在 Node.js 中建立應用程式時,無論您是與外部 API 互動、獲取資料還是在服務之間通信,發出 HTTP 請求都是一項基本任務。雖然 Node.js 具有用於發出請求的內建 http 模組,但它並不是最用戶友好或功能豐富的解決方案。這就是像 Got 這樣的圖書館的用武之地。
Got 是一個輕量級、功能豐富且基於 Promise 的 Node.js HTTP 用戶端。它簡化了發出 HTTP 請求的過程,提供了乾淨的 API、自動重試、對流的支援等等。在本文中,我們將探討如何使用 Got 來發出 HTTP 請求和處理錯誤。
在深入研究程式碼之前,了解為什麼 Got 是許多開發人員的首選非常重要:
要開始使用 Got,您首先需要將其安裝到 Node.js 專案中。如果您尚未設定 Node.js 項目,請依照下列步驟操作:
mkdir got-http-requests cd got-http-requests npm init -y
此指令建立一個新的專案目錄並使用 package.json 檔案對其進行初始化。
npm install got
Got 現在已新增至您的專案中,您可以開始使用它來發出 HTTP 請求。
Got 可以輕鬆執行各種類型的 HTTP 請求。讓我們來看看一些常見的用例。
GET 請求是最常見的 HTTP 請求類型,通常用於從伺服器檢索資料。使用 Got,發出 GET 請求非常簡單:
const got = require('got'); (async () => { try { const response = await got('https://jsonplaceholder.typicode.com/posts/1'); console.log('GET Request:'); console.log(response.body); } catch (error) { console.error('Error in GET request:', error.message); } })();
POST 請求用於將資料傳送到伺服器,通常用於建立新資源。使用 Got,您可以輕鬆地在 POST 請求中發送 JSON 資料:
const got = require('got'); (async () => { try { const response = await got.post('https://jsonplaceholder.typicode.com/posts', { json: { title: 'foo', body: 'bar', userId: 1 }, responseType: 'json' }); console.log('POST Request:'); console.log(response.body); } catch (error) { console.error('Error in POST request:', error.message); } })();
HTTP 請求期間可能會出現網路問題或伺服器錯誤。 Got 提供了一種簡單的方法來處理這些錯誤:
const got = require('got'); (async () => { try { const response = await got('https://nonexistent-url.com'); console.log(response.body); } catch (error) { console.error('Error handling example:', error.message); } })();
Got 不僅僅是發出簡單的 GET 和 POST 請求。它配備了多項高級功能,可以幫助您處理更複雜的場景。
Got 允許您透過設定標頭、查詢參數、逾時等來自訂請求:
const got = require('got'); (async () => { try { const response = await got('https://jsonplaceholder.typicode.com/posts/1', { headers: { 'User-Agent': 'My-Custom-Agent' }, searchParams: { userId: 1 }, timeout: 5000 }); console.log('Customized Request:'); console.log(response.body); } catch (error) { console.error('Error in customized request:', error.message); } })();
Got supports streaming, which is useful for handling large data or working with files:
const fs = require('fs'); const got = require('got'); (async () => { const downloadStream = got.stream('https://via.placeholder.com/150'); const fileWriterStream = fs.createWriteStream('downloaded_image.png'); downloadStream.pipe(fileWriterStream); fileWriterStream.on('finish', () => { console.log('Image downloaded successfully.'); }); })();
Download the source code here.
Got is a versatile and powerful library for making HTTP requests in Node.js. It simplifies the process of interacting with web services by providing a clean and intuitive API, while also offering advanced features like error handling, timeouts, and streams. Whether you’re building a simple script or a complex application, Got is an excellent choice for handling HTTP requests.
By using Got, you can write cleaner, more maintainable code and take advantage of its robust feature set to meet the needs of your application. So the next time you need to make an HTTP request in Node.js, consider using Got for a hassle-free experience.
Thanks for reading…
Happy Coding!
The post Making HTTP Requests in Node.js with Got first appeared on Innovate With Folasayo.
The post Making HTTP Requests in Node.js with Got appeared first on Innovate With Folasayo.
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