使用 Perseid 和 React 建立使用者回饋表-js教程-PHP中文網

在本指南中，我們將逐步使用 @perseid/form 庫建立動態使用者回饋表單，這是 Formik 和 React Hook Form 的強大替代品。您將看到 @perseid/form 如何輕鬆管理表單狀態、驗證和條件渲染。我們將建立的表單將要求用戶對服務進行評分並提供回饋。根據評級，它會顯示“謝謝”訊息或提示用戶提供其他回饋。

？讓我們開始吧！

第 1 步：設定表單配置

第一步是定義表單配置。此配置概述了表單的行為方式，包括欄位、步驟以及它們之間的流程。在這裡，我們將根據使用者的評分使用 條件邏輯 建立評分和評論欄位。我們還將定義正面和負面回饋的訊息。

這是設定碼：

import { type Configuration } from "@perseid/form";

const formConfiguration: Configuration = {
  // Root step-the form will start from there.
  root: "feedback",
  // Callback triggered on form submission.
  onSubmit(data) {
    alert(`Submitting the following JSON: ${JSON.stringify(data)}`);
    return Promise.resolve();
  },
  // `fields` define the data model the form is going to deal with.
  // Expect the submitted data JSON to match this schema.
  fields: {
    rating: {
      type: "integer",
      required: true,
    },
    review: {
      type: "string",
      required: true,
      // Display this field only if condition is met...
      condition: (inputs) =>
        inputs.rating !== null && (inputs.rating as number) < 3,
    },
    // Type `null` means that the value of this field will not be included in submitted data.
    submit: {
      type: "null",
      submit: true,
    },
    message_good: {
      type: "null",
    },
    message_bad: {
      type: "null",
    },
  },
  // Now that fields are defined, you can organize them in a single or multiple steps,
  // depending on the UI you want to build!
  steps: {
    feedback: {
      fields: ["rating", "review", "submit"],
      // Whether to submit the form at the end of this step.
      submit: true,
      // Next step is conditionned to previous user inputs...
      nextStep: (inputs) =>
        (inputs.rating as number) < 3 ? "thanks_bad" : "thanks_good",
    },
    thanks_good: {
      fields: ["message_good"],
    },
    thanks_bad: {
      fields: ["message_bad"],
    },
  },
};

登入後複製

在此配置：

表單從回饋步驟開始。
該表單包含兩個欄位：評級（必填）和評論（可選，除非評級低於 3）。
根據評級，表單導航至「好」或「壞」回饋訊息。
提交表單後，提交的資料會觸發一個簡單的警報。

這裡要掌握的重點是fields屬性的作用。它定義了將提交的資料的結構，本質上充當資料模型。相較之下，steps 屬性概述了表單的流程，決定如何將這些欄位呈現給使用者。

第 2 步：建立表單的 React 元件

現在我們已經有了配置，是時候建立將呈現表單的實際 UI 了。使用@perseid/form/react，我們可以建立自訂欄位元件來管理表單每個部分的使用者互動。

這是核心 React 元件：

import React from "react";
import Form, { type FormFieldProps } from "@perseid/form/react";

// The actual React component, used to build the UI!
function Field(props: FormFieldProps): JSX.Element {
  const { path, engine, value, status } = props;
  const [currentRating, setCurrentRating] = React.useState(0);

  // Display a different element depending on the field...

  if (path === "thanks_good.1.message_good") {
    return (
      <div className="message">
        <h1>Thanks for the feedback ?</h1>
        <p>We are glad you enjoyed!</p>
      </div>
    );
  }

  if (path === "thanks_bad.1.message_bad") {
    return (
      <div className="message">
        <h1>We're sorry to hear that ?</h1>
        <p>We'll do better next time, promise!</p>
      </div>
    );
  }

  if (path === "feedback.0.rating") {
    return (
      // Depending on the field status, define some extra classes for styling...
      <div
        className={`rating ${status === "error" ? "rating--error" : ""}`}
        onMouseLeave={() => {
          setCurrentRating((value as number | null) ?? 0);
        }}
      >
        <h1>How would you rate our service?</h1>
        {[1, 2, 3, 4, 5].map((rating) => (
          <span
            key={rating}
            className={`rating__star ${
              currentRating >= rating ? "rating__star--active" : ""
            }`}
            onMouseEnter={() => {
              setCurrentRating(rating);
            }}
            onClick={() => {
              // On click, notify the form engine about new user input.
              engine.userAction({ type: "input", path, data: rating });
            }}
          ></span>
        ))}
      </div>
    );
  }

  if (path === "feedback.0.review") {
    return (
      <div className={`review ${status === "error" ? "review--error" : ""}`}>
        <label>Could you tell us more?</label>
        <textarea
          onChange={(e) =>
            engine.userAction({ type: "input", path, data: e.target.value })
          }
        />
      </div>
    );
  }

  // path === 'feedback.0.submit'
  return (
    <button
      className="submit"
      onClick={() => {
        engine.userAction({ type: "input", path, data: true });
      }}
    >
      Submit
    </button>
  );
}

登入後複製

這裡，Field 元件使用 path 屬性決定要渲染什麼：

一個評級組件，使用者可以在其中選擇星級。
供使用者提供額外回饋的文字區域。

根據評分顯示的「謝謝」訊息。此表單將根據使用者輸入動態調整其欄位和步驟。

很酷，對吧？

Building a User Feedback Form with Perseid and React

第 3 步：運行應用程式

現在我們的表單配置和元件已準備就緒，讓我們將它們整合到一個基本的 React 應用程式中。這是初始化和渲染表單的程式碼：

import { createRoot, type Root } from "react-dom/client";

// Let's run the app!
let app: Root;

// Creating React root...
const container = document.querySelector("#root") as unknown as HTMLElement;
app = createRoot(container);
app.render(
  // Router is the main component for any Perseid app.
  <Form Field={Field} configuration={formConfiguration} />
);

登入後複製

此程式碼使用 React 的 createRoot API 將表單安裝到 DOM。 Form 元件連接我們的配置和 Field 元件，處理其他所有事情。

第四步：新增樣式

好吧，我們有了應用程式邏輯，但是如果您現在運行程式碼，您會發現它有點......原始？

Building a User Feedback Form with Perseid and React

所以，讓我們透過添加一些樣式和動畫來修飾表單！下面是一個簡單的樣式表，使它更具吸引力：

// A few animations for fun...

@keyframes swipe-out {
  0% {
    opacity: 1;
    transform: translateX(0);
  }
  75% {
    opacity: 0;
    transform: translateX(-100%);
  }
  100% {
    opacity: 0;
    transform: translateX(-100%);
  }
}

@keyframes swipe-in-one {
  0% {
    opacity: 0;
    transform: translateX(100%);
  }
  75% {
    transform: translateX(0);
  }
  100% {
    opacity: 1;
    transform: translateX(0);
  }
}

@keyframes swipe-in-two {
  0% {
    opacity: 0;
    transform: translateX(0);
  }
  75% {
    transform: translateX(-100%);
  }
  100% {
    opacity: 1;
    transform: translateX(-100%);
  }
}

@keyframes bubble-in {
  0% {
    transform: scale(0.5);
  }
  75% {
    transform: scale(1.5);
  }
  100% {
    transform: scale(1);
  }
}

@keyframes fade-in {
  0% {
    opacity: 0;
  }
  100% {
    opacity: 1;
  }
}

// Some global basic styling...

* {
  box-sizing: border-box;
}

body {
  margin: 0;
  display: grid;
  height: 100vh;
  color: #aaaaaa;
  align-items: center;
  font-family: "Helvetica", sans-serif;
}

// And form-specific styling.

.perseid-form {
  width: 100%;
  margin: auto;

  &__steps {
    display: flex;
    overflow: hidden;
  }

  &__step {
    min-width: 100%;
    padding: 1rem 3rem;
    animation: 500ms ease-in-out forwards swipe-out;

    &__fields {
      display: grid;
      row-gap: 2rem;
    }
  }

  &__step[class*="active"]:first-child {
    animation: 500ms ease-in-out forwards swipe-in-one;
  }
  &__step[class*="active"]:last-child:not(:first-child) {
    animation: 500ms ease-in-out forwards swipe-in-two;
  }
}

.submit {
  border: none;
  cursor: pointer;
  padding: 1rem 2rem;
  border-radius: 8px;
  color: #fefefe;
  font-size: 1.25rem;
  background: #46c0b0;
  justify-self: flex-end;
  transition: all 250ms ease-in-out;

  &:hover {
    background: #4cccbb;
  }
}

.rating {
  position: relative;
  padding: 0.25rem 0;

  &__star {
    cursor: pointer;
    display: inline-block;
    font-size: 2rem;
    min-width: 2rem;
    min-height: 2rem;

    &::after {
      content: "⚪️";
    }

    &--active {
      animation: 250ms ease-in-out forwards bubble-in;
      &::after {
        content: "?";
      }
    }
  }

  &[class*="error"] {
    &::after {
      left: 0;
      bottom: -1.5rem;
      color: #f13232;
      position: absolute;
      font-size: 0.75rem;
      content: "? This field is required";
      animation: 250ms ease-in-out forwards fade-in;
    }
  }
}

.review {
  display: grid;
  row-gap: 1rem;
  position: relative;
  animation: 250ms ease-in-out forwards fade-in;

  label {
    font-size: 1.25rem;
  }

  textarea {
    resize: none;
    min-height: 5rem;
    border-radius: 8px;
    border: 1px solid #46c0b0;
    transition: all 250ms ease-in-out;
  }

  &[class*="error"] {
    &::after {
      left: 0;
      bottom: -1.5rem;
      color: #f13232;
      position: absolute;
      font-size: 0.75rem;
      content: "? This field is required";
      animation: 250ms ease-in-out forwards fade-in;
    }
  }
}

@media screen and (min-width: 30rem) {
  .perseid-form {
    max-width: 30rem;
  }
}

登入後複製

瞧？