Reasons why trim in PHP will cause garbled characters
运行以下代码：
$tag = "互联网产品、"; $text = rtrim($tag, "、"); print_r($text);
我们可能以为会得到的结果是互联网产品，实际结果是互联网产�。为什么会这样呢？
科普
PHP 里使用mb_前缀的都是多字节函数 http://php.net/manual/zh/ref....
比如
$str = "abcd"; print_r(strlen($str)."\n"); // 4 print_r(mb_strlen($str)."\n"); // 4 $str = "周梦康"; print_r(strlen($str)."\n"); // 9 print_r(mb_strlen($str)."\n"); // 3
mb_系列函数是以“多个字节组成的一个字符”为颗粒度来操作的，不带mb_则是按实际的字节数来操作的。
原理
trim 函数文档
string trim ( string $str [, string $character_mask = " \t\n\r\0\x0B" ] )
该函数不是多字节函数，也就是说，汉字这样的多字节字符，会拿其头或尾的单字节来和后面的$character_mask对应的char数组进行匹配，如果在后面的数组中，则删掉，继续匹配。比如：
echo ltrim("bcdf","abc"); // df如下面的 demo 中的函数string_print_char所示：、由0xe3 0x80 0x81三字节组成，品由0xe5 0x93 0x81三字节组成。
所以在执行rtrim的时候，通过字节比对，会将0x81去掉，导致了最后出现了乱码。
源码探究
查看 PHP7 的源码，然后提炼出下面的小 demo ，方便大家一起学习，其实PHP源码的学习并不难，每天进步一点点。
//
// main.c
// trim
//
// Created by 周梦康 on 2017/10/18.
// Copyright © 2017年 周梦康. All rights reserved.
//
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
void string_print_char(char *str);
void php_charmask(unsigned char *input, size_t len, char *mask);
char *ltrim(char *str,char *character_mask);
char *rtrim(char *str,char *character_mask);
int main(int argc, char const *argv[])
{
printf("%s\n",ltrim("bcdf","abc"));
string_print_char("品"); // e5 93 81
string_print_char("、"); // e3 80 81
printf("%s\n",rtrim("互联网产品、","、"));
return 0;
}
char *ltrim(char *str,char *character_mask)
{
char *res;
char mask[256];
register size_t i;
int trimmed = 0;
size_t len = strlen(str);
php_charmask((unsigned char*)character_mask, strlen(character_mask), mask);
for (i = 0; i < len; i++) {
if (mask[(unsigned char)str[i]]) {
trimmed++;
} else {
break;
}
}
len -= trimmed;
str += trimmed;
res = (char *) malloc(sizeof(char) * (len+1));
memcpy(res,str,len);
return res;
}
char *rtrim(char *str,char *character_mask)
{
char *res;
char mask[256];
register size_t i;
size_t len = strlen(str);
php_charmask((unsigned char*)character_mask, strlen(character_mask), mask);
if (len > 0) {
i = len - 1;
do {
if (mask[(unsigned char)str[i]]) {
len--;
} else {
break;
}
} while (i-- != 0);
}
res = (char *) malloc(sizeof(char) * (len+1));
memcpy(res,str,len);
return res;
}
void string_print_char(char *str)
{
unsigned long l = strlen(str);
for (int i=0; i < l; i++) {
printf("%02hhx\t",str[i]);
}
printf("\n");
}
void php_charmask(unsigned char *input, size_t len, char *mask)
{
unsigned char *end;
unsigned char c;
memset(mask, 0, 256);
for (end = input+len; input < end; input++) {
c = *input;
mask[c]= 1;
}
}如果觉得 demo 还不够清晰的，复制下来，自己执行一次吧~
C 语言基础较差的同学也不用担心，我准备后面专门写一个PHP小白学习 C 语言的系列入门短文哈。
解决方案
那么我们就依葫芦画瓢，用 php 本身的多字节函数来实现下吧：
function mb_rtrim($string, $trim, $encoding)
{
$mask = [];
$trimLength = mb_strlen($trim, $encoding);
for ($i = 0; $i < $trimLength; $i++) {
$item = mb_substr($trim, $i, 1, $encoding);
$mask[] = $item;
}
$len = mb_strlen($string, $encoding);
if ($len > 0) {
$i = $len - 1;
do {
$item = mb_substr($string, $i, 1, $encoding);
if (in_array($item, $mask)) {
$len--;
} else {
break;
}
} while ($i-- != 0);
}
return mb_substr($string, 0, $len, $encoding);
}
mb_internal_encoding("UTF-8");
$tag = "互联网产品、";
$encoding = mb_internal_encoding();
print_r(mb_rtrim($tag, "、",$encoding));当然你也可以使用正则来做。通过上面的函数学习，单字节函数和多字节函数，你学会了吗？
PHP7 相关源码
PHP_FUNCTION(trim)
{
php_do_trim(INTERNAL_FUNCTION_PARAM_PASSTHRU, 3);
}
PHP_FUNCTION(rtrim)
{
php_do_trim(INTERNAL_FUNCTION_PARAM_PASSTHRU, 2);
}
PHP_FUNCTION(ltrim)
{
php_do_trim(INTERNAL_FUNCTION_PARAM_PASSTHRU, 1);
}static void php_do_trim(INTERNAL_FUNCTION_PARAMETERS, int mode)
{
zend_string *str;
zend_string *what = NULL;
ZEND_PARSE_PARAMETERS_START(1, 2)
Z_PARAM_STR(str)
Z_PARAM_OPTIONAL
Z_PARAM_STR(what)
ZEND_PARSE_PARAMETERS_END();
ZVAL_STR(return_value, php_trim(str, (what ? ZSTR_VAL(what) : NULL), (what ? ZSTR_LEN(what) : 0), mode));
}PHPAPI zend_string *php_trim(zend_string *str, char *what, size_t what_len, int mode)
{
const char *c = ZSTR_VAL(str);
size_t len = ZSTR_LEN(str);
register size_t i;
size_t trimmed = 0;
char mask[256];
if (what) {
if (what_len == 1) {
char p = *what;
if (mode & 1) {
for (i = 0; i < len; i++) {
if (c[i] == p) {
trimmed++;
} else {
break;
}
}
len -= trimmed;
c += trimmed;
}
if (mode & 2) {
if (len > 0) {
i = len - 1;
do {
if (c[i] == p) {
len--;
} else {
break;
}
} while (i-- != 0);
}
}
} else {
php_charmask((unsigned char*)what, what_len, mask);
if (mode & 1) {
for (i = 0; i < len; i++) {
if (mask[(unsigned char)c[i]]) {
trimmed++;
} else {
break;
}
}
len -= trimmed;
c += trimmed;
}
if (mode & 2) {
if (len > 0) {
i = len - 1;
do {
if (mask[(unsigned char)c[i]]) {
len--;
} else {
break;
}
} while (i-- != 0);
}
}
}
} else {
if (mode & 1) {
for (i = 0; i < len; i++) {
if ((unsigned char)c[i] <= ' ' &&
(c[i] == ' ' || c[i] == '\n' || c[i] == '\r' || c[i] == '\t' || c[i] == '\v' || c[i] == '\0')) {
trimmed++;
} else {
break;
}
}
len -= trimmed;
c += trimmed;
}
if (mode & 2) {
if (len > 0) {
i = len - 1;
do {
if ((unsigned char)c[i] <= ' ' &&
(c[i] == ' ' || c[i] == '\n' || c[i] == '\r' || c[i] == '\t' || c[i] == '\v' || c[i] == '\0')) {
len--;
} else {
break;
}
} while (i-- != 0);
}
}
}
if (ZSTR_LEN(str) == len) {
return zend_string_copy(str);
} else {
return zend_string_init(c, len, 0);
}
}/* {{{ php_charmask
* Fills a 256-byte bytemask with input. You can specify a range like 'a..z',
* it needs to be incrementing.
* Returns: FAILURE/SUCCESS whether the input was correct (i.e. no range errors)
*/
static inline int php_charmask(unsigned char *input, size_t len, char *mask)
{
unsigned char *end;
unsigned char c;
int result = SUCCESS;
memset(mask, 0, 256);
for (end = input+len; input < end; input++) {
c=*input;
if ((input+3 < end) && input[1] == '.' && input[2] == '.'
&& input[3] >= c) {
memset(mask+c, 1, input[3] - c + 1);
input+=3;
} else if ((input+1 < end) && input[0] == '.' && input[1] == '.') {
/* Error, try to be as helpful as possible:
(a range ending/starting with '.' won't be captured here) */
if (end-len >= input) { /* there was no 'left' char */
php_error_docref(NULL, E_WARNING, "Invalid '..'-range, no character to the left of '..'");
result = FAILURE;
continue;
}
if (input+2 >= end) { /* there is no 'right' char */
php_error_docref(NULL, E_WARNING, "Invalid '..'-range, no character to the right of '..'");
result = FAILURE;
continue;
}
if (input[-1] > input[2]) { /* wrong order */
php_error_docref(NULL, E_WARNING, "Invalid '..'-range, '..'-range needs to be incrementing");
result = FAILURE;
continue;
}
/* FIXME: better error (a..b..c is the only left possibility?) */
php_error_docref(NULL, E_WARNING, "Invalid '..'-range");
result = FAILURE;
continue;
} else {
mask[c]=1;
}
}
return result;
}
/* }}} */
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