How to use Memcache caching technology in PHP to improve the large concurrency performance of the website

With the continuous development of Internet technology, the number of user visits to the website is increasing, and the number of concurrent visits is also increasing. In order to cope with this kind of high concurrent access, a common method is to use caching technology. In the PHP language, Memcache caching technology is a very effective solution.

Memcache is a distributed caching system that can cache large amounts of data in memory and quickly read it from memory, thereby improving the response speed and concurrency of the website. In this article, we will introduce how to use Memcache caching technology in PHP to optimize the large concurrency performance of the website.

1. Install and configure Memcache

Before using Memcache, you first need to install and configure the Memcache extension on the server. You can install the Memcache extension through the following command:

sudo apt-get install php-memcached

After the installation is completed, add the following configuration in the php.ini file:

extension=memcached.so

After the configuration is completed, you can use the phpinfo() function to check whether it has been The Memcache extension was successfully installed and configured.

2. Use Memcache to store and read data

Before using Memcache for caching, you need to first connect to the Memcache server:

$memcache = new Memcached();
$memcache->addServer('127.0.0.1', 11211);

Among them, the first parameter is Memcache The address of the server. The second parameter is the port number of the Memcache server. It should be noted that the Memcache server can be a single server or a cluster of multiple servers.

Once connected to the Memcache server, you can use the set() method to store data in the cache:

$memcache->set('key', 'value', 3600);

The first parameter is the key, and the second parameter is the value, and the third parameter is the cache time, in seconds. The time here can be adjusted according to actual needs. It is generally recommended to set it to a smaller value so that the cache can be updated faster.

When you need to read data from the cache, you can use the get() method:

$value = $memcache->get('key');
if ($value === false) {
    // 缓存中不存在该数据
} else {
    // 从缓存中获取到了数据
}

It should be noted that if the data does not exist in the cache, the get() method will Return false.

3. Use Memcache to improve website performance

Using Memcache to improve website performance generally requires the following aspects:

1. Page caching

Cache the frequently accessed data of the page in Memcache, which can greatly reduce the number of visits to the database, thus improving the response speed and concurrency of the website.

For example, for a news homepage, you can cache the recently published news list in Memcache:

$key = 'news_list';
$value = $memcache->get($key);
if ($value === false) {
    // 缓存中不存在新闻列表，从数据库中获取
    $value = getNewsListFromDatabase();
    // 将获取到的新闻列表存储到缓存中
    $memcache->set($key, $value, 3600);
}
// 输出新闻列表
echo $value;

2. Database query cache

Use Memcache to cache database query results. It can greatly reduce the number of accesses to the database, thus improving the response speed and concurrency of the website.

For example, for a product details page, the basic information of the product can be cached in Memcache:

$key = 'product_info_' . $product_id;
$value = $memcache->get($key);
if ($value === false) {
    // 缓存中不存在商品的基本信息，从数据库中获取
    $value = getProductInfoFromDatabase($product_id);
    // 将获取到的商品信息存储到缓存中
    $memcache->set($key, $value, 3600);
}
// 输出商品信息
echo $value;

3. Session cache

Cache the user's session data in Memcache , which can greatly reduce the number of accesses to the database, thereby improving the website's response speed and concurrency capabilities.

For example, for a shopping cart page, the shopping cart product information can be cached in Memcache:

$key = 'cart_items_' . $user_id;
$value = $memcache->get($key);
if ($value === false) {
    // 缓存中不存在购物车的商品信息，从数据库中获取
    $value = getCartItemsFromDatabase($user_id);
    // 将获取到的购物车商品信息存储到缓存中
    $memcache->set($key, $value, 60);
}
// 输出购物车商品列表
echo $value;

4. Conclusion

When dealing with high concurrent access, use Caching technology is a very important part. In the PHP language, Memcache caching technology is a very effective solution. By learning and applying Memcache, you can not only improve the website's response speed and concurrency, but also reduce the system's resource occupancy, thereby better meeting user needs.

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