python - 网站系统消息的模型该如何设计？（model要存哪些field？）

Question

因为考虑到扩展性，对于不同事务，提醒的内容不同且差别较大。无法确定消息的内容需要哪些域，并且考虑到效率问题也没有使用索引或者存放相应id。然后考虑用简单的处理，就是Notice只包含接收人，时间，是否已读，内容(str)。内容的生成交给不同模块自己处理，但是，这样也有问题，因为前端得到的是text/html，所以进一步加工的灵活性差。

我想了解的是，一般网站的消息模型是怎么样的呢？或者简单说，消息载体是如何承载信息的呢？

小弟刚接触后端，所以在此请求大家的指点，十分感谢！

Answer 1

Come and show you my website’s time-tested and extremely scalable notification table structure

CREATE TABLE `user_notification` (
  `id` int(10) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
  `author_id` int(10) NOT NULL DEFAULT '0',
  `type` int(10) NOT NULL DEFAULT '0' COMMENT '通知类型ID',
  `title` char(100) NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
  `identify` char(20) NOT NULL DEFAULT '' COMMENT '应用的ID(比如文章的aid,新鲜事的tid)',
  `extra_params` text NOT NULL COMMENT '附加参数',
  `is_read` tinyint(1) NOT NULL DEFAULT '0' COMMENT '是否已读',
  `is_ignore` tinyint(1) NOT NULL DEFAULT '0' COMMENT '是否忽略',
  `create_at` int(10) NOT NULL DEFAULT '0',
  `create_date` date NOT NULL,
  `update_at` int(10) NOT NULL DEFAULT '0',
  PRIMARY KEY (`id`),
  KEY `idx_read_updated` (`author_id`,`update_at`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=7 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8 ROW_FORMAT=COMPACT COMMENT='用户通知表';

Answer 2

The content only needs one string field. In this string, you can store JSON, XML, YAML, or even a Java class...
Anyway, it means you can put whatever you want into it.

Answer 3

A Schema extracted from foreign open source projects, please refer to (my project uses MongoDB for storage):

@Id
private Long id;


/**
 * Identifies the application that generated this message.
 * 标识生成此消息的应用程序
 */
private String appUrl;

/**
 * The main text of the message. HTML attributes are allowed and are sanitized by the container.
 * 消息内容，可以是html格式的，但需要注意代码安全
 */
private String body;

/**
 * The main text of the message as a message template. Specifies the message ID to use in the gadget xml.
 * 消息内容模板。在小工具XML中指定的消息ID
 */
private String bodyId;

/**
 * Identifies the messages collection IDs this message is contained in.
 * 标识的信息收集IDS此消息中包含的。
 */
private List<String> collectionIds;


/**
 * Message ID, use for threaded comments/messages. Reference the sematics of the Atom Threading model defined in rfc4685. URLs should be mapped to Atom <link rel="type" .../>
 * 消息ID，用于螺纹评论/消息。参考语义学的Atom在rfc4685中定义的线程模型。 URL应该被映射到Atom<link rel="type".../>
 */
private String inReplyTo;

/**
 * Array of person IDs.
 * 收信人
 */
@Indexed
private Long recipient;

/**
 * Array of message ids. Reference the sematics of the Atom Threading model defined in rfc4685. URLs should be mapped to Atom <link rel="type" .../>
 * 回复的消息ID集合
 */
private List<String> replies;

/**
 * Id of person who sent the message.
 * 发送人
 */
private String senderId;

/**
 * 发送人，
 * 注意：与senderId可以相重，例如张三、李四关注了您，senderId为系统发送，而senders#key则为张三、李四
 */
private Map<Long, String> senders;

/**
 * Status of the message. (NEW, READ, DELETED).
 * 消息状态：未读、已读、删除
*/
@org.springframework.data.annotation.Transient
private Status status;

/**
 * UTC time message was sent.
 * 消息发送时间
 */
private Date timeSent;

/**
 * The title of the message. HTML attributes are allowed and are sanitized by the container.
 * 可以带Html格式的消息标题
 */
private String title;

/**
 * The title of the message as a message template. Specifies the message ID to use in the gadget xml.
 * 消息标题模板。指定的消息ID中使用的小工具XML。
 * 用于邮件提交
 */
private String titleId;

/**
 * The type of the message.
 * 类型：邮件、通知、私信、公共消息(公告)
 */
@Indexed
private Type type;

/**
 * Last update for this message.
 * 最后更新时间
 */
private Date updated;

/**
 * List of related URLs for this message. Supported URL types include 'alternate', alternate for for this mailbox (text/html being the most common).
 * 此消息相关的URL列表。支持的URL类型包括备用，备用此邮箱（文本/ HTML是最常见的）
 */
private List<Url> urls;

Answer 4

I don’t know what aspect of the message model the questioner is asking about? If you are starting from an implementation perspective, I personally recommend learning about ContentType and Signals in Django. I believe it will be helpful to you.