Compose
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Compose（组成）
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docker-compose up
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Environment variables in Compose
Extend services in Compose
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Getting started (Compose)
Install Compose
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Networking in Compose
Overview of Docker Compose
Overview of docker-compose CLI
Quickstart: Compose and WordPress
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Sample apps with Compose
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Using Compose with Swarm
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apt-cacher-ng
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Run Docker Engine in swarm mode
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您正在查看传统独立群组的文档。这些主题描述了独立的 Docker Swarm。在 Docker 1.12 及更高版本中，Swarm 模式与 Docker Engine 集成。大多数用户应该使用集成的 Swarm 模式 - 一个好的开始就是 Swarm 模式入门， Swarm 模式 CLI 命令以及 Docker 演练入门。独立 Docker Swarm 未集成到 Docker Engine API 和 CLI 命令中。
Docker Compose 和 Docker Swarm 旨在实现完全集成，这意味着您可以将一个Compose应用程序指向一个 Swarm 集群，并且只需像使用单个 Docker 主机一样工作即可。
实际的集成范围取决于您使用的 Compose 文件格式的版本：
如果您使用的是版本1
links，则您的应用程序可以正常工作，但Swarm会将所有容器安排在一台主机上，因为容器之间的链接不适用于使用旧网络系统的主机。
如果您使用的是第2版，则您的应用程序应该无任何更改：
- subject to the [limitations](index#limitations) described below,- as long as the Swarm cluster is configured to use the [overlay driver](../../engine/userguide/networking/index#an-overlay-network-with-docker-engine-swarm-mode), or a custom driver which supports multi-host networking.
阅读多主机网络入门以了解如何使用 Docker Machine 和覆盖驱动程序设置 Swarm 群集。运行后，将应用程序部署到该应用程序应该如此简单：
$ eval "$(docker-machine env --swarm <name of swarm master machine>)"$ docker-compose up
局限性
构建图像
Swarm 可以像 Docker 实例一样通过 Dockerfile 构建镜像，但生成的镜像只能存在于单个节点上，不会分配给其他节点。
如果您想使用 Compose 将服务扩展到多个节点，则必须自己构建它，将其推送到注册表（例如 Docker Hub）并从docker-compose.yml以下位置引用它：
$ docker build -t myusername/web .$ docker push myusername/web $ cat docker-compose.yml web: image: myusername/web $ docker-compose up -d $ docker-compose scale web=3
多重依赖
如果一个服务具有强制联合调度类型的多个依赖关系（参见下面的自动调度），那么 Swarm 可能会调度依赖关系到不同的节点上，从而无法安排依赖服务。例如，这里foo需要被共同调度与bar和baz：
version: "2"services: foo: image: foo volumes_from: ["bar"] network_mode: "service:baz" bar: image: bar baz: image: baz
问题是，群可能会先安排bar和baz不同的节点上（因为他们是不依赖于彼此），使它不可能挑选一个合适的节点foo。
要解决此问题，请使用手动调度来确保所有三个服务都在同一个节点上结束：
version: "2"services: foo: image: foo volumes_from: ["bar"] network_mode: "service:baz" environment: - "constraint:node==node-1" bar: image: bar environment: - "constraint:node==node-1" baz: image: baz environment: - "constraint:node==node-1"
主机端口和重新创建容器
如果服务从主机映射端口，例如80:8000，那么docker-compose up在第一次之后运行它时可能会出现类似下面的错误：
docker: Error response from daemon: unable to find a node that satisfies container==6ab2dfe36615ae786ef3fc35d641a260e3ea9663d6e69c5b70ce0ca6cb373c02.
这种错误的常见原因是容器在没有显式映射的情况下具有一个卷（在其图像或撰写文件中定义），因此为了保留其数据，Compose 已指示 Swarm 安排新容器与旧容器相同的节点。这导致了端口冲突。
解决这个问题有两个可行的解决办法：
指定一个已命名的卷，并使用一个卷驱动程序，该卷驱动程序能够将该卷挂载到容器中，而不管其预定在哪个节点上。如果服务仅使用命名卷，则Compose不会为Swarm提供任何特定的计划指示。版本：“2”服务：web：build：。端口： - “80：8000”卷： - web-logs：/ var / log / web卷：web-logs：driver：custom-volume-driver
在创建新容器之前删除旧容器。您将失去该卷中的任何数据。
$ docker-compose stop web
$ docker-compose rm -f web
$ docker-compose up web
调度容器
自动调度
某些配置选项将导致容器在同一个 Swarm 节点上自动进行调度，以确保它们正常工作。这些是：
network_mode: "service:..."和network_mode: "container:..."（以及net: "container:..."第一版文件格式）。
volumes_from
links
手动调度
Swarm 提供了丰富的时间安排和亲和力提示，使您能够控制容器的位置。它们通过容器环境变量指定，因此您可以使用Compose 的environment选项来设置它们。
# Schedule containers on a specific node environment: - "constraint:node==node-1"# Schedule containers on a node that has the 'storage' label set to 'ssd'environment: - "constraint:storage==ssd"# Schedule containers where the 'redis' image is already pulled environment: - "affinity:image==redis"
有关完整的可用过滤器和表达式，请参阅 Swarm 文档。