How to implement simple encryption technology in PHP
本篇文章主要介绍PHP实现简单加密技术的方法，感兴趣的朋友参考下，希望对大家有所帮助。
一、MD5加密
直接干，这里以一个登录页面为例：
<?php
require_once 'config/database.config.php';
$act=$_REQUEST['act'];
$username=$_POST['username'];
$password=md5($_POST['password']);
if ($act=='reg') {
$sql="INSERT INTO user(username,password) VALUES('{$username}','{$password}')";
$result=mysqli_query($link, $sql);
if ($result) {
echo "Success";
echo "<meta http-equiv='refresh' content='1;url=login.html'/>";
}else {
echo "Failure!";
echo "<meta http-equiv='refresh' content='1;url=reg.html'/>";
}
}elseif ($act=='login') {
$sql="SELECT * FROM user WHERE username='{$username}' AND password='{$password}'";
$result=mysqli_query($link, $sql);
$validate=mysqli_fetch_array($result);
//var_dump($validate);
if ($validate) {
echo "success";
echo "<meta http-equiv='refresh' content='1;url=http://www.baidu.com'/>";
}else {
echo "failure";
echo "<meta http-equiv='refresh' content='1;url=login.html'/>";
}
}主要就是记得比对的时候也使用MD5，所以存在数据库中的时候就是密码保存的了
mysql> SELECT * FROM user; +----+----------+----------------------------------+ | id | username | password | +----+----------+----------------------------------+ | 1 | 123 | d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e | | 2 | 123 | 5e12a8f9c9e959060fdcaea165393039 | | 3 | | d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e | | 4 | root | 202cb962ac59075b964b07152d234b70 | | 5 | root | 0c51f0ba4316a5c844397f69effe2d01 | +----+----------+----------------------------------+
二、Crypt加密算法
同样是一个单向加密算法，无法由密文直接得到明文密码（和MD5一样）；
语法：string crypt(string $str[,string $salt])，$str为加密明文，$salt为干扰项，可以理解为椒盐噪声；
/**
* Crypt
*/
echo crypt('shit');
echo "<hr/>";
echo crypt('shit','im');
echo "<hr/>";
if (CRYPT_EXT_DES) {
echo crypt('shit','this is a test');
}
echo "<hr/>";
if (CRYPT_MD5) {
echo crypt('shit','$1$this is a test$');
}基本没什么要说的，就一点，crypt的加密有不同的加密算法，默认的是MD5加密，但是若是不给定“盐值”，每次刷新，都是不一样的结果；
然后可以指定盐值，具体参见手册，每个算法的盐值长度是不一样的，比如上述的DES和MD5，结果如下
1223b8c30a347321299611f873b449ad $1$ed0.Ph..$fPbfhSOMLyNdtZn9krT8X/ im37cLeO/JPaQ th12A1V7QCns. $1$this is $Bu9FE8Y8oGnIbftjDA4ez0
DES只能取两位，而MD5取了8位；
用法上也差不多，记得输入盐值才好。
三、Sha1
同样是单向加密，不可破解（但网上的办法都是类似数据库一样的“伪暴力”破解）；
与MD5的区别在于返回更长的（40位）16进制的数串（MD5是32位）；
/** * Sha1 */ echo "<hr/>"; echo sha1('shit'); echo "<hr/>"; echo sha1('shit',true); echo "<hr/>"; echo sha1('admin');
所以，一般加密保存，不要单独使用这些密码，不如这样子混合使用：
echo "<hr/>"; echo sha1(sha1('admin',true)); echo "<hr/>"; echo sha1(md5('admin'));
等于是加密外面又自行进行了简单的加密！！
四、URL编码加密
对地址栏信息进行加密；
双向，urlencode和urldecode；
/**
* URL编码加密
*/
$str="this is a test";
$result=urlencode($str);
echo $result;
echo "<hr/>";
echo urldecode($result);
echo "<hr/>";
$str="login.php?username=shit&action=act%3 hape#123\\";
echo urlencode($str);
echo "<hr/>";
echo "<a href='index.php?username=shit&gender=male'>Shit Login</a>";
print_r($_GET);
echo "<hr/>";
//所以地址栏进行一下编码，一方面是保密，一方面是处理特殊情况
//比如username&shit是一个整体，不编码的话，浏览器是看不出的
echo "<a href='index.php?username=username&shit&gender=male'>Shit Login2</a>";
print_r($_GET);
echo "<hr/>";
$str="username&shit";
$str2="username=".urlencode($str)."&gender=".urlencode("male");
echo "<a href='index.php?".$str2."'>Shit Login3</a>";
print_r($_GET);
echo "<hr/>";
//baidu example
//https://www.baidu.com/s?ie=utf8&wd=url%E7%BC%96%E7%A0%81%E5%8A%A0%E5%AF%86&tn=87048150_dg
//search url编码结果如下
this+is+a+test this is a test login.php%3Fusername%3Dshit%26action%3Dact%253+hape%23123%5C Shit LoginArray ( [username] => username&shit [gender] => male ) Shit Login2Array ( [username] => username&shit [gender] => male ) Shit Login3Array ( [username] => username&shit [gender] => male )
所以功能就是：地址栏更加安全，不再明文传输，另一个解决特殊情况的传递
五、Base64编码加密
其实base64不是加密技术，只不过他会对data进行base64的编码，也可以看做是一种加密技术；
/**
* Base64
*/
$data="I am king";
echo base64_encode($data);
echo "<hr/>";
echo base64_decode(base64_encode($data));
echo "<hr/>";
echo base64_encode("中文测试");
echo "<hr/>";
// echo base64_decode("R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAP///wAAACH5BAAAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAICRAEAOw==");
$data=file_get_contents("0.jpg");
echo base64_encode($data);等于说是对内容进行加密；
总结
单项散列加密：得到固定长度的输出，是单向的；
对称散列加密：使用同一把密钥进行加密解密，可以相互推算；（算法简单，效率高，开销小，适合对大量数据进行加密）DES等
非对称加密技术：密钥不一样，公钥和私钥之分
以上就是本篇文的全部内容，希望能对大家的学习有所帮助。
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