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mysql索引--(mysql学习二)_MySQL

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Release: 2016-06-01 13:32:46
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mysql索引--(mysql学习二)

 

索引类型:

普通类型索引

primary key 

foreign key

unique index

non-unique

专业索引:

--b-tree 平衡数索引,有别于二叉树.二叉树高度可能很高平衡树不会很高一般3、4层.

b+tree b-tree是逻辑叫法,b+tree是技术实现.有一部分存储在内存不够时会放到磁盘上.(innodb、MyISAM、Memery等)

r-tree 空间索引(MyISAM)

full text全文索引.(MyISAM)

hash index(Memery)

 

索引目的:

减少I/O,会提供查询速度,会影响dml速度.

选择性:返回行占整个记录的比例

 

索引类型:前缀索引、复合索引、函数索引的变通(通过增加列和触发器实现)、全文索引

复合索引:oracle有index skip算法可以使不是引导列的索引被使用.mysql必须按照定义顺序使用复合索引.

全文索引:主要是查询单词. ...where match(列) aginst('字符' in 模式).有3中模式boolean(支持运算符表达式)、自然语言、扩展自然语言.

 select title from books where mathc(title) against('prince')

 select title,author from books where match(title) against('green +Anne' in boolean mode);--in natural language mode/with query expansion

--查看执行计划

 explain select * from t where year(d) >1994/G

 select_type:subquery(使用子查询)、dependent subquery(关联子查询)、derived(子查询作为from,内嵌视图)、

       simple(简单查询) 

       union(使用了union)

 

查看某个表的索引:

show index from [tb_name]/G

 

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