溢流閥是家庭管道系統中至關重要的組件，但有時會出現故障。了解常見故障的原因並學習排除步驟對於確保管道系統的平穩運作至關重要。在本文中，php小編百草將深入探討溢流閥的常見故障，並提供逐步指導，幫助您輕鬆排除問題。
一、溢流閥的常見故障如何排除？
溢流閥在使用中，常見的故障有雜訊、振動、閥芯徑向卡緊和調壓失靈等。
(一) 噪音和振動
液壓裝置中容易產生噪音的元件一般認為是泵浦和閥，閥中又以溢流閥和電磁換向閥等為主。產生噪音的因素很多。溢流閥的噪音有流速聲和機械聲二種。流速聲中主要由油液振動、電洞以及液壓衝擊等原因產生的噪音。機械聲中主要由閥中零件的撞擊和磨擦等原因所產生的噪音。
(1) 壓力不均勻所造成的噪音
先導型溢流閥的導閥部分是一個易振部位。在高壓情況下溢流時，導閥的軸向開口很小，僅0.003～0.006公分。過流面積很小，流速很高，可達200公尺/秒，容易造成壓力分佈不均勻，使錐閥徑向力不平衡而產生振動。另外錐閥及錐閥座加工時產生的橢圓度、導閥口的髒物黏住及調壓彈簧變形等，也會造成錐閥的振動。所以一般認為導閥是發生噪音的振源部位。
由於有彈性元件(彈簧)和運動質量(錐閥)的存在，構成了一個產生振盪的條件，而導閥前腔又起了一個共振腔的作用，所以錐閥發生振動後易引起整個閥的共振而發出噪音，發生噪音時一般多伴隨有劇烈的壓力跳動。
(2) 電洞產生的噪音
當由於各種原因，空氣被吸入油液中，或者在油液壓力低於大氣壓力時，溶解在油液中的部分空氣就會析出形成氣泡，這些氣泡在低壓區時體積較大，當隨油液流到高壓區時，受到壓縮，體積突然變小或氣泡消失;反之，如在高壓區時體積本來較小，而當流到低壓區時，體積突然增大，油中氣泡體積這種急速改變的現象。氣泡體積的突然改變會產生噪音，又因為這個過程發生在瞬間，將會造成局部液壓衝擊而產生振動。先導型溢流閥的導閥口和主閥口，油液流速和壓力的變化很大，容易出現電洞現象，因此產生噪音和振動。
(3) 液壓衝擊產生的噪音
先導型溢流閥在卸荷時，會因液壓迴路的壓力急驟下降而發生壓力衝擊噪音。越是高壓大容量的工作條件，這種衝擊噪音越大，這是由於溢流閥的卸載時間很短而產生液壓衝擊所致在卸荷時，由於油流速急劇變化，引起壓力突變，造成壓力波的衝擊。壓力波是一個小的衝擊波，本身產生的噪音很小，但隨油液傳到系統中，如果同任何一個機械零件發生共振，就可能加大振動和增強噪音。所以發生液壓衝擊噪音時，一般多伴隨系統振動。
(4) 機械噪音
先導型溢流閥發出的機械噪聲，一般來自零件的撞擊和由於加工誤差等產生的零件磨擦。
在先導型溢流閥發出的噪音中，有時會有機械性的高頻振動聲，一般稱它為自激振動聲。這是主閥和導閥因高頻振動而發生的聲音。它的發生率與回油管道的配置、流量、壓力、油溫(黏度)等因素有關。一般情況下，管道口徑小、流量少、壓力高、油液黏度低，自激振動發生率就高。
減小或消除先導型溢流閥噪音和振動的措施，一般是在導閥部分加置消振元件。
消振套一般固定在導閥前腔，即共振腔內，不能自由活動。在消振套上都設有各種阻尼孔，以增加阻尼來消除震動。另外，由於共振腔內增加了零件，使共振腔的容積減小，油液在負壓時剛度增加，根據剛度大的元件不易發生共振的原理，就能減少共振的可能性。
消振墊一般與共振腔活動配合，能自由運動。消振墊正反面都有一條節流槽，油液在流動時能產生阻尼作用，以改變原來的流動狀況。由於消振墊的加入，增加了一個振動元件，擾亂了原來的共振頻率。共振腔增加了消振墊，同樣減少了容積，增加了油液受壓時的剛度，以減少共振的可能性。
在消振螺堵上設有蓄氣小孔和節流邊，蓄氣小孔中因留有空氣，空氣在受壓時壓縮，壓縮空氣具有吸振作用，相當於一個微型吸振器。小孔中空氣壓縮時，油液充入，膨脹時，油液壓出，這樣就增加了一個附加流動，以改變原來的流動情況。故也能減小或消除噪音和振動。
另外，如果溢流閥本身的組裝或使用權用不當，也會造成振動，產生噪音。如三節同心式溢流閥，裝配時三節同心配合不當，使用時流量過大或過小，錐閥的不正常磨損等。在這種情況下，應認真檢查調整，或更換零件。
溢流閥的常見故障如何排除
(二) 閥芯徑向卡緊
因加工精度的影響，造成主閥芯徑向卡緊，使主閥開啟不上壓或主閥關閉不因加工精度的影響，造成主閥芯徑向卡緊，使主閥開啟不上壓或主閥關閉不因加工精度的影響，造成主閥芯徑向卡緊，使主閥開啟不上壓或主閥關閉不上卸壓，另因污染造成徑向卡緊。
(三) 調壓失靈
溢流閥在使用中有時會出現調壓失靈現象。先導型溢流閥調壓失靈現像有二種情況：一種是調節調壓手輪建立不起壓力，或壓力達不到額定數值;另一種調節手輪壓力不下降，甚至不斷升壓。出現調壓失靈，除閥芯因種種原因造成徑向卡緊外，還有下列一些原因：
第一是主閥體(2)阻尼器堵塞，油壓傳遞不到主閥上腔和導閥前腔，導閥就失去主閥壓力的調節作用。因主閥上腔無油壓力，彈簧力又很小，所以主閥變成了一個彈簧力很小的直動型溢流閥，在進油腔壓力很低的情況下，主閥就打開溢流，系統就建立不起壓力。
壓力達不到額定值的原因，是調壓彈簧變形或選用錯誤，調壓彈簧壓縮行程不夠，閥的內部洩漏過大，或導閥部分錐閥過度磨損等。
第二是阻尼器(3)堵塞，油壓傳遞不到錐閥上，導閥就失去了支主閥壓力的調節作用。阻尼器(小孔)阻塞後，在任何壓力下錐閥都不會打開溢流油液，閥內始終無油液流動，主閥上下腔壓力一直相等，由於主閥芯上端環形承壓面積大於下端環形承壓面積，所以主閥也永遠關閉，不會溢流，主閥壓力隨負載增加而上升。當執行機構停止工作時，系統壓力就會無限升高。除這些原因以外，尚需檢查外控口是否堵住，錐閥安裝是否良好等。
(四) 其它故障
溢流閥在裝配或使用中，由於O形密封圈、組合密封圈的損壞，或者安裝螺絲、管接頭的鬆動，都可能造成不應有的外洩漏。
如果錐閥或主閥芯磨損過大，或密封面接觸不良，也會造成內洩漏過大，甚至影響正常工作。
電磁溢流閥常見的故障有先導電磁閥工作失靈、主閥調壓失靈和卸載時的衝擊噪音等。後者可藉由調整加置的緩衝器來減少或消除。如不附緩衝器，則可在主閥溢流口加一背壓閥。 (壓力一般調至5kgf/cm2左右，即0.5MPa)。
二、冰櫃常見故障排除
冰櫃常見故障排除
冰櫃是家庭中常用的電器之一，可以提供我們保存食材和冷飲的便利。然而，冰櫃在長時間使用過程中，有時會出現一些故障，影響到正常使用。本文將介紹一些常見的冰櫃故障，並提供相應的排除方法，幫助您快速解決問題，讓冰櫃恢復正常運作狀態。
冷凍效果差
如果您發現冰櫃的冷卻效果變差，可能是由於以下原因導致的：
冰櫃門未關閉好，導致冷氣外洩。 冰櫃周圍有堆積的灰塵，影響散熱效果。 冰櫃的溫控器設定不當。 冷凝器散熱片被異物遮擋。
解決方法：請確保冰櫃門關閉嚴密，定期清潔冰櫃周圍的灰塵，調整溫控器至適當的溫度，清理冷凝器散熱片上的異物。
冰櫃有異味
若冰櫃內有異味散發，可能是下列原因造成的：
食物未包裝好，散發出異味。 冰櫃內有黴菌或細菌滋生。 冷凍室長時間未清理。
解決方法：及時清理冰櫃內的食物殘渣，定期清潔冷凍室，使用專門的消臭劑去除異味。
冰櫃漏水
冰櫃漏水可能是由以下原因造成的：
冰櫃排水孔堵塞。 冰櫃密封條老化。 冰櫃除霜系統故障。
解決方法：清潔冰櫃的排水孔，更換老化的密封條，檢修或更換除霜系統，保持冰櫃內部乾燥。
冰櫃無法啟動
如果冰櫃無法啟動，您可以按以下步驟排除故障：
Check whether the power plug is plugged in tightly. Check the power cord for damage. Make sure the power switch is on. Check if the fuse is blown.
Solution: Make sure the power plug is plugged in tightly, replace the damaged power cord, turn on the power switch, and replace the broken fuse.
Conclusion
In daily use, freezers sometimes encounter some malfunctions, but most of them can be solved through simple troubleshooting methods. Regular maintenance and cleaning of your freezer is key to avoiding breakdowns, and using your freezer correctly can extend its life. We hope that the common troubleshooting methods for freezers introduced above can help you to restore your freezer to normal operation and provide good refrigeration and freezing functions for your family.
3. Common faults and troubleshooting that novice car users must know?
When many of my friends first touched a car, they felt that the car was a very mysterious thing. They were afraid that if they were not careful, the car would be damaged. It is a very valuable thing. In fact, it is not that exaggerated. Today I will tell you about the common faults of this car.
1
The brake indicator light is on
The brake indicator light is on. During our daily driving, the most likely cause is that the brake pads are too thin or the brake fluid level is low. This should not be done carelessly, it is a serious safety hazard. If you are unfortunately shot, be sure to pull over first and check to see if there are any signs of brake fluid leakage. If there is any suggestion, ask for a tow truck to rescue you. If not, don’t drive the car too fast. Find a nearby repair shop to repair it before hitting the road.
2 Flawed. Wait for a while at idle speed to see if the water temperature has gone down. If not, turn off the engine and let the car dry for a while before unscrewing the water tank cap and adding water. Remember, it is the water tank cap and not the auxiliary water tank. Be sure to put a towel when unscrewing to prevent burns. This thing It may be caused by the aging of the water tank cover. When repairing it, don't let the unscrupulous repair shop fool you. They will tell you that the water pump is reimbursed.
3 Just fill it up. If it still doesn't work, check to see if there is a problem with the booster oil. Finally, think about the expensive booster system. To be honest, I have never encountered problems with the booster system in so many cars I have handled.
4
The headlights don’t light up
This is actually easy to say. It’s probably because the car’s insurance is burned out. Find the insurance location on your car, follow the numbers on it to find the headlight, then take it off and replace it. However, either the contact is poor, the bulbs are not broken enough, and the cost of replacement is not too high.
5
Blue smoke
Blue smoke coming out of the exhaust pipe is accompanied by a burnt smell, and the noise becomes louder. The car becomes dull when driving. This is mostly due to internal engine failure and burning of oil. Pay special attention to this when buying a second-hand car. Although this thing is a hybrid if it burns engine oil, the used car is too expensive, and a barrel of engine oil is not cheap.
4. Common troubleshooting methods for bcm?
Truck
1. The bcm fault is a fault of the body controller. The repair method is to connect the ADC input port to the input port of the comparator, and connect the output of the comparator circuit to the interrupt capture IO port of the MCU. If a rising edge interrupt is detected, it indicates a short circuit fault.
2. Body controller, referred to as bcm, refers to the electronic control unit (ECU) used to control the body electrical system in automotive engineering. It is one of the important components of the car.
3. Common functions of the body controller include controlling electric windows, electric rearview mirrors, air conditioners, headlights, turn signals, anti-theft locking systems, central locking, defrost devices, etc. The body controller can be connected to other vehicle ECUs through the bus.
5. How to troubleshoot common faults of sanding machines?
Analysis of 9 common faults and solutions of sanding machines
During the operation of sanding machines, some faults often occur, but these should be eliminated in time, but if not handled properly, they may affect production and increase costs. This requires that operators must be familiar with the operating procedures, be proficient in operation, and eliminate problems in a timely manner. This article is an analysis of 9 common faults and solutions of sanding machines.
Fault ⒈Abrasive belt deviation
Generally caused by improper adjustment. The normal abrasive belt swing should have a swing amplitude of 15-20mm, a swing frequency of 15-20 times/min, a moderate swing speed and a consistent swing in and out speed. . If it is in an abnormal state, over time, deviation may occur, especially if the swing-in and swing-out speeds are inconsistent, it is more likely to cause abnormal shutdown; the photoelectric switch is damaged, the solenoid valve is damaged, and the swing cylinder is damaged. Poor vacuuming and high dust concentration will affect the normal operation of the photoelectric tube and also cause the abrasive belt to deviate; damaged accessories should be replaced in time to improve the dust removal effect.
Fault⒉Limit failure
There are limit switches on both sides of the abrasive belt. When the abrasive belt fails to swing and deviates to one side, touch the limit switch, the abrasive belt will loosen, and the main motor will automatically stop, which can effectively protect the abrasive belt. bring. Once the limit fails, it may cause damage to the abrasive belt, cause sparks from friction on the frame, and even cause a fire. Therefore, the limit switch should always check whether the action is reliable.
Fault ⒊The sanding belt is wrinkled
Once the sanding belt wrinkles, it can no longer be used. Generally, there are three possibilities for causing wrinkles in the sanding belt: the sanding roller and the tension roller are worn, grinding and repairing the roller; the sanding belt becomes soft due to moisture and causes wrinkles, which can be dried and dried If the sander has not been used for a long time, the surface of the sanding roller will become rusty and rough, causing difficulty in swinging the sanding belt. At this time, the roller should be rusted or polished with finer sandpaper.
Fault ⒋Abrasive belt breakage
Abrasive belt breakage is mainly due to the abrasive belt deviation, or the abrasive belt is blunt and has not been replaced in time, or the sanding load is too large, or hard objects are encountered during the sanding process, or there is a quality problem with the abrasive belt itself cause. Breaking of the sand belt should be avoided as much as possible, otherwise it may cause a fire. When the current is abnormal, you should observe whether the abrasive belt has been blunted. If so, it should be replaced in time.
Fault 5. The feeding plate is deflected
Slippage and rebound. During the adjustment of the sander, it is required to adjust the upper conveyor roller counter-pressure spring to two-thirds (remaining one-third), the upper conveyor roller and the lower conveyor The roller spacing should be 1.5mm or 1mm less than the passing slab thickness, otherwise it will cause the slab to deviate or slip. In severe cases, it may cause rebound, which may cause personal injury.
Fault 6. The size of the sanding board changes after replacing the abrasive belt
The position of the cantilever of the sanding machine fluctuates greatly when the locking block is loosened or locked, which should normally be within 0.5mm. If it is too large, when the locking block locks the cantilever, the difference in locking force will cause a difference in the repeatability of the cantilever, causing the size of the sanding plate to fluctuate, which directly affects the sanding accuracy of the sander. When the cantilever error is too large (more than 0.5mm), the fixing bolts of the locking block should be unscrewed and adjusted appropriately. At the same time, when replacing the abrasive belt, the locking strength of the locking block should be consistent.
Fault 7. The conveyor roller rotates intermittently or does not rotate when the truck is empty.
When the truck is working, the above situation cannot generally be observed. It can only be discovered when the truck is empty. The reason is that the worm gear is partially worn or completely worn during the worm gear deceleration that transmits power. Although it will not affect the work, other worm gears will shorten their life due to increased workload and cause greater losses. Therefore, once this situation is discovered, it should be replaced immediately.
Fault 8. The vibration of the main bearing seat is abnormal
Under normal circumstances, the vibration of the main bearing seat is very small. An experienced operator can judge whether it is normal by touching it. Generally, there is no condition to use instruments to measure on site, but it can be used with other bearings. It can be judged by comparing the seats, or judging from the surface quality of the sanded board. When abnormal vibration of the bearing seat occurs, it can be considered that there are two reasons. One is that the bearing is damaged, and the bearing can be replaced. The other is that the contact roller is worn and lost, and the original dynamic balance is destroyed, causing abnormal vibration. This situation must Remove the sanding roller for repair.
Fault 9. The main drive belt is slipping
In both Q-type and M-type sanders, high-speed flat belts are used. This form of transmission is theoretically more efficient than V-belt transmission. However, in actual use, the belt may deviate or slip, which is mainly caused by improper adjustment. It should be adjusted strictly in accordance with the belt elongation requirement of 1.5-2%, and the belt must be tight and tight on both sides. After the adjustment is completed as required, a test run should be carried out. Especially when the main motor current suddenly increases, observe whether the belt deviates. If it deviates, a second adjustment should be made.
6. How to troubleshoot common fuel injector problems?
1. If the nozzle hole is blocked, you can use a needle to clear it. Clean it carefully after clearing it. The large flat surface of the needle valve body is in poor contact with the main flat surface of the fuel injector, or the cylindrical surface of the needle valve is greatly worn. If the large flat surface of the needle valve body is in poor contact with the flat surface of the main body of the injector, chromium oxide can be applied on a flat plate and ground in an "8" shape; if the cylindrical surface of the needle valve is greatly worn, the needle valve parts should be replaced in pairs.
2. Poor sealing, poor sealing of the needle valve and needle valve body, causing poor atomization or oil dripping from the fuel injector. For this kind of fault, you can use fine chromium oxide or toothpaste to apply it on the sealing tape at the end of the needle valve, but do not apply it to the cylindrical part. Then insert the needle valve into the needle valve body, and knock and turn until it is tight. The chromium oxide or toothpaste must be washed away after grinding.
3. There is air. There is air in the oil circuit. Just remove the air from the oil line.
4. The oil supply is not smooth and the oil pump needs to be inspected. If the oil pipe joint is leaking, try to connect it properly so that it does not leak.
5. Insufficient elasticity, the piston spring has insufficient elasticity or the spring is broken. The spring should be replaced.
6. Piston wear, piston wear affects oil supply. The piston needs to be replaced.
7. Common faults and troubleshooting of rice cookers?
1. Fault 1: Plug in the power plug and the power fuse blows immediately. Causes and repairs: (1) Water or rice soup entered the rice cooker power socket, causing a short circuit. In this case, the water in the socket can be dried and then used again; (2) The surface of the rice cooker power socket or plug is carbonized and short-circuited due to long-term use. In this case, you can use fine sandpaper to remove the carbonized layer on the surface and wipe it clean with alcohol.
2. Fault 2: The meal cannot be kept warm after cooking. Cause and repair: This fault may be caused by dirt or ablation on the surface of the normally closed contact of the heat preservation switch, which causes the contact resistance to be too large, causing the contacts to close but the circuit is blocked, the heating tube does not heat, and the rice cooker cannot keep warm. At this time, you can use fine sandpaper to clean the contact surface and then coat it with a layer of tin. If it still doesn't keep warm, you can replace the keep warm switch.
3. Fault 3: Cooking rice. Cause and repair: This fault may be that the normally closed contacts of the heat preservation switch are sintered and stuck together. Although the rice has been cooked and the temperature limiter has jumped down, the heat preservation switch continues to energize the heating pipe, causing the rice to burn. At this time, you can use a knife to separate the contacts, and then use fine sandpaper to clean the surface of the contacts.
4. Fault 4: Cooking rice with uncooked rice. Cause and maintenance: This fault is generally caused by the weakening of the magnetic force of the permanent magnetic ring in the temperature limiter. At this time, you can disassemble the temperature limiter of the rice cooker and check whether the magnetic ring is broken and how the suction force is. If the permanent magnetic ring is broken, the temperature limiter of the same model must be replaced; if the suction force is reduced, the temperature adjustment screw on the temperature limiter can be adjusted 1/4 turn at a time, and try cooking once.
5. Fault 5: Cannot cook. Causes and repairs: (1) The source wire is broken. Use the ohm block of the multimeter to check the power wire; (2) The current limiting resistor is blown. At this time, the resistance can be checked using the ohm scale of the multimeter. If the resistor is blown, it must be replaced with a current-limiting resistor of the same type, and cannot be directly replaced with a wire; (3) The heating tube is burned out. A rice cooker without a current-limiting resistor may burn out the heating tube if it works for a long time. At this time, use the ohm dial of the multimeter to check the heating pipe. If it is open, it must be replaced together with the heating plate.
8. How to troubleshoot Toyota Corolla common faults?
The cause of Toyota Corolla's starting failure is: the car's engine throttle device is stuck.
The solution is: If the car's throttle device is faulty, you need to go to the car's 4S shop or repair shop in time to inspect the car's throttle device to solve the car's starting failure.
If the throttle valve is not cleaned and the air flows through the throttle valve, a lot of dust and sand will naturally enter the throttle valve. Together with the oil vapor brought out from the crankcase, a black putty deposit layer will be formed, causing the throttle valve to move incorrectly. flexible. Excessive cleaning will cause the throttle valve to be scrapped prematurely. Frequent cleaning will cause the special coating in the inner cavity of the throttle valve to be gradually cleaned away.
9. How to troubleshoot common problems with hair perming machines?
Fault 1: There is no steam in the garment steamer
1. The power control switch is not turned on - check whether the garment steamer is connected to the power supply. If not, please turn on the power control switch.
2. There is too little water in the water tank - turn off the steamer and then boil it.
3. The steam pipe is broken - make sure the steam pipe of the garment steamer is completely found.
4. There is no water in the water tank - turn off the steamer and start boiling.
5. The steam indicator light is not on - after the light is on, turn on the water pump control button, and the water pump can be used after the working light is on.
6. The water pump working indicator light is not on - press the water pump control button on the handle, the light is on and there is steam
7. The pedal indicator light is not on - check that the product is correctly connected to the power supply, and turn on the pedal power control switch.
8. The handle working indicator light is not on - press the steam head control button, the light will be on and there will be steam.
Fault 2: The steam volume of the garment steamer is low
1. The garment steamer does not regularly clean the filter cotton in the water tank - it must be descaled at least every year or for a total of 100 hours of use. If the water you use is hard water, you need to increase the cleaning frequency reasonably.
2. Too little water - turn off the power of the garment steamer and boil it in the water tank.
3. Too much water - turn off the power of the garment steamer and pour out the excess water in the water tank.
Fault 3: The steam head of the garment steamer is dripping
1. There is liquefied water in the water pipe - please do not use it in the horizontal direction. Hold the steam pipe at a horizontal height to return the water in the steam pipe to the garment steamer.
2. Problems with the steam head itself, such as water dripping from the steam head, are generally related to the design of the steam brush. In this case, the garment steamer can be replaced.
Fault 4: The preheating time of the garment steamer is too long
Too much water in the water tank - unplug the steamer and pour out the excess water in the water tank.
There is scale inside the garment steamer - if you use the garment steamer frequently, make sure it is descaled at least once a year or after a total of 100 hours of use. If you are in an area with hard water, the garment steamer should be cleaned more frequently.
Fault 5: The garment steamer automatically cuts off the power due to lack of water
When the temperature of the heating pot reaches a certain level during use, the power will automatically cut off. First, confirm whether you have forgotten to boil or the water has run out, and then confirm Is the water inlet hole blocked? If it is due to these two reasons, it should be resolved according to the situation.
10. Troubleshooting common problems with Internet Teaching Assistant?
After pressing the "Turn on projector" button on the control panel, the projector does not light up. After pressing the button, you need to wait a few seconds to check whether the projector indicator light turns green. If the projector lights up and the projection screen shows a blue screen and there is no signal input, switch the signal according to the output signal source, such as pressing the buttons on a computer, laptop, exhibition stand, etc. Why does the projector not respond when I press the "Projection On" button immediately after it is turned off? Since the projector needs a period of time to dissipate heat after it is turned off, the projector cannot accept any instructions at this time.
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