PyQt 中QThread 的正確實作
在PyQt Gui 應用程式中,通常需要將冗長的操作分離到單獨的執行緒中以分離到單獨的執行緒中以保持GUI 回應能力。但是,不鼓勵按照問題中提到的參考重新實作 run 方法。
為了示範Python 中的正確方法,請考慮以下範例,該範例利用訊號和槽在GUI 和工作執行緒之間進行通訊:
這裡是程式碼實作:
<code class="python">from PyQt4 import QtGui, QtCore import sys import random class Example(QtCore.QObject): signalStatus = QtCore.pyqtSignal(str) def __init__(self, parent=None): super(self.__class__, self).__init__(parent) self.gui = Window() self.createWorkerThread() self._connectSignals() self.gui.show() def _connectSignals(self): self.gui.button_cancel.clicked.connect(self.forceWorkerReset) self.signalStatus.connect(self.gui.updateStatus) self.parent().aboutToQuit.connect(self.forceWorkerQuit) def createWorkerThread(self): self.worker = WorkerObject() self.worker_thread = QtCore.QThread() self.worker.moveToThread(self.worker_thread) self.worker_thread.start() self.worker.signalStatus.connect(self.gui.updateStatus) self.gui.button_start.clicked.connect(self.worker.startWork) def forceWorkerReset(self): if self.worker_thread.isRunning(): print('Terminating thread.') self.worker_thread.terminate() print('Waiting for thread termination.') self.worker_thread.wait() self.signalStatus.emit('Idle.') print('building new working object.') self.createWorkerThread() def forceWorkerQuit(self): if self.worker_thread.isRunning(): self.worker_thread.terminate() self.worker_thread.wait() class WorkerObject(QtCore.QObject): signalStatus = QtCore.pyqtSignal(str) def __init__(self, parent=None): super(self.__class__, self).__init__(parent) @QtCore.pyqtSlot() def startWork(self): for ii in range(7): number = random.randint(0, 5000**ii) self.signalStatus.emit('Iteration: {}, Factoring: {}'.format(ii, number)) factors = self.primeFactors(number) print('Number: ', number, 'Factors: ', factors) self.signalStatus.emit('Idle.') def primeFactors(self, n): i = 2 factors = [] while i * i <= n: if n % i: i += 1 else: n //= i factors.append(i) if n > 1: factors.append(n) return factors class Window(QtGui.QWidget): def __init__(self): QtGui.QWidget.__init__(self) self.button_start = QtGui.QPushButton('Start', self) self.button_cancel = QtGui.QPushButton('Cancel', self) self.label_status = QtGui.QLabel('', self) layout = QtGui.QVBoxLayout(self) layout.addWidget(self.button_start) layout.addWidget(self.button_cancel) layout.addWidget(self.label_status) self.setFixedSize(400, 200) @QtCore.pyqtSlot(str) def updateStatus(self, status): self.label_status.setText(status) if __name__ == '__main__': app = QtGui.QApplication(sys.argv) example = Example(app) sys.exit(app.exec_())</code>
透過遵循這種方法,您可以在PyQt 應用程式中有效地利用QThreads,確保GUI 即使在長時間操作期間也能保持響應。
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