Public-Key-Pins - [ HTTP 中文开发手册 ] - 在线原生手册

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watak

HTTP Public-Key-Pins响应头将特定的加密公钥与特定的 Web 服务器相关联，以降低伪造证书对 MITM 攻击的风险。如果一个或多个密钥被固定并且服务器不使用任何密钥，则浏览器将不会接受该合法的响应，并且不会显示它。

有关更多信息，请参阅 HTTP 公用密钥固定文章。

Header type	Response header
Forbidden header name	no

句法

Public-Key-Pins: pin-sha256="<pin-value>"; 
                 max-age=<expire-time>; 
                 includeSubDomains; 
                 report-uri="<uri>"

指令

pin-sha256="<pin-value>"引用的字符串是 Base64 编码的主题公钥信息（SPKI）指纹。可以为不同的公钥指定多个引脚。一些浏览器可能会在将来允许其他散列算法而不是 SHA-256。max-age = <expire-time> 浏览器应该记住，该站点只能使用其中一个定义的键来访问的时间，以秒为单位。includeSubDomains可选如果指定了此可选参数，则此规则也适用于所有网站的子域。report-uri="<uri>"可选如果指定了此可选参数，则将引脚验证失败报告给给定的 URL。

例

如果使用不当，HPKP 可能会长时间锁定用户！建议使用备份证书和/或固定 CA 证书。

Public-Key-Pins: 
  pin-sha256="cUPcTAZWKaASuYWhhneDttWpY3oBAkE3h2+soZS7sWs="; 
  pin-sha256="M8HztCzM3elUxkcjR2S5P4hhyBNf6lHkmjAHKhpGPWE="; 
  max-age=5184000; includeSubDomains; 
  report-uri="https://www.example.org/hpkp-report"

在本例中，pin-sha256 =“cUPcTAZWKaASuYWhhneDttWpY3oBAkE3h2 + soZS7sWs =”固定生产中使用的服务器公钥。第二个引脚声明pin-sha256 =“M8HztCzM3elUxkcjR2S5P4hhyBNf6lHkmjAHKhpGPWE =”也引脚备份密钥。max-age = 5184000告诉客户将这些信息存储两个月，根据IETF RFC这是一个合理的时间限制。此关键固定也适用于所有子域，这由includeSubDomains声明告知。最后，report-uri =“ https://www.example.org/hpkp-report ”说明报告引脚验证失败的位置。

产品规格

Specification	Title
RFC 7469, section 2.1: Public-Key-Pins	Public Key Pinning Extension for HTTP

Feature	Chrome	Firefox	Edge	Internet Explorer	Opera	Safari
Basic Support	(Yes)	35.0	(No)1	?	(Yes)	?
report-uri	46	(No)2	?	?	33	?

Feature	Android	Chrome for Android	Edge mobile	Firefox for Android	IE mobile	Opera Android	iOS Safari
Basic Support	(Yes)	(Yes)	?	35.0	?	(Yes)	?
report-uri	(Yes)	(Yes)	?	(No)	?	33	?

Under consideration 未来发布。

参见 Bugzilla 错误 1091176。

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