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Java布局管理器使用方法_MySQL

Jun 01, 2016 pm 02:07 PM
new null layout manage set up

  很多初学者在用Java布局器自动布局画界面时,经常遇见不知道如何定义区域大小或按钮之间的距离等问题。我写过一篇《实现JAVA手动布局中各个组件能随窗口变化的方法》的文章,有读者反映算坐标不好算,问能不能用布局器实现文章中的界面。其实自动布局也可以解决定义区域大小或按钮之间的距离等问题,只是没有手动布局那么灵活。下面我就举一个例子。

  首先,建一个frame文件(Application应用程序),在Design中将this中的layout设置为BorderLayout。

  第二,在组件盘内点选Swing Container页签,选取Jpanel图标,在this中上方拖拽一块区域,布局器会自动调整位置与大小;同样的方法在中下方也拖拽一块区域;在Swing Container页签,选取jScrollPane图标,将jScrollPane在中间拖拽一块区域。拖拽的顺序一定要先上后下再中间。为了方便区分,在Properties的background中,将上方的Jpanel1区域设置为红色,下方的Jpanel2区域设置为橙色,中间的jScrollPane1为粉红色。将Jpanel1和Jpanel2的layout设置为flowLayout(必须要手动设置,不要采用默认值)。

  第三,在Jpanel中放入一个Jlable标题栏,JTextField1文本框和Jbutton按钮,在组件盘内点选Swing 页签,选取JLable图标在Jpanel1的中画一个标题栏,将text改为“请输入查询条件”,再选取JtextField在Jpanel1中画一个文本框,将text改为空,最后选取Jbutton在Jpanel1中再画一个按钮将text改为“查询”。画完后他们都是在中间,而且大小固定,这时点选Jpanel的flowLayout1将右边Properties中的alignment设置为LEFT,这时Jpanel1中的组键就会向左排列。选中其中一个组键,在Properties中的preferredSize可以设置组键的宽和高。同样的方法在Jpanel2中画三个Jbutton按钮,将text分别设为“增加”、“删除”、“修改”。点选Jpane2的flowLayout2将右边Properties中的hgap设置为30(按钮的间距,可根据自己的需要调整数值大小), 这样就调整了三个按钮之间的距离,设置vgap还可以改变Jpane2区域的高度。

  第四,在jScrollPane1中建一个表格用来显示数据库数据的内容,在组件盘内点选Swing 页签,选取JTable图标,将Jtable加入到jScrollPane1中。

  最后,将this中的defaultCloseOperation改为EXIT_ON_CLOSE,这样在关闭窗口时程序会自动退出。

  程序源代码如下(除中文注释部分的两句是自己加上去,其余是自动生成):

  import javax.swing.*;
  import java.awt.*;
  import java.awt.event.*;
  import java.util.Vector;
  import javax.swing.table.DefaultTableModel;
  public class Frame1
  extends JFrame {
  BorderLayout borderLayout1 = new BorderLayout();
  JPanel jPanel1 = new JPanel();
  JPanel jPanel2 = new JPanel();
  JPanel jPanel3 = new JPanel();
  JLabel jLabel1 = new JLabel();
  JTextField jTextField1 = new JTextField();
  JButton jButton1 = new JButton();
  FlowLayout flowLayout1 = new FlowLayout();
  FlowLayout flowLayout2 = new FlowLayout();
  JButton jButton2 = new JButton();
  JButton jButton3 = new JButton();
  JButton jButton4 = new JButton();
  GridLayout gridLayout1 = new GridLayout();
  JScrollPane jScrollPane1 = new JScrollPane();
  JTable jTable1 = new JTable();

  public Frame1() {
  try {
  jbInit();
  }
  catch (Exception e) {
  e.printStackTrace();
  }
  }

  public static void main(String[] args) {
  Frame1 frame1 = new Frame1();
  frame1.setSize(new Dimension(400, 350));
  frame1.show();

  }

  private void jbInit() throws Exception {
  this.getContentPane().setLayout(borderLayout1);
  jPanel1.setBackground(Color.red);
  jPanel1.setLayout(flowLayout1);
  jPanel2.setBackground(Color.red);
  jPanel2.setLayout(flowLayout2);
  jPanel3.setBackground(Color.pink);
  jPanel3.setLayout(gridLayout1);
  jLabel1.setPreferredSize(new Dimension(100, 16));
  jLabel1.setText("请输入查询条件");
  jTextField1.setPreferredSize(new Dimension(140, 22));
  jTextField1.setText("");
  jButton1.setText("查询");
  jButton1.addActionListener(new Frame1_jButton1_actionAdapter(this));
  flowLayout1.setAlignment(FlowLayout.LEFT);
  flowLayout1.setHgap(5);
  flowLayout1.setVgap(10);
  jButton2.setText("增加");
  jButton3.setText("删除");
  jButton4.setText("修改");
  flowLayout2.setHgap(30);
  flowLayout2.setVgap(5);
  this.setDefaultCloseOperation(EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
  this.getContentPane().add(jPanel1, BorderLayout.NORTH);
  jPanel1.add(jLabel1, null);
  jPanel1.add(jTextField1, null);
  jPanel1.add(jButton1, null);
  this.getContentPane().add(jPanel2, BorderLayout.SOUTH);
  jPanel2.add(jButton2, null);
  jPanel2.add(jButton3, null);
  jPanel2.add(jButton4, null);
  this.getContentPane().add(jPanel3, BorderLayout.CENTER);
  jPanel3.add(jScrollPane1, null);
  jScrollPane1.getViewport().add(jTable1, null);
  }

  //模拟查询数据库
  void jButton1_actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
  try { //制作表
  Vector vcol = new Vector(); //列名
  Vector vrow = new Vector(); //内容
  for (int col = 1; col   vcol.addElement("列" + col);
  }
  for (int row = 1; row   Vector vr1 = new Vector();
  for (int col = 1; col   vr1.addElement(row + "/" + col);
  }
  vrow.addElement(vr1);
  }
  DefaultTableModel dtm = new DefaultTableModel(vrow, vcol);
  jTable1 = new JTable(vrow, vcol);
  jTable1.setAutoResizeMode(JTable.AUTO_RESIZE_OFF); //滚动条设置左右滚
  this.jScrollPane1.getViewport().add(jTable1, null); //在滚动条中放入表
  }
  catch (Exception ex) {
  JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(null, ex);
  }

  }
  }

  class Frame1_jButton1_actionAdapter
  implements java.awt.event.ActionListener {
  Frame1 adaptee;

  Frame1_jButton1_actionAdapter(Frame1 adaptee) {
  this.adaptee = adaptee;
  }

  public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
  adaptee.jButton1_actionPerformed(e);
  }
  }



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