測試您的 Laravel 應用程式對於確保您的程式碼按預期工作至關重要。 Pest 是一個 PHP 測試框架，設計簡約且使用者友好。在這篇文章中，我們將逐步使用 Pest 在 Laravel 中建立測試案例，重點放在一個測試雇主記錄創建的範例，包括上傳徽標。
先決條件
- Laravel 應用程式設定
- 您的 Laravel 應用程式中安裝了害蟲
如果您還沒有安裝 Pest，您可以按照 Pest 官方安裝指南進行安裝。
第 1 步：設定模型和關係
確保您的使用者和雇主模型正確設定並具有必要的關係。
使用者模型 (app/Models/User.php):
namespace App\Models;
use Illuminate\Foundation\Auth\User as Authenticatable;
use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Relations\HasOne;
class User extends Authenticatable
{
public function employer(): HasOne
{
return $this->hasOne(Employer::class);
}
}
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雇主模型 (app/Models/Employer.php):
namespace App\Models;
use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Model;
use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Relations\BelongsTo;
class Employer extends Model
{
protected $fillable = ['name', 'email', 'phone', 'address', 'city', 'website', 'user_id', 'logo'];
public function user(): BelongsTo
{
return $this->belongsTo(User::class);
}
}
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第二步：設立工廠
建立用於產生測試資料的工廠。
使用者工廠（database/factories/UserFactory.php）：
namespace Database\Factories;
use App\Models\User;
use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Factories\Factory;
use Illuminate\Support\Str;
class UserFactory extends Factory
{
protected $model = User::class;
public function definition()
{
return [
'name' => $this->faker->name(),
'email' => $this->faker->unique()->safeEmail(),
'email_verified_at' => now(),
'password' => bcrypt('password'), // password
'remember_token' => Str::random(10),
];
}
}
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雇主工廠（資料庫/工廠/EmployerFactory.php）：
namespace Database\Factories;
use App\Models\Employer;
use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Factories\Factory;
use Illuminate\Http\UploadedFile;
class EmployerFactory extends Factory
{
protected $model = Employer::class;
public function definition()
{
return [
'name' => $this->faker->company,
'email' => $this->faker->companyEmail,
'phone' => $this->faker->phoneNumber,
'address' => $this->faker->address,
'city' => $this->faker->city,
'website' => $this->faker->url,
UploadedFile::fake()->image('logo.png')
];
}
}
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第三步：編寫控制器
建立一個控制器方法來處理雇主的創建。
雇主控制器 (app/Http/Controllers/EmployerController.php):
namespace App\Http\Controllers;
use Illuminate\Http\Request;
use App\Models\Employer;
use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Storage;
class EmployerController extends Controller
{
public function __construct()
{
}
public function store(Request $request)
{
$validated = $request->validate([
'name' => 'required|string|max:255',
'email' => 'required|email',
'phone' => 'required|string',
'address' => 'nullable|string',
'city' => 'nullable|string',
'website' => 'nullable|url',
'logo' => 'nullable|image|mimes:jpeg,png,jpg,gif,svg|max:2048',
]);
if ($request->hasFile('logo')) {
$path = $request->file('logo')->store('logos', 'public');
$validated['logo'] = $path;
}
$employer = $request->user()->employer()->create($validated);
return response()->json($employer, 201);
}
}
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第 4 步：建立 Pest 測試
建立測試文件並編寫測試案例來驗證雇主的創建，包括上傳徽標。
建立測試檔案：
php artisan pest:test EmployerControllerTest
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寫測試案例（tests/Feature/EmployerControllerTest.php）：
<?php
use Illuminate\Foundation\Testing\RefreshDatabase;
use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Auth;
use App\Models\User;
use App\Models\Employer;
use Illuminate\Http\UploadedFile;
use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Storage;
uses(RefreshDatabase::class);
it('prevents guests from creating an employer', function () {
// Define the data to be sent in the POST request
$data = [
'name' => 'Test Employer',
'email' => 'test@employer.com',
'phone' => '1234567890',
'address' => '123 Employer St',
'city' => 'Employer City',
'website' => 'https://www.employer.com',
];
// Send the POST request to create the employer as a guest (unauthenticated)
$response = $this->post('/api/employers', $data);
// Assert that the response status is 401 (Unauthorized)
$response->assertStatus(401);
// Optionally, check that the employer was not created
$this->assertDatabaseMissing('employers', [
'name' => 'Test Employer',
'email' => 'test@employer.com',
]);
});
it('creates a new employer for authenticated user', function () {
// Create a user and log them in
$user = User::factory()->create();
Auth::login($user);
// Define the data to be sent in the POST request
$data = [
'name' => 'Test Employer',
'email' => 'test@employer.com',
'phone' => '1234567890',
'address' => '123 Employer St',
'city' => 'Employer City',
'website' => 'https://www.employer.com',
];
// Send the POST request to create the employer
$response = $this->post('/api/employers', $data);
// Assert that the response status is 201 (Created)
$response->assertStatus(201);
// Assert that the employer was created
$this->assertDatabaseHas('employers', [
'name' => 'Test Employer',
'email' => 'test@employer.com',
]);
});
it('creates a new employer with a logo', function () {
// Create a user and log them in
$user = User::factory()->create();
Auth::login($user);
// Fake a storage disk for testing
Storage::fake('public');
// Define the data to be sent in the POST request
$data = [
'name' => 'Test Employer',
'email' => 'test@employer.com',
'phone' => '1234567890',
'address' => '123 Employer St',
'city' => 'Employer City',
'website' => 'https://www.employer.com',
'logo' => UploadedFile::fake()->image('logo.png'), // Fake file for testing
];
// Send the POST request to create the employer
$response = $this->post('/api/employers', $data);
// Assert that the response status is 201 (Created)
$response->assertStatus(201);
// Optionally, check if the employer was actually created
$this->assertDatabaseHas('employers', [
'name' => 'Test Employer',
'email' => 'test@employer.com',
]);
// Check that the file was uploaded
Storage::disk('public')->assertExists('logos/logo.png'); // Adjust path as needed
});
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第 5 步：執行害蟲測試
執行您的 Pest 測試以確保一切按預期工作：
php artisan test --testsuit=Feature
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結論
按照以下步驟，您可以使用 Pest 在 Laravel 中建立測試案例來驗證雇主記錄的創建，包括處理文件上傳。這種方法可確保您的應用程式按預期運行，並有助於在開發過程的早期發現任何問題。測試愉快！
以上是如何使用 Pest 在 Laravel 中建立測試案例的詳細內容。更多資訊請關注PHP中文網其他相關文章！
