Analysis of Laravel's basic Migrations

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Release： 2023-04-02 22:02:01

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1. Migration creates data tables and populates the Seeder database with data

Database migration is like the version control of the database, which allows Your team can easily modify and share the application's database structure

1.1 Create migrations

php artisan make:migration create_users_table --create=users

php artisan make:migration add_votes_to_users_table --table=users //添加字段

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New migration files will be placed in database/migrations directory. The name of each migration file includes a timestamp to allow Laravel to confirm the order of migrations.
--table and --create options can be used to specify the name of the data table, or whether a new data table will be created when the migration is executed.

1.2 Migration structure

Migration classes usually contain two methods: up and down. The up method can add a new data table, field or index to the database, while the down method is the reverse operation of the up method. You can use the Laravel database structure generator in these two methods to create and modify data tables.

1.2.1 Create a data table

/**
     * 运行数据库迁移
     *
     * @return void
     */
    public function up()
    {
        Schema::create('flights', function (Blueprint $table) {
            $table->increments('id');
            $table->string('name')->comment('字段注解');
            $table->string('airline')->comment('字段注解');
            $table->timestamps();
        });
    }

    /**
     * 回滚数据库迁移
     *
     * @return void
     */
    public function down()
    {
        Schema::drop('flights');
    }

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1.2.2 Add fields to the table

Analysis of Laravels basic Migrations

##Data table, field, index ：https://laravel-china.org/doc...

1.3 Run migration

Run all outstanding migrations:

php artisan migrate

1.4 Rollback migration

To roll back the last migration, you can use the

rollback command:

php artisan migrate:rollback
php artisan migrate:rollback --step=5 //回滚迁移的个数
php artisan migrate:reset //回滚应用程序中的所有迁移
php artisan migrate:refresh // 命令不仅会回滚数据库的所有迁移还会接着运行 migrate 命令
php artisan migrate  //恢复

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1.5 Use the Seeder method to fill data into the database

1.5.1 Writing Seeders

php artisan make:seeder UsersTableSeeder

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1.5.2 Database filling

 /**
     * 运行数据库填充
     *
     * @return void
     */
    public function run()
    {
        DB::table('users')->insert([
            'name' => str_random(10),
            'email' => str_random(10).'@gmail.com',
            'password' => bcrypt('secret'),
        ]);
    }

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Analysis of Laravels basic Migrations

Use the model factory class to create test data in batches

php artisan make:factory PostFactory -m Post // -m 表示绑定的model

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Analysis of Laravels basic Migrations

1.5.3 Call other Seeders

In the

DatabaseSeeder class, you You can use the call method to run other seed classes.

/**
 * Run the database seeds.
 *
 * @return void
 */
public function run()
{
    $this->call([
        UsersTableSeeder::class,
        PostsTableSeeder::class,
        CommentsTableSeeder::class,
    ]);
}

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1.5.4 Run Seeders

By default, the

db:seed command will run the DatabaseSeeder class, which can be used to call other Seed Class. However, you can also use the --class option to specify a specific seeder class:

php artisan db:seed

php artisan db:seed --class=UsersTableSeeder

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You can also use

migrate:refresh command to populate the database, which rolls back and reruns all migrations. This command can be used to rebuild the database:

php artisan migrate:refresh --seed

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2. Model

Create the model:

php artisan make:model Models/Goods
php artisan make:model Models/Goods -m  //同时生成对应的migration文件

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Analysis of Laravels basic Migrations

3. Routing

Create routes in batches: (resource routing)

php artisan make:controller UserController --resource
Route::resource('user', 'UserController'); //批量一次性定义`7`个路由

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According to unique fields Value to get details, which is beneficial to SEO
Analysis of Laravels basic Migrations

Laravel 5.5 Nginx configuration:

root /example.com/public;
location / {

    try_files $uri $uri/ /index.php?$query_string;
}

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location = /favicon.ico { access_log off; log_not_found off; }

location = /robots.txt { access_log off; log_not_found off; }

4. Verification

4.1 Quick verification

Analysis of Laravels basic Migrations

4.2 Form request verification

php artisan make:request StoreBlogPost

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Analysis of Laravels basic Migrations

Differences and Notes

1. find and get

find: Return the specified data through the primary key

$result = Student::find(1001);

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get - Query multiple data results

DB::table("表名")->get();
DB::table("表名")->where(条件)->get();

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2.模型与数据表的绑定

创建Model类型，方法里面声明两个受保护属性:$table(表名)和$primaryKey(主键)

<?php namespace App;   
use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Model;
class Student extends Model{
    protected $table = &#39;student&#39;;
    protected $primaryKey = &#39;id&#39;;
}

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