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Dokumen ini menggunakan Manual laman web PHP Cina Lepaskan
(PHP 5, PHP 7)
array_udiff — 用回调函数比较数据来计算数组的差集
$array1
, array $array2
[, array $ ...
], callable $data_compare_func
) array_udiff() 返回一个数组,该数组包括了所有在
array1
中但是不在任何其它参数数组中的值。注意键名保持不变。数据的比较是用
data_compare_func
进行的。如果认为第一个参数小于,等于,或大于第二个参数时必须分别返回一个小于零,等于零,或大于零的整数。这和
array_diff() 不同,后者使用了内部函数来比较数据。
array1
第一个数组。
array2
第二个数组。
data_compare_func
回调对照函数。
在第一个参数小于,等于或大于第二个参数时,该比较函数必须相应地返回一个小于,等于或大于 0 的整数。
$a
, mixed $b
)
Returns an array containing all the values of array1
that are not present in any of the other arguments.
Example #1 array_udiff() 例子
<?php
class cr {
private $priv_member ;
function cr ( $val )
{
$this -> priv_member = $val ;
}
static function comp_func_cr ( $a , $b )
{
if ( $a -> priv_member === $b -> priv_member ) return 0 ;
return ( $a -> priv_member > $b -> priv_member )? 1 :- 1 ;
}
}
$a = array( "0.1" => new cr ( 9 ), "0.5" => new cr ( 12 ), 0 => new cr ( 23 ), 1 => new cr ( 4 ), 2 => new cr (- 15 ),);
$b = array( "0.2" => new cr ( 9 ), "0.5" => new cr ( 22 ), 0 => new cr ( 3 ), 1 => new cr ( 4 ), 2 => new cr (- 15 ),);
$result = array_udiff ( $a , $b , array( "cr" , "comp_func_cr" ));
print_r ( $result );
?>
以上例程会输出:
Array ( [0.5] => cr Object ( [priv_member:private] => 12 ) [0] => cr Object ( [priv_member:private] => 23 ))
Note: 注意本函数只检查了多维数组中的一维。当然,可以用 array_udiff($array1[0], $array2[0], "data_compare_func"); 来检查更深的维度。
[#1] b4301775 at klzlk dot com [2011-06-15 11:09:05]
Quick example for using array_udiff to do a multi-dimensional diff
Returns values of $arr1 that are not in $arr2
<?php
$arr1 = array( array('Bob', 42), array('Phil', 37), array('Frank', 39) );
$arr2 = array( array('Phil', 37), array('Mark', 45) );
$arr3 = array_udiff($arr1, $arr2, create_function(
'$a,$b',
'return strcmp( implode("", $a), implode("", $b) ); ')
);
print_r($arr3);
?>
Output:
Array
(
[0] => Array
(
[0] => Bob
[1] => 42
)
[2] => Array
(
[0] => Frank
[1] => 39
)
)
1
Hope this helps someone
[#2] jared [2009-07-07 12:27:04]
Note that php does the string conversion *before* sending the values to the callback function.
[#3] adam dot jorgensen dot za at gmail dot com [2008-10-08 06:51:25]
It is not stated, by this function also diffs array1 to itself, removing any duplicate values...
[#4] grantwparks at gmail dot com [2007-12-31 07:15:45]
Re: "convoluted"
I think the point being made is that array_udiff() can be used not only for comparisons between homogenous arrays, as in your example (and definitely the most common need), but it can be used to compare heterogeneous arrays, too.
Consider:
<?php
function compr_1($a, $b) {
$aVal = is_array($a) ? $a['last_name'] : $a;
$bVal = is_array($b) ? $b['last_name'] : $b;
return strcasecmp($aVal, $bVal);
}
$aEmployees = array(
array('last_name' => 'Smith',
'first_name' => 'Joe',
'phone' => '555-1000'),
array('last_name' => 'Doe',
'first_name' => 'John',
'phone' => '555-2000'),
array('last_name' => 'Flagg',
'first_name' => 'Randall',
'phone' => '666-1000')
);
$aNames = array('Doe', 'Smith', 'Johnson');
$result = array_udiff($aEmployees, $aNames, "compr_1");
print_r($result);
?>
Allowing me to get the "employee" that's not in the name list:
Array ( [2] => Array ( [last_name] => Flagg [first_name] => Randall [phone] => 666-1000 ) )
Something interesting to note, is that the two arguments to the compare function don't correspond to array1 and array2. That's why there has to be logic in it to handle that either of the arguments might be pointing to the more complex employee array. (Found this out the hard way.)
[#5] Colin [2006-08-02 13:15:01]
I think the example given here using classes is convoluting things too much to demonstrate what this function does.
array_udiff() will walk through array_values($a) and array_values($b) and compare each value by using the passed in callback function.
To put it another way, array_udiff() compares $a[0] to $b[0], $b[1], $b[2], and $b[3] using the provided callback function. If the callback returns zero for any of the comparisons then $a[0] will not be in the returned array from array_udiff(). It then compares $a[1] to $b[0], $b[1], $b[2], and $b[3]. Then, finally, $a[2] to $b[0], $b[1], $b[2], and $b[3].
For example, compare_ids($a[0], $b[0]) === -5 while compare_ids($a[1], $b[1]) === 0. Therefore, $a[1] is not returned from array_udiff() since it is present in $b.
<?php
$a = array(
array(
'id' => 10,
'name' => 'John',
'color' => 'red',
),
array(
'id' => 20,
'name' => 'Elise',
'color' => 'blue',
),
array(
'id' => 30,
'name' => 'Mark',
'color' => 'red',
),
);
$b = array(
array(
'id' => 15,
'name' => 'Nancy',
'color' => 'black',
),
array(
'id' => 20,
'name' => 'Elise',
'color' => 'blue',
),
array(
'id' => 30,
'name' => 'Mark',
'color' => 'red',
),
array(
'id' => 40,
'name' => 'John',
'color' => 'orange',
),
);
function compare_ids($a, $b)
{
return ($a['id'] - $b['id']);
}
function compare_names($a, $b)
{
return strcmp($a['name'], $b['name']);
}
$ret = array_udiff($a, $b, 'compare_ids');
var_dump($ret);
$ret = array_udiff($b, $a, 'compare_ids');
var_dump($ret);
$ret = array_udiff($a, $b, 'compare_names');
var_dump($ret);
?>
Which returns the following.
In the first return we see that $b has no entry in it with an id of 10.
<?php
array(1) {
[0]=>
array(3) {
["id"]=>
int(10)
["name"]=>
string(4) "John"
["color"]=>
string(3) "red"
}
}
?>
In the second return we see that $a has no entry in it with an id of 15 or 40.
<?php
array(2) {
[0]=>
array(3) {
["id"]=>
int(15)
["name"]=>
string(5) "Nancy"
["color"]=>
string(5) "black"
}
[3]=>
array(3) {
["id"]=>
int(40)
["name"]=>
string(4) "John"
["color"]=>
string(6) "orange"
}
}
?>
In third return we see that all names in $a are in $b (even though the entry in $b whose name is 'John' is different, the anonymous function is only comparing names).
<?php
array(0) {
}
?>
[#6] dmhouse at gmail dot com [2005-01-20 13:44:04]
Very easy way of achieving a case-insensitive version of array_diff (or indeed array_diff_assoc, array_intersect or any of these types of functions which have a similar function that takes a callback function as one of their parameters):
array_udiff($array1, $array2, 'strcasecmp');
This works because strcasecmp() compares two strings case-insensitively, as compared to the array_diff() which compares two strings by using the == operator, which is case-sensitive.
[#7] aidan at php dot net [2004-05-28 07:11:38]
This functionality is now implemented in the PEAR package PHP_Compat.
More information about using this function without upgrading your version of PHP can be found on the below link:
http://pear.php.net/package/PHP_Compat