如何處理 Python Base64 解碼中不正確的填滿錯誤？

Handling Incorrect Padding in Python Base64 Decoding

When decoding base64-encoded data in Python with base64.decodestring(), you may encounter an 'Incorrect padding' error. To bypass this issue, you can consider several approaches.

1. Adding Padding

As suggested in the accepted answer, you can simply add the maximum possible padding characters before decoding. In Python 3.x, base64.b64decode() will automatically truncate any extra padding, making this a simple and effective solution.

<code class="python">base64.b64decode(s + b'==')</code>

2. Using Alternative Decoder

An alternative approach is to use a different decoder that ignores padding issues. For example, the decodestring() method from the binascii module allows for incorrect padding:

<code class="python">import binascii
binascii.decodestring(b64_string)</code>

3. Ignoring Validation

When decoding with base64.b64decode(), the validate parameter can be set to False to ignore validation errors, including incorrect padding. This approach is recommended if you are confident about the integrity of the encoded data.

<code class="python">base64.b64decode(s, validate=False)</code>

4. Using Openssl

The external tool openssl provides a reliable way to decode base64 data, even with incorrect padding. You can use the enc command as follows:

<code class="sh">openssl enc -d -base64 -in b64string -out binary_data</code>

Note: It's important to consider the correct approach based on the specific requirements and the integrity of the encoded data.

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