mysql索引--(mysql学习二)_MySQL
Jun 01, 2016 pm 01:32 PMbitsCN.com
mysql索引--(mysql学习二)
索引类型:
普通类型索引
primary key
foreign key
unique index
non-unique
专业索引:
--b-tree 平衡数索引,有别于二叉树.二叉树高度可能很高平衡树不会很高一般3、4层.
b+tree b-tree是逻辑叫法,b+tree是技术实现.有一部分存储在内存不够时会放到磁盘上.(innodb、MyISAM、Memery等)
r-tree 空间索引(MyISAM)
full text全文索引.(MyISAM)
hash index(Memery)
索引目的:
减少I/O,会提供查询速度,会影响dml速度.
选择性:返回行占整个记录的比例
索引类型:前缀索引、复合索引、函数索引的变通(通过增加列和触发器实现)、全文索引
复合索引:oracle有index skip算法可以使不是引导列的索引被使用.mysql必须按照定义顺序使用复合索引.
全文索引:主要是查询单词. ...where match(列) aginst('字符' in 模式).有3中模式boolean(支持运算符表达式)、自然语言、扩展自然语言.
select title from books where mathc(title) against('prince')
select title,author from books where match(title) against('green +Anne' in boolean mode);--in natural language mode/with query expansion
--查看执行计划
explain select * from t where year(d) >1994/G
select_type:subquery(使用子查询)、dependent subquery(关联子查询)、derived(子查询作为from,内嵌视图)、
simple(简单查询)
union(使用了union)
查看某个表的索引:
show index from [tb_name]/G
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