nginx - How to determine which language the website uses to develop the backend?

Question

For example: How to determine which language the website uses to develop the backend?

Answer 1

Thank you @ Elite Prince for mentioning my project: https://github.com/justjavac/ChromeSnifferPlus If you are interested, you can check the source code directly.

1. Judgment based on meta information

Many websites will add framework information in meta, such as Joomla, XOOPS, and MediaWiki will add generator; phpBB will add copyright; Avactis will add author. Through these, you can detect the website building system used by the website and know the language used.

2. Judge based on script tag

Same as above, detect the website building system used by the website to know the language used.

3. Based on header information

The language used in the background can be detected through x-powered-by of header information

4. According to session

According to the cookie that passes the session id, for example, the session ID used by PHP is PHPSESSID, and the session ID used by JSP is JSESSION.

5. According to error page

You can also see a lot of information through the error page. For example, the ticket booking website is developed in Java.

6. According to the directory structure

Including the structure of url, the structure of static files, etc. If a development framework or CMS system is used, these directory structures have certain rules.

7. Based on web content

You can use regular expressions to match HTML codes, find out the copyright and powered by, and then learn the language used.

8. According to server

Get the server information through 404 or header information, and then learn the programming language, such as nodejs, tomcat, etc.

Answer 2

This is a rather complicated question.

Judge based on url

For URLs with suffixes, it couldn’t be easier. .php is naturally developed by php, asp, aspx are the same, and of course there are .action .do and so on, which are generally java

Based on the static file structure

The differences between these different development frameworks are quite large. For example, rails will compress js into something similar like application-7fds7afds98afdsa8.js. Frameworks such as django also have their own naming rules.

According to the error page

There are some relatively second-rate pages. If you mess around with the page and deliberately make wrong submissions, an error page may pop up, which may have what you want (but there are websites with this situation, so it is of reference value. Not big either)

According to statement

Look at the word "powerd by" in the footer. If the website is built using current tools, there will be words such as "powerd by wordpress", "powered by django" and so on.

According to website recruitment

If the website has a recruitment section, you can guess what kind of developers they are recruiting.

Answer 3

Portal: BuiltWith on Chrome Webstore

Answer 4

https://github.com/justjavac/ChromeSnifferPlus

Answer 5

Sometimes there is an item X-Powered-By in the Response Header, and you can see the development language.

Answer 6

Theoretically, it is impossible to judge the backend development language 100% correctly through the interaction between the client and the server backend. Because the language is Turing equivalent, a different language can also develop a backend with the same performance. Come out. You can ask the relevant people in this background about the language they use.
For network frameworks in some languages, you can also capture the HTTP data stream and determine what framework is used based on the HTTP header field server, and then determine what language is used.

Answer 7

Add one more.
Sometimes you can tell what language their products are developed in by looking at what engineers their company is recruiting.

Answer 8

One thing to mention, you can look at the suffix such as xxx.php, then it may be php, but you are not sure, this can be changed

Answer 9

It is difficult to get all the results accurately. Whether it is the URL or anything else, it can be changed. I just want to make a rough guess based on experience. Of course, no processing has been done. For example, xx.php can be known. .

Answer 10

I used to look at form actions, but now websites are smarter