PDF.js cannot display rendered canvas image

Question

I have a React component that displays a PDF. When I use this component, I just need to pass the URL of the PDF.

<Previewer pdfUrl={pdfUrl}></Previewer>

The component handles the details of the preview. The problem I'm having is that this component doesn't display the PDF.Am I missing something? What should I do to solve this problem?下面是一个演示：

<code>const { StrictMode, useRef } = React;
const { createRoot } = ReactDOM;

const styles = {};

const Previewer = (props) => {

    const canvasRef = useRef(null);

    React.useEffect(() => {
        if (props.pdfUrl) {
            initPdf(props.pdfUrl);
        }
    }, []);
    
    // Converted async/await function to use promise because Stack Snippet's Babel version does not support async/await
    const initPdf = (pdfUrl) => {
        // Reference CDN version of PDF.js instead of using ES6 import
        const pdfJS = pdfjsLib;
        pdfJS.GlobalWorkerOptions.workerSrc = "https://unpkg.com/pdfjs-dist@3.9.179/build/pdf.worker.js";
        return pdfJS.getDocument({
            url: pdfUrl,
            cMapUrl: 'https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/pdfjs-dist@3.9.179/cmaps/',
            cMapPacked: true,
        }).promise.then((pdf) => {
            const totalPages = pdf.numPages;
            for (let i = 0; i < totalPages; i  ) {
                renderPdfPage(pdf, pdfJS, i   1);
            }
        });
    }
    
    // Converted async/await function to use promise because Stack Snippet's Babel version does not support async/await
    const renderPdfPage = (pdf, pdfJS, pageNum) => {
        return pdf.getPage(pageNum).then((page) => {
            const viewport = page.getViewport({
                scale: 1.0
            });
            let divPage = window.document.createElement("div");
            if(!canvasRef || !canvasRef.current) return;
            let canvas = divPage.appendChild(window.document.createElement("canvas"));
            const canvasContext = canvas.getContext('2d');
            canvas.height = viewport.height;
            canvas.width = viewport.width;
            const renderContext = { canvasContext, viewport };
            const renderTask = page.render(renderContext);
            renderTask.promise.then(function () {
                const textContent = page.getTextContent();
                return textContent;
            }).then(function (textContent) {
                const textLayer = document.querySelector(`.${styles.textLayer}`);
                if (!textLayer) return;
                textLayer.style.left = canvas.offsetLeft   'px';
                textLayer.style.top = canvas.offsetTop   'px';
                textLayer.style.height = canvas.offsetHeight   'px';
                textLayer.style.width = canvas.offsetWidth   'px';
                textLayer.style.setProperty('--scale-factor', '1.0');
                pdfJS.renderTextLayer({
                    textContentSource: textContent,
                    container: textLayer,
                    viewport: viewport,
                    textDivs: []
                });
            });
            canvasRef.current.appendChild(divPage);
        });
    }

    return (
        <div className={styles.cavasLayer}>
            <canvas id="the-cavas" ref={canvasRef} />
            {/**<div className={styles.textLayer}></div>**/}
        </div>
    );
}

const pdfUrl = "https://mozilla.github.io/pdf.js/web/compressed.tracemonkey-pldi-09.pdf"
const root = createRoot(document.getElementById("root"));
root.render(<StrictMode><Previewer pdfUrl={pdfUrl} /></StrictMode>);</code>

<code><script crossorigin src="https://unpkg.com/react@18/umd/react.development.js"></script>
<script crossorigin src="https://unpkg.com/react-dom@18/umd/react-dom.development.js"></script>
<script crossorigin src="https://unpkg.com/pdfjs-dist@3.9.179/build/pdf.js"></script>
<div id="root"></div></code>

Answer 1

question

In the renderPdfPage function, you create a div element that contains the canvas element that renders the PDF page. Then append these div elements to a canvas element. However, if the browser supports the canvas element, descendant elements of the canvas element will not be rendered. According to the specification of the canvas element:

The rollback content is defined as follows:

solution

You need to change the parent canvas to the appropriate element. In the demo below, I'm using a div:

const { StrictMode, useRef } = React;
const { createRoot } = ReactDOM;

const styles = {};

const Previewer = (props) => {

    const pdfContainerRef = useRef(null);

    React.useEffect(() => {
        if (props.pdfUrl) {
            initPdf(props.pdfUrl);
        }
    }, []);
    
    // Converted async/await function to use promise because Stack Snippet's Babel version does not support async/await
    const initPdf = (pdfUrl) => {
        // Reference CDN version of PDF.js instead of using ES6 import
        const pdfJS = pdfjsLib;
        pdfJS.GlobalWorkerOptions.workerSrc = "https://unpkg.com/pdfjs-dist@3.9.179/build/pdf.worker.js";
        return pdfJS.getDocument({
            url: pdfUrl,
            cMapUrl: 'https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/pdfjs-dist@3.9.179/cmaps/',
            cMapPacked: true,
        }).promise.then((pdf) => {
            const totalPages = pdf.numPages;
            for (let i = 0; i < totalPages; i++) {
                renderPdfPage(pdf, pdfJS, i + 1);
            }
        });
    }
    
    // Converted async/await function to use promise because Stack Snippet's Babel version does not support async/await
    const renderPdfPage = (pdf, pdfJS, pageNum) => {
        return pdf.getPage(pageNum).then((page) => {
            const viewport = page.getViewport({
                scale: 1.0
            });
            let divPage = window.document.createElement("div");
            if(!pdfContainerRef || !pdfContainerRef.current) return;
            let canvas = divPage.appendChild(window.document.createElement("canvas"));
            const canvasContext = canvas.getContext('2d');
            canvas.height = viewport.height;
            canvas.width = viewport.width;
            const renderContext = { canvasContext, viewport };
            const renderTask = page.render(renderContext);
            renderTask.promise.then(function () {
                const textContent = page.getTextContent();
                return textContent;
            }).then(function (textContent) {
                const textLayer = document.querySelector(`.${styles.textLayer}`);
                if (!textLayer) return;
                textLayer.style.left = canvas.offsetLeft + 'px';
                textLayer.style.top = canvas.offsetTop + 'px';
                textLayer.style.height = canvas.offsetHeight + 'px';
                textLayer.style.width = canvas.offsetWidth + 'px';
                textLayer.style.setProperty('--scale-factor', '1.0');
                pdfJS.renderTextLayer({
                    textContentSource: textContent,
                    container: textLayer,
                    viewport: viewport,
                    textDivs: []
                });
            });
            pdfContainerRef.current.appendChild(divPage);
        });
    }

    return (
        <div className={styles.cavasLayer}>
            <div id="pdf-container" ref={pdfContainerRef} />
            {/**<div className={styles.textLayer}></div>**/}
        </div>
    );
}

const pdfUrl = "https://mozilla.github.io/pdf.js/web/compressed.tracemonkey-pldi-09.pdf"
const root = createRoot(document.getElementById("root"));
root.render(<StrictMode><Previewer pdfUrl={pdfUrl} /></StrictMode>);

<script crossorigin src="https://unpkg.com/react@18/umd/react.development.js"></script>
<script crossorigin src="https://unpkg.com/react-dom@18/umd/react-dom.development.js"></script>
<script crossorigin src="https://unpkg.com/pdfjs-dist@3.9.179/build/pdf.js"></script>
<div id="root"></div>