How to monitor application performance in PHP?

PHP is a server-side scripting language widely used in Web development. It is efficient, simple and easy to learn. It is widely used in the development of websites, Web applications and server-side software. Application performance monitoring is a very important topic for such applications because it helps developers find performance bottlenecks in their applications and thereby improve the performance of their applications. This article will introduce how to perform application performance monitoring in PHP, and provide some tools and techniques to help PHP developers solve problems.

1. PHP performance issues

Before monitoring application performance, we need to understand PHP performance issues. Performance issues in PHP can be caused by a variety of reasons, including but not limited to:

1. Database query issues: slow queries, duplicate queries, etc.
2. Code design issues: overly complex code Logic and branches, repeated code snippets, etc.
3. Network transmission problems: slow network connection, slow server response, etc.
4. Memory management problems: memory leaks, infinite recursion, etc.

These problems will cause application performance degradation, so we need to use some tools and techniques to help us find and solve these problems.

2. Tools for PHP application performance monitoring

1. Xdebug

Xdebug is an extension of PHP, which can provide some useful functions when PHP is running. Features including code analysis, code coverage, debugging, performance analysis, and more. In terms of performance analysis, Xdebug can provide tracing of PHP applications and database queries, and display the execution time and amount of memory used by each function.

Here are the steps to install Xdebug on Ubuntu:

1. Install Xdebug:

   sudo apt-get install php-xdebug

2. Edit the Xdebug configuration file:

   sudo vim /etc/php/7.2/mods-available/xdebug.ini

   Add the following content:

   zend_extension=xdebug.so
   xdebug.default_enable=1
   xdebug.remote_enable=1
   xdebug.remote_handler=dbgp
   xdebug.remote_host=127.0.0.1
   xdebug.remote_port=9000
   xdebug.remote_autostart=1
   xdebug.profiler_enable_trigger=1
   xdebug.profiler_output_dir="/tmp"
   xdebug.profiler_output_name="cachegrind.out.%t.%p"

3. Restart Apache:

   sudo service apache2 restart

After the installation and configuration are complete, we can use Xdebug to analyze the performance of the application. Here are examples involving data queries:

1. Enable Xdebug’s tracing function:

xdebug_start_trace();

2. Code that requires performance tracking

...

3. Stop tracing

xdebug_stop_trace();

Performance tracing will record all SQL queries, and we can use KCacheGrind to view this information.

2. PHP Profile

PHP Profile is another extension with functions similar to Xdebug. It can provide the execution time of each function, the number of calls of each function and the number of calls per function. Information such as the amount of memory used by each function. Unlike Xdebug, in PHP Profile, we need to use an additional extension to enable performance analysis functionality.

Here are the steps to install and configure PHP Profile on Ubuntu:

1. Install PHP Profile:

   sudo apt-get install php-pear
   sudo pecl install -f xhprof

2. Edit PHP configuration file:

   sudo vim /etc/php/7.2/cli/php.ini

   Add the following:

   extension=xhprof.so

3. Restart Apache:

   sudo service apache2 restart

After installation and configuration are complete, we can use PHP Profile to analyze the performance of the application. Similar to Xdebug, we need to add performance tracking code to the code, as follows:

1. Enable the tracking function of PHP Profile:

xhprof_enable();

2. Code that requires performance tracking

...

3. Stop tracking

$xhprof_data = xhprof_disable();

Then, we can use Any tool that supports the xhprof data format can be used to view this information.

3. Check the code design and database query

In addition to using the tools introduced above, we can also find performance bottlenecks from the aspects of code design and database query.

When looking for problems in code design, we need to find repeated or complex logic and branches in the code to make the code clearer and simpler, thereby improving the maintainability and performance of the code.

When looking for problems with database queries, we need to check whether the query is necessary, whether there are unnecessary repeated queries, whether there is incorrect query syntax, and whether the correct index is used, etc.

4. Summary

Application performance monitoring is an important part of any development process. It can help us find the performance bottlenecks of the application and provide corresponding solutions to improve the application. performance. PHP is efficient, simple, and easy to learn, but it also requires application performance monitoring to find its performance problems. This article introduces some PHP application performance monitoring tools and technologies, including Xdebug, PHP Profile, etc., and hopes to be helpful to PHP developers.

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