Differences in python function parameters

In the process of using python, I found that when the function parameter is list , calling list.append() inside the function will change the formal parameters, which is different from C/C++. Check the relevant information and record it here

object

>>> num1 = 10>>> num2 = num1>>> num3 = 10>>> id(num1)4299190320>>> id(num2)4299190320>>> id(num3)4299190320

referencecounting, which is very similar to C++zhong’s smart pointer. The variableis assigned to The variable is equivalent to the reference counter of the same object + 1, instead of reallocating space.

>>> list1 = [,>>> list2 = [,>>> >>> 4302498128

• Copy parameters to objects in local scope by reference, which means that the variables used to access function parameters have nothing to do with the object raised to the function. Because there is a copy problem, this is the same as

  C language. And modifying the local object will not change the original data.

• You can modify the variable object in the appropriate location. . Variable objects are mainly lists and dictionaries. This position is essentially that the modification of the local sub-object analyzed earlier will not change the ID of the dictionary object or list object

##

def incrInt(num):
    pId(num)
    num += 1;
    pId(num)def incrList(listArg):
    pId(listArg)
    listArg.append(1);
    pId(listArg)def pId(arg):    print id(arg)
num1 = 10pId(num1)
incrInt(num1)print(num1)

list1 = [0,2]
pId(list1)
incrList(list1)print(list1)

The results are as follows:

 python test.py42991819044299181904429918188010433697991243369799124336979912[0, 2, 1]

You can see that inside the function, When the value of int is changed, num points to another memory address, and when the list is modified, it is at the same memory address.

In python, objects can be divided into mutable and immutable. ) two types, tuple, number,

(string) are all immutable objects, while dictionary and list ) object is a variable object So please pay attention when passing parameters

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