How to use Memcache for PHP application cache management

With the development of the Internet and the rapid popularity of Web applications, caching has become a crucial link in PHP development. PHP cache management can greatly improve the performance of web applications, reduce network bandwidth usage and server database load, respond to requests more quickly, and increase user experience. This article will focus on how to use Memcache for PHP application cache management.

1. The basic concept of Memcache

Memcache is a high-speed distributed memory cache system that can improve the performance of web applications by caching key/value pairs in memory. Especially when accessing a large amount of duplicate data, the effect of Memcache is more obvious. Memcache is known for its high access speed, good scalability and high availability.

2. Install Memcache

Installing Memcache requires the Apache server and PHP language environment, and also requires the support of the libevent library. The following are the installation steps:

1. Install the libevent library:

    $ wget https://github.com/libevent/libevent/releases/download/release-2.1.11-stable/libevent-2.1.11-stable.tar.gz
    $ tar xvfz libevent-2.1.11-stable.tar.gz
    $ cd libevent-2.1.11-stable
    $ ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/libevent
    $ make && make install

2. Install the Memcache extension:

    $ wget https://github.com/websupport-sk/pecl-memcache/archive/NON_BLOCKING_IO_php7.zip
    $ unzip NON_BLOCKING_IO_php7.zip
    $ cd pecl-memcache-NON_BLOCKING_IO_php7
    $ phpize
    $ ./configure --with-libevent=/usr/local/libevent
    $ make && make install

3. Enable the Memcache extension in the php.ini file:

    extension=memcache.so

3. Use Memcache to cache data

Using Memcache to cache data requires several functions to coordinate and manage the data cache. The following are important functions used in PHP:

1. Connect to the Memcache server:

    $mem = new Memcache;
    $mem->connect('127.0.0.1', 11211);

2. Save data to the cache:

    $mem->set('key', 'value');

3. From the cache Get data:

    $mem->get('key');

4. Delete key:

    $mem->delete('key');

5. Clear all keys:

    $mem->flush();

4. Optimize cache management

Performance benefits of Memcache It's very obvious, but to maintain high access speeds, you need to manage the cache efficiently. The following is better cache management:

1. Set cache time

When storing data in the cache, you can set the cache time so that it automatically expires after a certain period of time. This is very important because without a data expiration mechanism, the cache will take up too much memory and cause Memcache instability.

    $mem->set('key', 'value', 0, 3600);

In this example, the data is only stored in the cache for 1 hour, after which it is considered expired.

2. Cache namespace

Another suggestion is to add a namespace when setting up the cache. This way, you avoid different keys being mistaken for the same key (for example, if two developers are working on two different features but using the same key name).

    $mem->set('namespace_key', 'value', 0, 3600);

3. Cache Sliding Window

In applications with high cache hit rates, in order to ensure the real-time performance of cached data, the cache sliding window mechanism can be used. This mechanism can avoid cache expiration while ensuring that expired data is updated in a timely manner.

    $mem->set('key', 'value', 0, 3600);
    $mem->touch('key', 3600);

The above will eliminate the hit entry and reset its remaining time to 3600 seconds. This approach ensures that the data in the cache is always up to date without causing a cache overflow.

5. Summary

Memcache is a high-performance cache management mechanism that can improve the performance and scalability of Web applications. This article introduces the basic operations of how to install and use Memcache, and how to improve application performance by optimizing cache management. I hope readers can benefit from it.

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