社群
學習
工具庫
AI工具
休閒
搜尋
繁体中文
首頁 資料庫 mysql教程 Oracle单实例数据库迁移到OracleRAC环境之--数据导出导入

Oracle单实例数据库迁移到OracleRAC环境之--数据导出导入

WBOYWBOYWBOYWBOYWBOYWBOYWBOYWBOYWBOYWBOYWBOYWBOYWB
WBOYWBOYWBOYWBOYWBOYWBOYWBOYWBOYWBOYWBOYWBOYWBOYWB
Jun 07, 2016 pm 02:52 PM
oracle 實例 資料庫

Oracle单实例数据库迁移到Oracle RAC环境之--数据导出导入 系统环境： 操作系统：RedHat EL55 Oracle ： Oracle 11.2.0.1.0 集群软件：Oracle GI 11.2.0.1.0 本案例采用的是通过数据的导入导出（EXPDP/IMPDP)的迁移方式 650) this.width=650;" src="http://w

Oracle单实例数据库迁移到Oracle RAC环境之--数据导出导入

系统环境：

操作系统：RedHat EL55

Oracle ： Oracle 11.2.0.1.0

集群软件：Oracle GI 11.2.0.1.0

本案例采用的是通过数据的导入导出（EXPDP/IMPDP)的迁移方式

wKioL1N9ovKhMVJ1AAGFVMkanCc961.jpg


   从单实例的库迁移数据到RAC环境，可以有多种方式，通过数据的导出和导入也可以，但前提是数据库采用相同的字符集。

1、数据库环境

单实例：

17:35:59 SYS@ test1>SELECT * FROM V$VERSION;

BANNER
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.1.0 - 64bit Production
PL/SQL Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production
CORE    11.2.0.1.0      Production
TNS for Linux: Version 11.2.0.1.0 - Production
NLSRTL Version 11.2.0.1.0 - Production
Elapsed: 00:00:00.02
登入後複製


17:35:36 SYS@ test1>select userenv('LANGUAGE') FROM DUAL;

USERENV('LANGUAGE')
----------------------------------------------------
AMERICAN_AMERICA.ZHS16GBK
登入後複製
登入後複製

RAC 环境：

17:46:03 SYS@ prod1>SELECT * FROM V$VERSION;

BANNER
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production
PL/SQL Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production
CORE    11.2.0.1.0      Production
TNS for Linux: Version 11.2.0.1.0 - Production
NLSRTL Version 11.2.0.1.0 - Production
Elapsed: 00:00:00.16
登入後複製

17:46:29 SYS@ prod1>select instance_name,status from gv$instance;

INSTANCE_NAME    STATUS
---------------- ------------
prod1            OPEN
prod2            OPEN
登入後複製

17:45:40 SYS@ prod1>select userenv('LANGUAGE') FROM DUAL;

USERENV('LANGUAGE')
----------------------------------------------------
AMERICAN_AMERICA.ZHS16GBK
登入後複製
登入後複製

2、建立测试环境

单实例：

17:38:26 SYS@ test1>create tablespace test01

17:41:40 2 datafile '/dsk1/oradata/test1/test01.dbf' size 100m;

Tablespace created.

17:43:49 SYS@ test1>create user test1 identified by test1

17:44:00 2 default tablespace test01

17:44:00 3 temporary tablespace tmpgp1

17:44:00 4 quota unlimited on test01

17:44:00 5 account unlock;

17:44:00 SYS@ test1>grant connect ,resource to test1;

Grant succeeded.

17:50:34 SYS@ test1>conn test1/test1

Connected.

17:50:41 TEST1@ test1>create table testtb1 tablespace test01 as select * from scott.emp;

Table created.

Elapsed: 00:00:00.25

17:50:52 TEST1@ test1>create index test_empno_ind on testtb1(empno) tablespace indx;

Index created.

Elapsed: 00:00:00.05

如果做表空间传输，需要对表空间做自包含检测：


17:51:15 SYS@ test1>EXECUTE DBMS_TTS.TRANSPORT_SET_CHECK('test01', TRUE);

PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.

Elapsed: 00:01:04.07

17:52:25 SYS@ test1>SELECT * FROM TRANSPORT_SET_VIOLATIONS;

no rows selected

Elapsed: 00:00:00.05

创建导出传输目录：

17:52:43 SYS@ test1>create directory exp_dir as '/home/oracle/exp';

Directory created.

Elapsed: 00:00:00.07

17:53:24 SYS@ test1>grant read,write on directory exp_dir to test1;

Grant succeeded.

Elapsed: 00:00:00.06

17:53:39 SYS@ test1>!mkdir ~/exp


导出schema：

[oracle@rh6 exp]$ expdp test1/test1 directory=exp_dir dumpfile=test.dmp logfile=test.log schemas=test1

Export: Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production on Thu Jul 10 17:59:05 2014
Copyright (c) 1982, 2009, Oracle and/or its affiliates.  All rights reserved.
Connected to: Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.1.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options
Starting "TEST1"."SYS_EXPORT_SCHEMA_02":  test1/******** directory=exp_dir dumpfile=test.dmp logfile=test.log schemas=test1 
Estimate in progress using BLOCKS method...
Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/TABLE_DATA
Total estimation using BLOCKS method: 256 KB
Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/PRE_SCHEMA/PROCACT_SCHEMA
Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/TABLE
Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/INDEX/INDEX
Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/CONSTRAINT/CONSTRAINT
Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/INDEX/STATISTICS/INDEX_STATISTICS
Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/COMMENT
. . exported "TEST1"."SYS_EXPORT_SCHEMA_01"              139.4 KB    1073 rows
. . exported "TEST1"."TESTTB1"                           8.570 KB      14 rows
Master table "TEST1"."SYS_EXPORT_SCHEMA_02" successfully loaded/unloaded
******************************************************************************
Dump file set for TEST1.SYS_EXPORT_SCHEMA_02 is:
  /home/oracle/exp/test.dmp
Job "TEST1"."SYS_EXPORT_SCHEMA_02" successfully completed at 17:59:28
登入後複製
登入後複製


3、在RAC环境下导入数据：

从单实例传输dump文件到RAC环境下：


[oracle@rh6 exp]$ scp *.dmp 192.168.8.21:/u01/exp

The authenticity of host '192.168.8.21 (192.168.8.21)' can't be established.
RSA key fingerprint is 39:04:88:3b:54:34:3c:34:d2:df:74:37:fe:5f:92:2d.
Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? yes
Warning: Permanently added '192.168.8.21' (RSA) to the list of known hosts.
oracle@192.168.8.21's password: 
test.dmp                                                                                 100%  428KB 428.0KB/s   00:00
登入後複製

在RAC下建立表空间和Schema： 

18:16:28 SYS@ prod1>create tablespace test01;
Tablespace created.
Elapsed: 00:00:06.27
18:19:19 SYS@ prod1>create tablespace indx;
Tablespace created.
Elapsed: 00:00:05.81
18:19:36 SYS@ prod1>select file_name,file_id,tablespace_name,bytes/1024/1024 from dba_data_files;
FILE_NAME                                             FILE_ID TABLESPACE_NAME                BYTES/1024/1024
-------------------------------------------------- ---------- ---------------------------
+DG1/prod/datafile/users.259.852387481                      4 USERS                                        5
+DG1/prod/datafile/undotbs1.258.852292707                   3 UNDOTBS1                                   105
+DG1/prod/datafile/sysaux.257.852292707                     2 SYSAUX                                     630
+DG1/prod/datafile/system.256.852292703                     1 SYSTEM                                     690
+DG1/prod/datafile/example.264.852292891                    5 EXAMPLE                                103.125
+DG1/prod/datafile/undotbs2.265.852293259                   6 UNDOTBS2                                    50
+DG1/prod/datafile/tbs1.269.852376681                       7 TBS1                                       100
+DG1/prod/datafile/test01.273.852574753                     8 TEST01                                     100
+DG1/prod/datafile/indx.274.852574771                       9 INDX                                       100
9 rows selected.
登入後複製
18:14:34 SYS@ prod1>create user test1 identified by test1
18:14:49   2      default tablespace users
18:14:49   3      temporary tablespace temp
18:14:49   4     quota unlimited on  users
18:14:49   5    account unlock;
User created.
Elapsed: 00:00:00.15
18:14:50 SYS@ prod1>
18:14:50 SYS@ prod1>grant connect,resource to test1;
Grant succeeded.
登入後複製

建立数据导入目录：

18:15:31 SYS@ prod1>create directory imp_dir as '/u01/exp';
Directory created.
18:16:08 SYS@ prod1>grant read,write on directory imp_dir to test1;
Grant succeeded.
Elapsed: 00:00:00.16
[root@node1 ~]# mkdir -p /u01/exp
[root@node1 ~]# chown -R oracle:dba /u01/exp
登入後複製

导入数据：


[root@node1 ~]# su - oracle

[oracle@node1 ~]$ cd /u01/exp

[oracle@node1 exp]$ ls

test.dmp

[oracle@node1 exp]$ impdp test1/test1 directory=imp_dir dumpfile=test.dmp logfile=test.log schemas=test1

Import: Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production on Thu Jul 10 18:21:05 2014
Copyright (c) 1982, 2009, Oracle and/or its affiliates.  All rights reserved.
Connected to: Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production
With the Partitioning, Real Application Clusters, Automatic Storage Management, OLAP,
Data Mining and Real Application Testing options
Master table "TEST1"."SYS_IMPORT_SCHEMA_01" successfully loaded/unloaded
Starting "TEST1"."SYS_IMPORT_SCHEMA_01":  test1/******** directory=imp_dir dumpfile=test.dmp logfile=test.log schemas=test1 
Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/PRE_SCHEMA/PROCACT_SCHEMA
Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/TABLE
Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/TABLE_DATA
. . imported "TEST1"."SYS_EXPORT_SCHEMA_01"              139.4 KB    1073 rows
. . imported "TEST1"."TESTTB1"                           8.570 KB      14 rows
Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/INDEX/INDEX
Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/CONSTRAINT/CONSTRAINT
Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/INDEX/STATISTICS/INDEX_STATISTICS
Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/COMMENT
Job "TEST1"."SYS_IMPORT_SCHEMA_01" successfully completed at 18:21:42
登入後複製

数据导入成功！


4、验证：

18:19:45 SYS@ prod1>conn test1/test1
Connected.
18:22:20 TEST1@ prod1>select * from tab;
TNAME                          TABTYPE  CLUSTERID
------------------------------ ------- ----------
SYS_EXPORT_SCHEMA_01           TABLE
TESTTB1                        TABLE
Elapsed: 00:00:00.08
18:22:24 TEST1@ prod1>select * from testtb1;
     EMPNO ENAME      JOB              MGR HIREDATE         SAL       COMM     DEPTNO
---------- ---------- --------- ---------- --------- ---------- ---------- ----------
      7369 SMITH      CLERK           7902 17-DEC-80        800                    20
      7499 ALLEN      SALESMAN        7698 20-FEB-81       1600        300         30
      7521 WARD       SALESMAN        7698 22-FEB-81       1250        500         30
      7566 JONES      MANAGER         7839 02-APR-81       2975                    20
      7654 MARTIN     SALESMAN        7698 28-SEP-81       1250       1400         30
      7698 BLAKE      MANAGER         7839 01-MAY-81       2850                    30
      7782 CLARK      MANAGER         7839 09-JUN-81       2450                    10
      7788 SCOTT      ANALYST         7566 19-APR-87       3000                    40
      7839 KING       PRESIDENT            17-NOV-81       5000                    10
      7844 TURNER     SALESMAN        7698 08-SEP-81       1500          0         30
      7876 ADAMS      CLERK           7788 23-MAY-87       1100                    20
      7900 JAMES      CLERK           7698 03-DEC-81        950                    30
      7902 FORD       ANALYST         7566 03-DEC-81       3000                    20
      7934 MILLER     CLERK           7782 23-JAN-82       1300                    10
14 rows selected.
Elapsed: 00:00:00.02
18:22:34 TEST1@ prod1>
17:47:08 SYS@ prod2>conn test1/test1
Connected.
18:22:54 TEST1@ prod2>select * from testtb1;
     EMPNO ENAME      JOB              MGR HIREDATE         SAL       COMM     DEPTNO
---------- ---------- --------- ---------- --------- ---------- ---------- ----------
      7369 SMITH      CLERK           7902 17-DEC-80        800                    20
      7499 ALLEN      SALESMAN        7698 20-FEB-81       1600        300         30
      7521 WARD       SALESMAN        7698 22-FEB-81       1250        500         30
      7566 JONES      MANAGER         7839 02-APR-81       2975                    20
      7654 MARTIN     SALESMAN        7698 28-SEP-81       1250       1400         30
      7698 BLAKE      MANAGER         7839 01-MAY-81       2850                    30
      7782 CLARK      MANAGER         7839 09-JUN-81       2450                    10
      7788 SCOTT      ANALYST         7566 19-APR-87       3000                    40
      7839 KING       PRESIDENT            17-NOV-81       5000                    10
      7844 TURNER     SALESMAN        7698 08-SEP-81       1500          0         30
      7876 ADAMS      CLERK           7788 23-MAY-87       1100                    20
      7900 JAMES      CLERK           7698 03-DEC-81        950                    30
      7902 FORD       ANALYST         7566 03-DEC-81       3000                    20
      7934 MILLER     CLERK           7782 23-JAN-82       1300                    10
14 rows selected.
Elapsed: 00:00:00.31
登入後複製

数据导入错误案例：

错误（1）：

[oracle@rh6 ~]$ expdp test1/test1 directory=exp_dir dumpfile=~/exp/test.dmp logfile=~/exp/test.log schemas=test1

Export: Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production on Thu Jul 10 17:55:21 2014

Copyright (c) 1982, 2009, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Connected to: Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.1.0 - 64bit Production

With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options

ORA-39002: invalid operation

ORA-39070: Unable to open the log file.

ORA-39088: file name cannot contain a path specification

在dumpfile和logfile指定的参数不能指定路径！

错误（2）：

[oracle@rh6 ~]$ cd exp

[oracle@rh6 exp]$ expdp test1/test1 directory=exp_dir dumpfile=test.dmp logfile=test.log schemas=test1

Export: Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production on Thu Jul 10 17:56:19 2014

Copyright (c) 1982, 2009, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Connected to: Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.1.0 - 64bit Production

With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options

Starting "TEST1"."SYS_EXPORT_SCHEMA_01": test1/******** directory=exp_dir dumpfile=test.dmp logfile=test.log schemas=test1

Estimate in progress using BLOCKS method...

Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/TABLE_DATA

Total estimation using BLOCKS method: 64 KB

Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/PRE_SCHEMA/PROCACT_SCHEMA

Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/TABLE

Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/INDEX/INDEX

Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/CONSTRAINT/CONSTRAINT

Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/INDEX/STATISTICS/INDEX_STATISTICS

Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/COMMENT

UDE-04031: operation generated ORACLE error 4031

ORA-04031: unable to allocate 32 bytes of shared memory ("shared pool","SELECT job_id FROM v$datapum...","SQLA","tmp")

ORA-06512: at "SYS.KUPV$FT_INT", line 2904

ORA-06512: at "SYS.KUPC$QUE_INT", line 572

ORA-25254: time-out in LISTEN while waiting for a message

ORA-06512: at "SYS.DBMS_DATAPUMP", line 3263

ORA-06512: at "SYS.DBMS_DATAPUMP", line 4488

ORA-06512: at line 1

出现了ORA-04031错误，应该和share pool 有关系！


查看系统共享池：

17:57:59 SYS@ test1>show parameter shared

NAME                                 TYPE                             VALUE
------------------------------------ -------------------------------- -------------------
hi_shared_memory_address             integer                          0
max_shared_servers                   integer
shared_memory_address                integer                          0
shared_pool_reserved_size            big integer                      12M
shared_pool_size                     big integer                      112M
shared_server_sessions               integer
shared_servers                       integer                          0
登入後複製

调整share pool的size：

17:58:01 SYS@ test1>alter system set shared_pool_size=200m ;

System altered.

Elapsed: 00:00:00.65

调整后重新导出成功：

[oracle@rh6 exp]$ expdp test1/test1 directory=exp_dir dumpfile=test.dmp logfile=test.log schemas=test1

Export: Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production on Thu Jul 10 17:59:05 2014
Copyright (c) 1982, 2009, Oracle and/or its affiliates.  All rights reserved.
Connected to: Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.1.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options
Starting "TEST1"."SYS_EXPORT_SCHEMA_02":  test1/******** directory=exp_dir dumpfile=test.dmp logfile=test.log schemas=test1 
Estimate in progress using BLOCKS method...
Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/TABLE_DATA
Total estimation using BLOCKS method: 256 KB
Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/PRE_SCHEMA/PROCACT_SCHEMA
Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/TABLE
Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/INDEX/INDEX
Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/CONSTRAINT/CONSTRAINT
Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/INDEX/STATISTICS/INDEX_STATISTICS
Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/COMMENT
. . exported "TEST1"."SYS_EXPORT_SCHEMA_01"              139.4 KB    1073 rows
. . exported "TEST1"."TESTTB1"                           8.570 KB      14 rows
Master table "TEST1"."SYS_EXPORT_SCHEMA_02" successfully loaded/unloaded
******************************************************************************
Dump file set for TEST1.SYS_EXPORT_SCHEMA_02 is:
  /home/oracle/exp/test.dmp
Job "TEST1"."SYS_EXPORT_SCHEMA_02" successfully completed at 17:59:28
登入後複製
登入後複製


@至此，数据迁移完成！

本網站聲明
本文內容由網友自願投稿，版權歸原作者所有。本站不承擔相應的法律責任。如發現涉嫌抄襲或侵權的內容，請聯絡admin@php.cn

熱AI工具

Undresser.AI Undress

Undresser.AI Undress

人工智慧驅動的應用程序，用於創建逼真的裸體照片

AI Clothes Remover

AI Clothes Remover

用於從照片中去除衣服的線上人工智慧工具。

Undress AI Tool

Undress AI Tool

免費脫衣圖片

Clothoff.io

Clothoff.io

AI脫衣器

Video Face Swap

Video Face Swap

使用我們完全免費的人工智慧換臉工具，輕鬆在任何影片中換臉！

顯示更多

熱門文章

如何修復KB5055523無法在Windows 11中安裝？
3 週前 By DDD
如何修復KB5055518無法在Windows 10中安裝？
3 週前 By DDD
<🎜>：死鐵路 - 如何馴服狼
4 週前 By DDD
R.E.P.O.的每個敵人和怪物的力量水平
4 週前 By 尊渡假赌尊渡假赌尊渡假赌
<🎜>：種植花園 - 完整的突變指南
2 週前 By DDD
顯示更多

熱工具

記事本++7.3.1

記事本++7.3.1

好用且免費的程式碼編輯器

SublimeText3漢化版

SublimeText3漢化版

中文版，非常好用

禪工作室 13.0.1

禪工作室 13.0.1

強大的PHP整合開發環境

Dreamweaver CS6

Dreamweaver CS6

視覺化網頁開發工具

SublimeText3 Mac版

SublimeText3 Mac版

神級程式碼編輯軟體(SublimeText3)

顯示更多

熱門話題

Java教學
1662
14
CakePHP 教程
1418
52
Laravel 教程
1311
25
PHP教程
1261
29
C# 教程
1234
24
顯示更多
Related knowledge
MySQL：世界上最受歡迎的數據庫的簡介 MySQL：世界上最受歡迎的數據庫的簡介 Apr 12, 2025 am 12:18 AM

MySQL是一種開源的關係型數據庫管理系統，主要用於快速、可靠地存儲和檢索數據。其工作原理包括客戶端請求、查詢解析、執行查詢和返回結果。使用示例包括創建表、插入和查詢數據，以及高級功能如JOIN操作。常見錯誤涉及SQL語法、數據類型和權限問題，優化建議包括使用索引、優化查詢和分錶分區。

為什麼要使用mysql？利益和優勢 為什麼要使用mysql？利益和優勢 Apr 12, 2025 am 12:17 AM

選擇MySQL的原因是其性能、可靠性、易用性和社區支持。 1.MySQL提供高效的數據存儲和檢索功能，支持多種數據類型和高級查詢操作。 2.採用客戶端-服務器架構和多種存儲引擎，支持事務和查詢優化。 3.易於使用，支持多種操作系統和編程語言。 4.擁有強大的社區支持，提供豐富的資源和解決方案。

oracle怎麼循環創建游標 oracle怎麼循環創建游標 Apr 12, 2025 am 06:18 AM

Oracle 中，FOR LOOP 循環可動態創建游標， 步驟為：1. 定義游標類型；2. 創建循環；3. 動態創建游標；4. 執行游標；5. 關閉游標。示例：可循環創建游標，顯示前 10 名員工姓名和工資。

oracle日誌寫滿怎麼辦 oracle日誌寫滿怎麼辦 Apr 12, 2025 am 06:09 AM

Oracle 日誌文件寫滿時，可採用以下解決方案：1）清理舊日誌文件；2）增加日誌文件大小；3）增加日誌文件組；4）設置自動日誌管理；5）重新初始化數據庫。在實施任何解決方案前，建議備份數據庫以防數據丟失。

HDFS配置CentOS需要哪些步驟 HDFS配置CentOS需要哪些步驟 Apr 14, 2025 pm 06:42 PM

在CentOS系統上搭建Hadoop分佈式文件系統（HDFS）需要多個步驟，本文提供一個簡要的配置指南。一、前期準備安裝JDK:在所有節點上安裝JavaDevelopmentKit(JDK)，版本需與Hadoop兼容。可從Oracle官網下載安裝包。環境變量配置:編輯/etc/profile文件，設置Java和Hadoop的環境變量，使系統能夠找到JDK和Hadoop的安裝路徑。二、安全配置：SSH免密登錄生成SSH密鑰:在每個節點上使用ssh-keygen命令

甲骨文在商業世界中的作用 甲骨文在商業世界中的作用 Apr 23, 2025 am 12:01 AM

Oracle不僅是數據庫公司，還是雲計算和ERP系統的領導者。 1.Oracle提供從數據庫到雲服務和ERP系統的全面解決方案。 2.OracleCloud挑戰AWS和Azure，提供IaaS、PaaS和SaaS服務。 3.Oracle的ERP系統如E-BusinessSuite和FusionApplications幫助企業優化運營。

oracle數據庫怎麼停止 oracle數據庫怎麼停止 Apr 12, 2025 am 06:12 AM

要停止 Oracle 數據庫，請執行以下步驟：1. 連接到數據庫；2. 優雅關機數據庫（shutdown immediate）；3. 完全關機數據庫（shutdown abort）。

MySQL與其他數據庫：比較選項 MySQL與其他數據庫：比較選項 Apr 15, 2025 am 12:08 AM

MySQL適合Web應用和內容管理系統，因其開源、高性能和易用性而受歡迎。 1)與PostgreSQL相比，MySQL在簡單查詢和高並發讀操作上表現更好。 2)相較Oracle，MySQL因開源和低成本更受中小企業青睞。 3)對比MicrosoftSQLServer，MySQL更適合跨平台應用。 4)與MongoDB不同，MySQL更適用於結構化數據和事務處理。

See all articles