Advanced Message Queuing Protocol (AMQP) ialah protokol berwayar neutral platform untuk perisian tengah mesej. Projek Spring AMQP menggunakan konsep Spring teras untuk pembangunan penyelesaian pemesejan berasaskan AMQP. Spring Boot menyediakan beberapa kemudahan untuk bekerja dengan AMQP melalui RabbitMQ, termasuk spring-boot-starter-amqp "Starter".
Sangat mudah untuk menyepadukan RabbitMQ dengan springboot Jika anda hanya menggunakannya dengan konfigurasi yang sangat sedikit, springboot menyediakan pelbagai sokongan untuk mesej dalam projek spring-boot-starter-amqp.
<dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-amqp</artifactId> </dependency>
RabbitMQ ialah broker mesej yang ringan, boleh dipercayai, berskala dan mudah alih berdasarkan protokol AMQP. Spring menggunakan RabbitMQ untuk berkomunikasi melalui protokol AMQP.
Konfigurasi RabbitMQ dikawal oleh sifat konfigurasi luaran spring.rabbitmq.*. Sebagai contoh, anda boleh mengisytiharkan application.properties berikut dalam bahagian berikut:
spring.rabbitmq.host = localhost spring.rabbitmq.port = 5672 spring.rabbitmq.username = guest spring.rabbitmq.password
package com.example.rabbitmqdemo.config;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.Queue;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
/**
* RabbitMQ 配置类
*
* @author itguang
* @create
@Configuration
public class RabbitConfig
@Bean
public Queue queue(){
return new Queue("hello");
}
}package com.example.rabbitmqdemo.rabbitmq;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.AmqpTemplate;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import java.time.LocalDate;
import java.time.LocalDateTime;
import java.time.LocalTime;
import java.util.Date;
/**
* 消息发送者
*
* @author itguang
* @create
@Component
public class HelloSender
@Autowired
private AmqpTemplate amqpTemplate;
public void send(){
String context = "hello----"+LocalDateTime.now();
System.out.println("send:"+context);
//往名称为 hello 的queue中发送消息
this.amqpTemplate.convertAndSend("hello",context);
}
}package com.example.rabbitmqdemo.rabbitmq;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.RabbitHandler;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.RabbitListener;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
/**
* 消息接受者
*
* @author itguang
* @create
@Component
@RabbitListener(queues = "hello") //监听 名称为 hello 的queue
public class HelloReceiver
//消息处理器
@RabbitHandler
public void process(String message){
System.out.println("Receiver:"+message);
}
}package com.example.rabbitmqdemo;
import com.example.rabbitmqdemo.rabbitmq.HelloSender;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringRunner;
@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest
public class RabbitmqdemoApplicationTests
@Autowired
HelloSender helloSender;
@Test
public void contextLoads() {
helloSender.send();
}
}send:hello----2018-04-21T11:29:47.739 Receiver:hello----2018-04-21T11:29:47.739
package com.example.rabbitmqdemo.config;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.Queue;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
/**
* RabbitMQ 配置类
*
* @author itguang
* @create
@Configuration
public class RabbitConfig
@Bean
public Queue queue(){
return new Queue("hello");
}
@Bean
public Queue queue2(){
return new Queue("hello2");
}
}package com.example.rabbitmqdemo.rabbitmq;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.AmqpTemplate;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import java.time.LocalDate;
import java.time.LocalDateTime;
import java.time.LocalTime;
import java.util.Date;
/**
* 消息发送者
*
* @author itguang
* @create
@Component
public class HelloSender
@Autowired
private AmqpTemplate amqpTemplate;
public void send(){
String context = "hello----"+LocalDateTime.now();
System.out.println("send:"+context);
this.amqpTemplate.convertAndSend("hello",context);
}
//给hello2发送消息,并接受一个计数参数
public void send2(int i){
String context = i+"";
System.out.println(context+"--send:");
this.amqpTemplate.convertAndSend("hello2",context);
}
}@Component
@RabbitListener(queues = "hello2")
public class HelloReceiver1
@RabbitHandler
public void process(String message){
System.out.println("Receiver1:"+message);
}
}@Component
@RabbitListener(queues = "hello2")
public class HelloReceiver2
@RabbitHandler
public void process(String message){
System.out.println("Receiver2:"+message);
}
}@Test
public void manyReceiver(){
for (int i=0;i<100;i++){
helloSender.send2(i);
}
} Kesimpulan:
Many-to-many: berbilang penghantar Untuk berbilang penerima. kita boleh menyuntik dua penghantar dan meletakkannya dalam gelung, seperti berikut:Satu pengirim, N penerima Selepas ujian, mesej akan dihantar ke N penerima secara sekata
0--send: 1--send: 2--send: 3--send: 4--send: ...(省略) 58--send: 59--send: 60--send: 61--send: 62--send: 63--send: Receiver2:1 Receiver1:0 64--send: 65--send: Receiver1:2 Receiver2:3 66--send: Receiver1:4 Receiver2:5 ...(省略)
@Test
public void many2many(){
for (int i=0;i<100;i++){
helloSender.send2(i);
helloSender2.send2(i);
}
}Kesimpulan: Sama seperti satu-ke-banyak, penghujung penerima masih akan menerima mesej secara sama rataMenghantar objekMula-mula kami mencipta pengguna objek kelas entiti dan ambil perhatian bahawa antara muka Serializable mestilah dilaksanakan.
0--send: 0--send: 1--send: 1--send: 2--send: 2--send: 3--send: 3--send: ...(省略) 22--send: 22--send: 23--send: 23--send: 24--send: 24--send: Receiver2:0 25--send: 25--send: Receiver2:1 26--send: Receiver2:2 26--send: Receiver2:3 27--send: Receiver1:0 27--send: Receiver2:4 Receiver1:1 28--send: Receiver2:5 Receiver1:2 28--send: Receiver2:6 Receiver1:3 29--send: Receiver2:7 Receiver1:4 29--send: Receiver2:8 Receiver1:5 30--send: Receiver2:9 Receiver1:6 30--send: 31--send: 31--send: 32--send: 32--send:
object_queue
package com.example.rabbitmqdemo.pojo;
import java.io.Serializable;
/**
* @author itguang
* @create
public class User implements Serializable
private String username;
private String password;
public User(String username, String password) {
this.username = username;
this.password = password;
}
public String getUsername() {
return username;
}
public void setUsername(String username) {
this.username = username;
}
public String getPassword() {
return password;
}
public void setPassword(String password) {
this.password = password;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "User{" +
"username='" + username + '\'' +
", password='" + password + '\'' +
'}';
}
}@Bean
public Queue queue3(){
return new Queue("object_queue");
}@Component
public class ObjectSender
@Autowired
AmqpTemplate amqpTemplate;
public void sendUser(User user){
System.out.println("Send object:"+user.toString());
this.amqpTemplate.convertAndSend("object_queue",user);
}
}@Component
@RabbitListener(queues = "object_queue")
public class ObjectReceiver
@RabbitHandler
public void objectReceiver(User user){
System.out.println("Receiver object:"+user.toString());
}
}topik ialah kaedah paling fleksibel dalam RabbitMQ, dan boleh terikat secara bebas kepada topik berbeza berdasarkan routing_key Baris gilir
Mula-mula konfigurasikan peraturan topik Di sini dua baris gilir digunakan untuk mengujiSend object:User{username='李增光', password='666666'}
Receiver object:User{username='李增光', password='666666'}package com.example.rabbitmqdemo.config;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.Binding;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.BindingBuilder;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.Queue;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.TopicExchange;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
/**
* @author itguang
* @create
@Configuration
public class TopicRabbitConfig
final static String message = "topic.message";
final static String messages = "topic.messages";
//创建两个 Queue
@Bean
public Queue queueMessage(){
return new Queue(TopicRabbitConfig.message);
}
@Bean
public Queue queueMessages(){
return new Queue(TopicRabbitConfig.messages);
}
//配置 TopicExchange,指定名称为 topicExchange
@Bean
public TopicExchange exchange(){
return new TopicExchange("topicExchange");
}
//给队列绑定 exchange 和 routing_key
@Bean
public Binding bindingExchangeMessage(Queue queueMessage, TopicExchange exchange){
return BindingBuilder.bind(queueMessage).to(exchange).with("topic.message");
}
@Bean
public Binding bingingExchangeMessages(Queue queueMessages,TopicExchange exchange){
return BindingBuilder.bind(queueMessages).to(exchange).with("topic.#");
}
}package com.example.rabbitmqdemo.topic;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.AmqpTemplate;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
/**
* @author itguang
* @create
@Component
public class TopicSender
@Autowired
AmqpTemplate amqpTemplate;
public void send1(){
String context = "hi, i am message 1";
System.out.println("Sender : " + context);
amqpTemplate.convertAndSend("topicExchange","topic.message",context);
}
public void send2() {
String context = "hi, i am messages 2";
System.out.println("Sender : " + context);
amqpTemplate.convertAndSend("topicExchange", "topic.messages", context);
}
}package com.example.rabbitmqdemo.topic;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.RabbitHandler;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.RabbitListener;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
/**
* @author itguang
* @create
@Component
@RabbitListener(queues = "topic.message")
public class TopicReceiver1
@RabbitHandler
public void process(String message){
System.out.println("Receiver topic.message :"+ message);
}
}Menghantar hantar1 akan sepadan dengan topik.# dan topik.mesej Kedua-dua Penerima boleh menerimanya kepada mesej, hantar topik sahaja .# boleh memadankan semua mesej yang hanya Receiver2 dengar
Fanout ExchangeFanout ialah mod siaran atau mod langganan yang biasa kita gunakan, memberikan Fanout Suis menghantar mesej, dan semua baris gilir yang terikat pada suis menerima mesej.
Konfigurasi berkaitan Fanout:package com.example.rabbitmqdemo.topic;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.RabbitHandler;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.RabbitListener;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
/**
* @author itguang
* @create
@Component
@RabbitListener(queues = "topic.messages")
public class TopicReceiver2
@RabbitHandler
public void process(String message){
System.out.println("Receiver topic.messages: "+ message);
}
}这里使用了A、B、C三个队列绑定到Fanout交换机上面，发送端的routing_key写任何字符都会被忽略
package com.example.rabbitmqdemo.fanout;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.AmqpTemplate;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
/**
* @author itguang
* @create
@Component
public class FanoutSender
@Autowired
AmqpTemplate amqpTemplate;
public void send(){
String context = "hi, fanout msg ";
System.out.println("Sender : " + context);
//这里使用了A、B、C三个队列绑定到Fanout交换机上面，发送端的routing_key写任何字符都会被忽略：
amqpTemplate.convertAndSend("fanoutExchange","", context);
}
}三个消息接受者:
@Component
@RabbitListener(queues = "fanout.A")
public class FanoutReceiverA
@RabbitHandler
public void process(String message){
System.out.println("Receiver form fanout.A: "+message);
}
}
@Component
@RabbitListener(queues = "fanout.B")
public class FanoutReceiverB
@RabbitHandler
public void process(String message){
System.out.println("Receiver form fanout.B: "+message);
}
}
@Component
@RabbitListener(queues = "fanout.C")
public class FanoutReceiverC
@RabbitHandler
public void process(String message){
System.out.println("Receiver form fanout.C: "+message);
}
}运行单元测试,查看结果:
Sender : hi, fanout msg Receiver form fanout.C: hi, fanout msg Receiver form fanout.A: hi, fanout msg Receiver form fanout.B: hi, fanout msg
结果说明，绑定到fanout交换机上面的队列都收到了消息.
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