顧名思義，C# 使用 struct 關鍵字來定義值類型，而 Class 使用 class 關鍵字來定義參考類型。在C#中，結構體中定義的變數儲存在堆疊中或以給定的變數類型存儲，其實例稱為結構體變數。然而，對於“類別”，實例被稱為物件並儲存在堆結構記憶體單元中。就建構子和析構函數而言，C# struct 不能有析構函數，但 Class 可以有析構函數。 Class 中允許進行成員分類，例如抽象類型、虛擬類型和受保護類型。
以下是 C# 結構與類別之間的 14 個最大差異。
C# 結構體和類別之間的一些主要區別如下：
代碼：
using System;
namespace structAndClass
{
//creating structure
public struct Demo
{
public int x, y;
//parameterized constructor
public Demo(int x, int y)
{
this.x = x;
this.y = y;
}
}
public class StructDemo
{
public static void Main(string[] args)
{
Demo a = new Demo(50, 50);
Demo b = a;
a.x = 100;
Console.WriteLine("Value of a.x = "+a.x);
Console.WriteLine("Value of b.x = "+b.x);
}
}
}輸出：
代碼：
using System;
namespace structAndClass
{
public class Demo
{
public int x, y;
public Demo(int x, int y)
{
this.x = x;
this.y = y;
}
}
public class StructDemo
{
public static void Main(string[] args)
{
Demo a = new Demo(50, 50);
Demo b = a;
a.x = 100;
Console.WriteLine("Value of a.x = "+a.x);
Console.WriteLine("Value of b.x = "+b.x);
}
}
}輸出：
讓我們透過一個比較表來看看 C# Struct 與 Class 之間的更多差異，以便清楚地理解：
| Parameter | C# Struct | Class |
| Data type | The structure is a value type of data type. | Class is a reference type data type. |
| Keyword | The structure can be defined using the ‘struct’ keyword. | The class can be defined using the ‘class’ keyword. |
| Storage area | The structure variable is stored either in stack or inline in containing type. | The object of the class is stored in heap. |
| Instance creation | The instance of a struct can be created with or without a ‘new’ keyword. | The instance of the class is created using a ‘new’ keyword. |
| Assignment | If we make an assignment to a variable of struct type then it creates a copy of the value being assigned. Thus, each variable instructs has its copy of data. | If we make an assignment to a variable of class type then it copies the reference. Thus, two or more variables in class can refer to the same object. |
| Constructor | The structure does not contain a parameterless instance constructor. | The class contains a parameterless instance constructor, if not defined explicitly by the user. |
| Destructor | It cannot have a destructor. | It can have a destructor. |
| Inheritance | The structure cannot inherit from another class or structure.
The structure cannot be used as a base for another structure or class. |
The class can inherit from another class. The class can be a base class for another class. |
| Data members | Members of a struct cannot be abstract, virtual or protected. | Members of a class can be abstract, virtual or protected. |
| Instance | The instance of the structure is called the structure variable. | The instance of the class is called an object. |
| Default access specifier | Members of the structure are public by default. | Members of the class are private by default. |
| Usage | The structure can be used for small data structures. | Class is used for the complex data structure. |
| Garbage collection | The instance of a struct cannot be garbage collected. | The instance of the class can be garbage collected. |
| Variable initializing | Including variable initializer is not allowed while making instance field declarations instruct. | Including variable initializer is allowed while making instance field declarations in a class. |
類別和結構體都用來保存相關的資料項。對於大量資料我們可以使用類，對於小數據我們可以使用結構。類別是參考類型，儲存在堆中，而結構是值類型，儲存在堆疊中。
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