What are some methods for generating random numbers in PHP?
This time I will bring you some methods of generating random numbers in PHP, and what are the precautions for generating random numbers in PHP. The following is a practical case, let's take a look.
The first method uses mt_rand()
function GetRandStr($length){
$str='abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ0123456789';
$len=strlen($str)-1;
$randstr='';
for($i=0;$i<$length;$i++){
$num=mt_rand(0,$len);
$randstr .= $str[$num];
}
return $randstr;
}
$number=GetRandStr(6);
echo $number;The second method (fastest)
function make_password( $length = 8 )
{
// 密码字符集，可任意添加你需要的字符
$chars = array('a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'e', 'f', 'g', 'h',
'i', 'j', 'k', 'l','m', 'n', 'o', 'p', 'q', 'r', 's',
't', 'u', 'v', 'w', 'x', 'y','z', 'A', 'B', 'C', 'D',
'E', 'F', 'G', 'H', 'I', 'J', 'K', 'L','M', 'N', 'O',
'P', 'Q', 'R', 'S', 'T', 'U', 'V', 'W', 'X', 'Y','Z',
'0', '1', '2', '3', '4', '5', '6', '7', '8', '9', '!',
'@','#', '$', '%', '^', '&', '*', '(', ')', '-', '_',
'[', ']', '{', '}', '<', '>', '~', '`', '+', '=', ',',
'.', ';', ':', '/', '?', '|');
// 在 $chars 中随机取 $length 个数组元素键名
$keys = array_rand($chars, $length);
$password = '';
for($i = 0; $i < $length; $i++)
{
// 将 $length 个数组元素连接成字符串
$password .= $chars[$keys[$i]];
}
return $password;
}The third way is to get the current timestamp
function get_password( $length = 8 )
{
$str = substr(md5(time()), 0, $length);//md5加密，time()当前时间戳
return $str;
}The fourth way is to scramble the string
function getrandstr(){
$str='ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz1234567890';
$randStr = str_shuffle($str);//打乱字符串
$rands= substr($randStr,0,6);//substr(string,start,length);返回字符串的一部分
return $rands;
}Verification code(Generate directly using functions, which is more convenient and fast)
$code = rand(10000, 99999);
<?php
for($i=0; $i<5; $i++){
echo lcg_value().PHP_EOL;
}
?>0.115165158519950.064684551575297
0.68275174031189
0.55730746529099
0.70215008878091
Two kinds of generation 0~1 random decimal method for comparison
1. Execution time comparison
The running time of executing 100,000 times based on mt_rand() and mt_getrandmax() algorithms<?php
/**
* 生成0~1随机小数
* @param Int $min
* @param Int $max
* @return Float
*/
function randFloat($min=0, $max=1){
return $min + mt_rand()/mt_getrandmax() * ($max-$min);
}
// 获取microtime
function get_microtime(){
list($usec, $sec) = explode(' ', microtime());
return (float)$usec + (float)$sec;
}
// 记录开始时间
$starttime = get_microtime();
// 执行10万次获取随机小数
for($i=0; $i<100000; $i++){
randFloat();
}
// 记录结束时间
$endtime = get_microtime();
// 输出运行时间
printf("run time %f ms\r\n", ($endtime-$starttime)*1000);
?><?php
// 获取microtime
function get_microtime(){
list($usec, $sec) = explode(' ', microtime());
return (float)$usec + (float)$sec;
}
// 记录开始时间
$starttime = get_microtime();
// 执行10万次获取随机小数
for($i=0; $i<100000; $i++){
lcg_value();
}
// 记录结束时间
$endtime = get_microtime();
// 输出运行时间
printf("run time %f ms\r\n", ($endtime-$starttime)*1000);
?>2. Random effect comparison
Random effect based on mt_rand() and mt_getrandmax() algorithms<?php
/**
* 生成0~1随机小数
* @param Int $min
* @param Int $max
* @return Float
*/
function randFloat($min=0, $max=1){
return $min + mt_rand()/mt_getrandmax() * ($max-$min);
}
header('content-type: image/png');
$im = imagecreatetruecolor(512, 512);
$color1 = imagecolorallocate($im, 255, 255, 255);
$color2 = imagecolorallocate($im, 0, 0, 0);
for($y=0; $y<512; $y++){
for($x=0; $x<512; $x++){
$rand = randFloat();
if(round($rand,2)>=0.5){
imagesetpixel($im, $x, $y, $color1);
}else{
imagesetpixel($im, $x, $y, $color2);
}
}
}
imagepng($im);
imagedestroy($im);
?><?php
header('content-type: image/png');
$im = imagecreatetruecolor(512, 512);
$color1 = imagecolorallocate($im, 255, 255, 255);
$color2 = imagecolorallocate($im, 0, 0, 0);
for($y=0; $y<512; $y++){
for($x=0; $x<512; $x++){
$rand = lcg_value();
if(round($rand,2)>=0.5){
imagesetpixel($im, $x, $y, $color1);
}else{
imagesetpixel($im, $x, $y, $color2);
}
}
}
imagepng($im);
imagedestroy($im);
?>Alibaba Cloud Win2016 installation Apache and PHP environment tutorial detailed explanation
Operation of PHP associative array and index array Detailed explanation of steps
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