MySQL rownumber SQL生成自增长序号使用介绍
MySQL 几乎模拟了 Oracle,SQL Server等商业数据库的大部分功能，函数。但很可惜，到目前的版本(5.1.33)为止,仍没有实现ROWNUM这个功能
下面介绍几种具体的实现方法.
建立实验环境如下
mysql> create table tbl (
-> id int primary key,
-> col int
-> );
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.08 sec)
mysql> insert into tbl values
-> (1,26),
-> (2,46),
-> (3,35),
-> (4,68),
-> (5,93),
-> (6,92);
Query OK, 6 rows affected (0.05 sec)
Records: 6 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0
mysql>
mysql> select * from tbl order by col;
+----+------+
| id | col |
+----+------+
| 1 | 26 |
| 3 | 35 |
| 2 | 46 |
| 4 | 68 |
| 6 | 92 |
| 5 | 93 |
+----+------+
6 rows in set (0.00 sec)
1. 直接在程序中实现；
这应该算是效率最高的一种，也极为方便。直接在你的开发程序中（PHP/ASP/C/...）等中，直接初始化一个变量nRowNum=0，然后在while 记录集时，nRowNum++; 然后输出即可。
2. 使用MySQL变量；在某些情况下，无法通过修改程序来实现时，可以考虑这种方法。
缺点，@x 变量是 connection 级的，再次查询的时候需要初始化。一般来说PHP等B/S应用没有这个问题。但C/S如果connection一只保持则要考虑 set @x=0
mysql> select @x:=ifnull(@x,0)+1 as rownum,id,col
-> from tbl
-> order by col;
+--------+----+------+
| rownum | id | col |
+--------+----+------+
| 1 | 1 | 26 |
| 1 | 3 | 35 |
| 1 | 2 | 46 |
| 1 | 4 | 68 |
| 1 | 6 | 92 |
| 1 | 5 | 93 |
+--------+----+------+
6 rows in set (0.00 sec)
3. 使用联接查询（笛卡尔积）
缺点，显然效率会差一些。
利用表的自联接，代码如下，你可以直接试一下 select a.*,b.* from tbl a,tbl b where a.col>=b.col 以理解这个方法原理。
mysql> select a.id,a.col,count(*) as rownum
-> from tbl a,tbl b
-> where a.col>=b.col
-> group by a.id,a.col;
+----+------+--------+
| id | col | rownum |
+----+------+--------+
| 1 | 26 | 1 |
| 2 | 46 | 3 |
| 3 | 35 | 2 |
| 4 | 68 | 4 |
| 5 | 93 | 6 |
| 6 | 92 | 5 |
+----+------+--------+
6 rows in set (0.00 sec)
4. 子查询
缺点，和联接查询一样，具体的效率要看索引的配置和MySQL的优化结果。
mysql> select a.*,
-> (select count(*) from tbl where col -> from tbl a;
+----+------+--------+
| id | col | rownum |
+----+------+--------+
| 1 | 26 | 1 |
| 2 | 46 | 3 |
| 3 | 35 | 2 |
| 4 | 68 | 4 |
| 5 | 93 | 6 |
| 6 | 92 | 5 |
+----+------+--------+
6 rows in set (0.06 sec)
做为一款开源的数据库系统，MySQL无疑是一个不做的产品。它的更新速度，文档维护都不逊于几大商业数据库产品。估计在下一个版本中，我们可以看到由MySQL自身实现的ROWNUM。
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