Home php教程 php手册 PHP面向对象开发之类中接口的应用(interface、implements)

PHP面向对象开发之类中接口的应用(interface、implements)

Jun 13, 2016 am 09:51 AM
implements interface php object application develop interface of For

php类中接口的应用关键字是interface、implements了,接口是一种成员属性全部为抽象或常量的特殊抽象类,下面我们看几个实例。

类中接口的应用

1.关键字:interface
2.关键字:implements

1.接口的介绍与创建

接口:一种成员属性全部为抽象或常量的特殊抽象类。

规则:

1.类中全部为抽象方法。
2.抽象方法钱不用加abstract。
3.接口抽象方法属性为public。
4.成员属性必须为常量。

格式:

 代码如下 复制代码

interface demo {
const NAME = "常量对象属性";

function fun1();
function fun2(); //抽象方法。
}


2.接口的应用与规范

接口引用区别于类继承关键字 extends ,继承只能只是单一性,而接口可以使用关键字 implements 多个引用并用逗号分开

1.格式:普通类引用接口

class MyPc implements demo , demo2 , demo3 {
...
}

2.格式:抽象类应用接口例子

abstract class MyPc implements demo , demo2 , demo3 {
...
}

3.格式:继承父类引用接口并存

class MyPc extends Root implements demo , demo2 , demo3 {
...
}

先继承后接口,单继承多接口。

4.格式:接口与接口的继承

interface demo3 extends demo {
...
}

实例:

 代码如下 复制代码

interface demo {
 const NAME = "名称";
 function fun1();
 function fun2();
}

interface demo2 {
 function fun3();
 function fun4();
}

interface demo3 {
 const TEST = "Test";
 function fun5();
}

class MyPc implements demo, demo2 {
 function fun1() {
  echo "++++++++++
";
 }
 function fun2() {
  echo "----------
";
 }
 function fun3() {
  echo "1111111111
";
 }
 function fun4() {
  echo "2222222222
";
 }
}

class MyPs extends MyPc implements demo3 {
 function fun5() {
  echo "继承类后引用接口";
 }
}
$p = new MyPs;
$p->fun1();
$p->fun2();
$p->fun3();
$p->fun4();
$p->fun5();
?>

接口使用关键字 interface 来定义,并使用关键字 implements 来实现接口中的方法,且必须完全实现。

例子:

 代码如下 复制代码

//定义接口
interface User{
    function getDiscount();
    function getUserType();
}
//VIP用户 接口实现
class VipUser implements User{
    // VIP 用户折扣系数
    private $discount = 0.8;
    function getDiscount() {
        return $this->discount;
    }
    function getUserType() {
        return "VIP用户";
    }
}
class Goods{
    var $price = 100;
    var $vc;
    //定义 User 接口类型参数,这时并不知道是什么用户
    function run(User $vc){
        $this->vc = $vc;
        $discount = $this->vc->getDiscount();
 $usertype = $this->vc->getUserType();
        echo $usertype."商品价格:".$this->price*$discount;
    }
}

$display = new Goods();
$display ->run(new VipUser); //可以是更多其他用户类型
?>

运行该例子,输出:

VIP用户商品价格:80 元

该例子演示了一个 PHP 接口的简单应用。该例子中,User 接口实现用户的折扣,而在 VipUser 类里面实现了具体的折扣系数。最后商品类 Goods 根据 User 接口来实现不同的用户报价。

该例子仅限于演示 PHP 接口的用法,不涉及其科学与否。

实现多个接口

PHP也可以在继承一个类的时候同时实现多个接口:

class 子类 extends 父类 implemtns 接口1, 接口2, ...
{
    ......
}


抽象类和接口的区别


接口是特殊的抽象类,也可以看做是一个模型的规范。接口与抽象类大致区别如下:

1.一个子类如果 implements 一个接口,就必须实现接口中的所有方法(不管是否需要);如果是继承一个抽象类,只需要实现需要的方法即可。
2.如果一个接口中定义的方法名改变了,那么所有实现此接口的子类需要同步更新方法名;而抽象类中如果方法名改变了,其子类对应的方法名将不受影响,只是变成了一个新的方法而已(相对老的方法实现)。
3.抽象类只能单继承,当一个子类需要实现的功能需要继承自多个父类时,就必须使用接口。

Statement of this Website
The content of this article is voluntarily contributed by netizens, and the copyright belongs to the original author. This site does not assume corresponding legal responsibility. If you find any content suspected of plagiarism or infringement, please contact admin@php.cn

Hot AI Tools

Undresser.AI Undress

Undresser.AI Undress

AI-powered app for creating realistic nude photos

AI Clothes Remover

AI Clothes Remover

Online AI tool for removing clothes from photos.

Undress AI Tool

Undress AI Tool

Undress images for free

Clothoff.io

Clothoff.io

AI clothes remover

Video Face Swap

Video Face Swap

Swap faces in any video effortlessly with our completely free AI face swap tool!

Hot Tools

Notepad++7.3.1

Notepad++7.3.1

Easy-to-use and free code editor

SublimeText3 Chinese version

SublimeText3 Chinese version

Chinese version, very easy to use

Zend Studio 13.0.1

Zend Studio 13.0.1

Powerful PHP integrated development environment

Dreamweaver CS6

Dreamweaver CS6

Visual web development tools

SublimeText3 Mac version

SublimeText3 Mac version

God-level code editing software (SublimeText3)

Hot Topics

Java Tutorial
1653
14
PHP Tutorial
1251
29
C# Tutorial
1224
24
Explain JSON Web Tokens (JWT) and their use case in PHP APIs. Explain JSON Web Tokens (JWT) and their use case in PHP APIs. Apr 05, 2025 am 12:04 AM

JWT is an open standard based on JSON, used to securely transmit information between parties, mainly for identity authentication and information exchange. 1. JWT consists of three parts: Header, Payload and Signature. 2. The working principle of JWT includes three steps: generating JWT, verifying JWT and parsing Payload. 3. When using JWT for authentication in PHP, JWT can be generated and verified, and user role and permission information can be included in advanced usage. 4. Common errors include signature verification failure, token expiration, and payload oversized. Debugging skills include using debugging tools and logging. 5. Performance optimization and best practices include using appropriate signature algorithms, setting validity periods reasonably,

How do you parse and process HTML/XML in PHP? How do you parse and process HTML/XML in PHP? Feb 07, 2025 am 11:57 AM

This tutorial demonstrates how to efficiently process XML documents using PHP. XML (eXtensible Markup Language) is a versatile text-based markup language designed for both human readability and machine parsing. It's commonly used for data storage an

Explain late static binding in PHP (static::). Explain late static binding in PHP (static::). Apr 03, 2025 am 12:04 AM

Static binding (static::) implements late static binding (LSB) in PHP, allowing calling classes to be referenced in static contexts rather than defining classes. 1) The parsing process is performed at runtime, 2) Look up the call class in the inheritance relationship, 3) It may bring performance overhead.

PHP Program to Count Vowels in a String PHP Program to Count Vowels in a String Feb 07, 2025 pm 12:12 PM

A string is a sequence of characters, including letters, numbers, and symbols. This tutorial will learn how to calculate the number of vowels in a given string in PHP using different methods. The vowels in English are a, e, i, o, u, and they can be uppercase or lowercase. What is a vowel? Vowels are alphabetic characters that represent a specific pronunciation. There are five vowels in English, including uppercase and lowercase: a, e, i, o, u Example 1 Input: String = "Tutorialspoint" Output: 6 explain The vowels in the string "Tutorialspoint" are u, o, i, a, o, i. There are 6 yuan in total

PHP and Python: Comparing Two Popular Programming Languages PHP and Python: Comparing Two Popular Programming Languages Apr 14, 2025 am 12:13 AM

PHP and Python each have their own advantages, and choose according to project requirements. 1.PHP is suitable for web development, especially for rapid development and maintenance of websites. 2. Python is suitable for data science, machine learning and artificial intelligence, with concise syntax and suitable for beginners.

What are PHP magic methods (__construct, __destruct, __call, __get, __set, etc.) and provide use cases? What are PHP magic methods (__construct, __destruct, __call, __get, __set, etc.) and provide use cases? Apr 03, 2025 am 12:03 AM

What are the magic methods of PHP? PHP's magic methods include: 1.\_\_construct, used to initialize objects; 2.\_\_destruct, used to clean up resources; 3.\_\_call, handle non-existent method calls; 4.\_\_get, implement dynamic attribute access; 5.\_\_set, implement dynamic attribute settings. These methods are automatically called in certain situations, improving code flexibility and efficiency.

PHP: A Key Language for Web Development PHP: A Key Language for Web Development Apr 13, 2025 am 12:08 AM

PHP is a scripting language widely used on the server side, especially suitable for web development. 1.PHP can embed HTML, process HTTP requests and responses, and supports a variety of databases. 2.PHP is used to generate dynamic web content, process form data, access databases, etc., with strong community support and open source resources. 3. PHP is an interpreted language, and the execution process includes lexical analysis, grammatical analysis, compilation and execution. 4.PHP can be combined with MySQL for advanced applications such as user registration systems. 5. When debugging PHP, you can use functions such as error_reporting() and var_dump(). 6. Optimize PHP code to use caching mechanisms, optimize database queries and use built-in functions. 7

PHP in Action: Real-World Examples and Applications PHP in Action: Real-World Examples and Applications Apr 14, 2025 am 12:19 AM

PHP is widely used in e-commerce, content management systems and API development. 1) E-commerce: used for shopping cart function and payment processing. 2) Content management system: used for dynamic content generation and user management. 3) API development: used for RESTful API development and API security. Through performance optimization and best practices, the efficiency and maintainability of PHP applications are improved.

See all articles