python - 读取txt文件寻找匹配的混拼单词

Question

有一个类似字典的txt文件，读取后输入一段混乱的字母寻找匹配的单词（Word Jumble）。
并且print在这么多数量的单词中有几个是匹配的
输出结果应该类似

  $ python3 jumbler.py trsesi dict.txt
  resist
  sister
  2 matches in 41238 words
  $ python3 jumbler.py rayin dict.txt
  rainy
  1 match in 41238 words
  $ python3 jumbler.py tororo dict.txt
  No matches
  $ python3 jumbler.py taroro dict.txt
  orator
  1 match in 41238 words

字典的文件类似

a
aardvark
abaci
aback
abacus
abaft
abalone
abandon
abandoned
abandonment
abase
abasement
abash
abashed
abashedly
abashment
abate
abatement
abattoir
abbe
abbess
abbey
abbot
abbreviate
abbreviated
abbreviation
abdicate
abdication
abdomen
abdominal

我写的代码如下

import argparse

def jumbler(jumble, dict_file_name):
    """
    supply an excellent docstring here
    """

    # first you must open the file

    # second you must read each word from the file and perform an
    # appropriate comparison of each with 'jumble'; you need to count the
    # number of lines read from the file

    # if a word matches 'jumble', you are to print the word on a line by itself

    # after you have read each word from the file and compared, you need to
    # close the file

    # assume that there were MATCHES words that matched, and NLINES in the file
    # if there was a single match, you need to print
    # "1 match in NLINES words", where NLINES is replaced by the value of NLINES
    # if there were two or more matches, you need to print
    # "MATCHES matches in NLINES words"
    # if there were no matches, you need to print
    # "No matches"
    wordlist = []
    dictionary = open(dict_file_name,"r")
    for line in dictionary.readlines():
        wordlist.extend(line.split(','))#修改后
    for word in wordlist:
        if sorted(str(jumble))==sorted(str(word)):
            print(word+"\n")
        else:
            print("No matches")
    dictionary.close()



def main():
    """
    collect command arguments and invoke jumbler()
    inputs:
        none, fetches arguments using argparse
    effects:
        calls jumbler()
    """
    parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(description="Solve a jumble (anagram)")
    parser.add_argument("jumble", type=str, help="Jumbled word (anagram)")
    parser.add_argument('wordlist', type=str,
                        help="A text file containing dictionary words, one word per line.")
    args = parser.parse_args()  # gets arguments from command line
    jumble = args.jumble
    wordlist = args.wordlist
    jumbler(jumble, wordlist)

if __name__ == "__main__":
    main() 

但是打出来是一行行no matches....求大神赐教

我根据两位评论修改了list.extend,但是结果还是满满的no matches..不是很理解

ps.我们作业都是要求在终端run的所以会有额外的代码

我的output如下

No matches
No matches
No matches
No matches
No matches
No matches
No matches
No matches
No matches
No matches
No matches
No matches
No matches
No matches
No matches
No matches
No matches
No matches
No matches
No matches
No matches
No matches
No matches
No matches
No matches
No matches
No matches
No matches
No matches
No matches
No matches
No matches
No matches
No matches
No matches
No matches
No matches
No matches
No matches
No matches
No matches
No matches
No matches
No matches
No matches
No matches
No matches
No matches
No matches
No matches
No matches
No matches
No matches
No matches
No matches
No matches
No matches
No matches
No matches
No matches
No matches
No matches
No matches
No matches
No matches
No matches
No matches
No matches
No matches
No matches
No matches
No matches
No matches
No matches
No matches
No matches
No matches
No matches
No matches
No matches
No matches
No matches
No matches
No matches
No matches
No matches
No matches
No matches
No matches
No matches
No matches
No matches
No matches
No matches
No matches
No matches
No matches
No matches
No matches
No matches
No matches
No matches
No matches
No matches
No matches
No matches
No matches
No matches
No matches
No matches

Answer 1

Pertama, string.split() akan membahagikan rentetan kepada senarai dan list.append() akan menambah keseluruhan parameter pada senarai sebagai elemen,

dalam kod anda

wordlist.append(line.split(','))

akan menjadikan senarai perkataan senarai senarai, iaitu setiap elemen dalam senarai perkataan ialah senarai, bukan satu perkataan seperti yang anda harapkan. Anda harus menggunakan:

wordlist.extend(line.split(',')) 

atau

wordlist += line.split(',')

Kedua, rentetan yang dikembalikan oleh readlines() mengandungi aksara baris baharu pada penghujung baris, seperti yang ditunjukkan dalam kod berikut:

>>> 'abbe\n'.split()
['abbe']
>>> 'abbe\n'.split(',')
['abbe\n']

hendaklah ditukar kepada line.split(','). line.split()

Kod rujukan adalah seperti berikut:

#!/usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
import argparse

def jumbler(jumble, dict_file_name):
    """
    supply an excellent docstring here
    """

    # first you must open the file

    # second you must read each word from the file and perform an
    # appropriate comparison of each with 'jumble'; you need to count the
    # number of lines read from the file

    # if a word matches 'jumble', you are to print the word on a line by itself

    # after you have read each word from the file and compared, you need to
    # close the file

    # assume that there were MATCHES words that matched, and NLINES in the file
    # if there was a single match, you need to print
    # "1 match in NLINES words", where NLINES is replaced by the value of NLINES
    # if there were two or more matches, you need to print
    # "MATCHES matches in NLINES words"
    # if there were no matches, you need to print
    # "No matches"
    line_count = 0
    match_count = 0
    dictionary = open(dict_file_name,"r")
    for line in dictionary.readlines():
        line_count += 1
        for word in line.split():
            if sorted(str(jumble)) == sorted(str(word)):
                match_count += 1
                print(word)
    if match_count == 0:
        print("No matches")
    else:
        print('%d matches in %d words' %(match_count, line_count))
    dictionary.close()



def main():
    """
    collect command arguments and invoke jumbler()
    inputs:
        none, fetches arguments using argparse
    effects:
        calls jumbler()
    """
    parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(description="Solve a jumble (anagram)")
    parser.add_argument("jumble", type=str, help="Jumbled word (anagram)")
    parser.add_argument('wordlist', type=str,
                        help="A text file containing dictionary words, one word per line.")
    args = parser.parse_args()  # gets arguments from command line
    jumble = args.jumble
    wordlist = args.wordlist
    jumbler(jumble, wordlist)

if __name__ == "__main__":
    main()

Answer 2

Sebabnya mudah, masalahnya terletak di sini:

for line in dictornary.readlines():
    wordlist.append(line.split(','))    # line.split()得到的是一个list，所以wrodlist最终会是一个二维列表

Anda sepatutnya boleh mengubah suai kod sedikit:

wordlist.extend(line.split(','))

Tetapi menyimpan semua perkataan dalam list menggunakan banyak memori Jika fail tesaurus sangat besar...
Saya secara peribadi mengesyorkan anda hanya menyimpan perkataan yang sepadan dalam list Tidak perlu memberi perhatian kepada yang sepadan.