Introduction to Laravel's Eloquent model

class Flight extends Model
{    /**
     * 与模型关联的数据表
     *
     * @var string     */
    protected $table = 'myflights';
}

class Flight extends Model
{    /**
     * 与模型关联的数据表     */
    protected $table = 'my_flights';    protected $primaryKey='mid';  //自定义主键字段
    
    protected $keyType = 'string';  //自定义主键类型为字串
    
    public $incrementing = false;    //主键非自增型}

class Flight extends Model
{    /**
     * 该模型是否被自动维护时间戳     */
    public $timestamps = false;
}

class Flight extends Model
{    /**
     * 模型的日期字段的存储格式     */
    protected $dateFormat = 'U';
}

<?phpclass Flight extends Model
{    const CREATED_AT = &#39;creation_date&#39;;    const UPDATED_AT = &#39;last_update&#39;;
}

class Flight extends Model
{    /**
     * 此模型的连接名称。     */
    protected $connection = 'connection-name';
}

use App\Flight;$flights = App\Flight::all();   //查询所有数据
foreach ($flights as $flight) {    echo $flight->name;
}$flights = App\Flight::where('active', 1)               
->orderBy('name', 'desc')               
->take(10)               
->get();             //有条件地查询数据

Flight::chunk(200, function ($flights) {    foreach ($flights as $flight) {        //    }
});

foreach (Flight::where('foo', 'bar')->cursor() as $flight) {    //}

// 通过主键取回一个模型...$flight = App\Flight::find(1);
// 取回符合查询限制的第一个模型 ...
$flight = App\Flight::where('active', 1)->first();//如果找不到模型则抛出异常
//Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\ModelNotFoundException
//自动返回 HTTP 404 响应给用户
$model = App\Flight::where('legs', '>', 100)->firstOrFail();

$count = App\Flight::where('active', 1)->count();$max = App\Flight::where('active', 1)->max('price');

$flight = App\Flight::find(1);
$flight->name = 'New Flight Name';$flight->save(); //查询一次后再更新
App\Flight::where('active', 1)          
->where('destination', 'San Diego')          
->update(['delayed' => 1]); //设置条件后再批量更新

class Flight extends Model
{    /**
     * 可以被批量赋值的属性。
     * @var array     */
    protected $fillable = ['name'];
}class Flight extends Model
{    /**
     * 不可被批量赋值的属性。可定义为空数组，表示所有属性都可以赋值。
     * @var array     */
    protected $guarded = ['price'];
}

$flight = App\Flight::create(['name' => 'Flight 10']); //添加新记录并返回已保存的模型实例
$flight->fill(['name' => 'Flight 22']); //已有实例模型可使用fill方法

// 通过 name 属性检索航班，当结果不存在时创建它...
$flight = App\Flight::firstOrCreate(['name' => 'Flight 10']);// 通过 name 属性检索航班，当结果不存在的时候用 name 属性和 delayed 属性去创建它$flight = App\Flight::firstOrCreate(
    ['name' => 'Flight 10'], ['delayed' => 1]
);// 通过 name 属性检索航班，当结果不存在时实例化...
$flight = App\Flight::firstOrNew(['name' => 'Flight 10']);// 通过 name 属性检索航班，当结果不存在的时候用 name 属性和 delayed 属性实例化$flight = App\Flight::firstOrNew(
    ['name' => 'Flight 10'], ['delayed' => 1]
);// 如果有从奥克兰飞往圣地亚哥的航班，将价格设为 99 美元
// 如果不存在匹配的模型就创建一个
$flight = App\Flight::updateOrCreate(
    ['departure' => 'Oakland', 'destination' => 'San Diego'],
    ['price' => 99]
);

$flight = App\Flight::find(1);$flight->delete();  //通过查询所得的模型实例进行delete方法删除

//通过主键删除一至多条数据：App\Flight::destroy(1);
App\Flight::destroy([1, 2, 3]);
App\Flight::destroy(1, 2, 3);//通过查询条件批量删除，并返回删除条数
$deletedRows = App\Flight::where('active', 0)->delete();

<?php

namespace App;use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Model;use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\SoftDeletes;class Flight extends Model
{    use SoftDeletes;    /**
     * 需要被转换成日期的属性。
     * @var array     */
    protected $dates = [&#39;deleted_at&#39;]; 
}

if ($flight->trashed()) {    //检查该模型实例是否被软删除}$flights = App\Flight::withTrashed()  //能使用查询包含软删除的数据
                ->where('account_id', 1)                ->get();$flights = App\Flight::onlyTrashed()  //只查询软删除的数据
                ->where('airline_id', 1)                ->get();$flight->restore();  //恢复被软删除的模型App\Flight::withTrashed()   //批量恢复模型，不会触发任何模型事件
        ->where('airline_id', 1)        ->restore();

<?php

namespace App\Scopes;use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Scope;use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Model;use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Builder;class AgeScope implements Scope
{    /**
     * 将范围应用于给定的 Eloquent 查询生成器
     *
     * @param  \Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Builder  $builder
     * @param  \Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Model  $model
     * @return void     */
    public function apply(Builder $builder, Model $model)
    {        return $builder->where(&#39;age&#39;, &#39;>&#39;, 200);
    }
}

<?php

namespace App;use App\Scopes\AgeScope;use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Model;class User extends Model
{    /**
     * 模型的「启动」方法
     *
     * @return void     */
    protected static function boot()
    {
        parent::boot();        static::addGlobalScope(new AgeScope);
    }
}

class User extends Model
{    /**
     * 模型的「启动」方法
     *
     * @return void     */
    protected static function boot()
    {
        parent::boot();        
        static::addGlobalScope('age', function(Builder $builder) {            
        $builder->where('age', '>', 200);
        });
    }
}

User::withoutGlobalScope(AgeScope::class)->get();  //删除指定的作用域

// 删除所有的全局作用域User::withoutGlobalScopes()->get();// 删除一些全局作用域User::withoutGlobalScopes([
    FirstScope::class, SecondScope::class])->get();

<?php

namespace App;use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Model;class User extends Model
{    /**
     * 限制查询只包括受欢迎的用户。
     *
     * @return \Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Builder     */
    public function scopePopular($query)
    {        return $query->where(&#39;votes&#39;, &#39;>&#39;, 100);
    }    /**
     * 限制查询只包括活跃的用户。
     *
     * @return \Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Builder     */
    public function scopeActive($query)
    {        return $query->where(&#39;active&#39;, 1);
    }
}

$users = App\User::popular()->active()->orderBy('created_at')->get();

class User extends Model
{    /**
     * 限制查询只包括指定类型的用户。
     *
     * @return \Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Builder     */
    public function scopeOfType($query, $type)
    {        return $query->where('type', $type);
    }
}//调用作用域时传参$users = App\User::ofType('admin')->get();

<?php

namespace App;use App\Events\UserSaved;use App\Events\UserDeleted;
use Illuminate\Notifications\Notifiable;
use Illuminate\Foundation\Auth\User as Authenticatable;class User extends Authenticatable
{    use Notifiable;    /**
     * 模型的事件映射。
     *
     * @var array     */
    protected $dispatchesEvents = [        &#39;saved&#39; => UserSaved::class,   //触发saved事件，调用UserSaved监控器
        &#39;deleted&#39; => UserDeleted::class, //触发deleted事件，调用UserDeleted监控器    ];
}

<?php

namespace App\Observers;use App\User;class UserObserver
{    /**
     * 监听用户创建的事件。
     *
     * @param  User  $user
     * @return void     */
    public function created(User $user)
    {        //    }    /**
     * 监听用户删除事件。
     *
     * @param  User  $user
     * @return void     */
    public function deleting(User $user)
    {        //    }
}

<?php

namespace App\Providers;use App\User;use App\Observers\UserObserver;
use Illuminate\Support\ServiceProvider;class AppServiceProvider extends ServiceProvider
{    /**
     * 运行所有应用.
     *
     * @return void     */
    public function boot()
    {
        User::observe(UserObserver::class);
    }
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