重复(T_T懒得优化了) answers = list(set(answers)) return answers '''递归枚举''' def __iter(self, items, n): for idx, item in enumerate(items): if n == 1: yield [item] else: for each in self.__iter(items[:idx]+items[idx+1:], n-1): yield [item] + each '''计算函数''' def __func(self, a, b): res = dict() for key1, value1 in a.items(): for key2, value2 in b.items(): res.update({'('+key1+'+'+key2+')': value1+value2}) res.update({'('+key1+'-'+key2+')': value1-value2}) res.update({'('+key2+'-'+key1+')': value2-value1}) res.update({'('+key1+'×'+key2+')': value1*value2}) value2 > 0 and res.update({'('+key1+'÷'+key2+')': value1/value2}) value1 > 0 and res.update({'('+key2+'÷'+key1+')': value2/value1}) return res
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