HTML5 Canvas：以高品質縮小影像
問題：使用HTML5 canvas 縮小影像會導致低品質啟用了影像渲染優化，但仍然輸出。
解決方案：
縮小 HTML5 畫布中的圖像涉及將原始圖像中的多個像素轉換為縮放圖像中的單個像素。瀏覽器中常見的縮小技術處理此過程效率低下，導致細節和噪音損失。
要實現高品質的縮小，請考慮使用像素完美演算法來準確計算所有來源像素對目標的貢獻
演算法：
<code class="javascript">// scales the canvas by (float) scale < 1
// returns a new canvas containing the scaled image.
function downScaleCanvas(cv, scale) {
if (!(scale < 1) || !(scale > 0))
throw ('scale must be a positive number <1 ');
var sqScale = scale * scale; // square scale = area of source pixel within target
var sw = cv.width; // source image width
var sh = cv.height; // source image height
var tw = Math.floor(sw * scale); // target image width
var th = Math.floor(sh * scale); // target image height
var sx = 0, sy = 0, sIndex = 0; // source x,y, index within source array
var tx = 0, ty = 0, yIndex = 0, tIndex = 0; // target x,y, x,y index within target array
var tX = 0, tY = 0; // rounded tx, ty
var w = 0, nw = 0, wx = 0, nwx = 0, wy = 0, nwy = 0; // weight / next weight x / y
// weight is weight of current source point within target.
// next weight is weight of current source point within next target's point.
var crossX = false; // does scaled px cross its current px right border ?
var crossY = false; // does scaled px cross its current px bottom border ?
var sBuffer = cv.getContext('2d').
getImageData(0, 0, sw, sh).data; // source buffer 8 bit rgba
var tBuffer = new Float32Array(3 * tw * th); // target buffer Float32 rgb
var sR = 0, sG = 0, sB = 0; // source's current point r,g,b
for (sy = 0; sy < sh; sy++) {
ty = sy * scale; // y src position within target
tY = 0 | ty; // rounded : target pixel's y
yIndex = 3 * tY * tw; // line index within target array
crossY = (tY != (0 | ty + scale));
if (crossY) { // if pixel is crossing botton target pixel
wy = (tY + 1 - ty); // weight of point within target pixel
nwy = (ty + scale - tY - 1); // ... within y+1 target pixel
}
for (sx = 0; sx < sw; sx++, sIndex += 4) {
tx = sx * scale; // x src position within target
tX = 0 | tx; // rounded : target pixel's x
tIndex = yIndex + tX * 3; // target pixel index within target array
crossX = (tX != (0 | tx + scale));
if (crossX) { // if pixel is crossing target pixel's right
wx = (tX + 1 - tx); // weight of point within target pixel
nwx = (tx + scale - tX - 1); // ... within x+1 target pixel
}
sR = sBuffer[sIndex ]; // retrieving r,g,b for curr src px.
sG = sBuffer[sIndex + 1];
sB = sBuffer[sIndex + 2];
if (!crossX && !crossY) { // pixel does not cross
// just add components weighted by squared scale.
tBuffer[tIndex ] += sR * sqScale;
tBuffer[tIndex + 1] += sG * sqScale;
tBuffer[tIndex + 2] += sB * sqScale;
} else if (crossX && !crossY) { // cross on X only
w = wx * scale;
// add weighted component for current px
tBuffer[tIndex ] += sR * w;
tBuffer[tIndex + 1] += sG * w;
tBuffer[tIndex + 2] += sB * w;
// add weighted component for next (tX+1) px
nw = nwx * scale
tBuffer[tIndex + 3] += sR * nw;
tBuffer[tIndex + 4] += sG * nw;
tBuffer[tIndex + 5] += sB * nw;
} else if (crossY && !crossX) { // cross on Y only
w = wy * scale;
// add weighted component for current px
tBuffer[tIndex ] += sR * w;
tBuffer[tIndex + 1] += sG * w;
tBuffer[tIndex + 2] += sB * w;
// add weighted component for next (tY+1) px
nw = nwy * scale
tBuffer[tIndex + 3 * tw ] += sR * nw;
tBuffer[tIndex + 3 * tw + 1] += sG * nw;
tBuffer[tIndex + 3 * tw + 2] += sB * nw;
} else { // crosses both x and y : four target points involved
// add weighted component for current px
w = wx * wy;
tBuffer[tIndex ] += sR * w;
tBuffer[tIndex + 1] += sG * w;
tBuffer[tIndex + 2] += sB * w;
// for tX + 1; tY px
nw = nwx * wy;
tBuffer[tIndex + 3] += sR * nw;
tBuffer[tIndex + 4] += sG * nw;
tBuffer[tIndex + 5] += sB * nw;
// for tX ; tY + 1 px
nw = wx * nwy;
tBuffer[tIndex + 3 * tw ] += sR * nw;
tBuffer[tIndex + 3 * tw + 1] += sG * nw;
tBuffer[tIndex + 3 * tw + 2] += sB * nw;
// for tX + 1 ; tY +1 px
nw = nwx * nwy;
tBuffer[tIndex + 3 * tw + 3] += sR * nw;
tBuffer[tIndex + 3 * tw + 4] += sG * nw;
tBuffer[tIndex + 3 * tw + 5] += sB * nw;
}
} // end for sx
} // end for sy
// create result canvas
var resCV = document.createElement('canvas');
resCV.width = tw;
resCV.height = th;
var resCtx = resCV.getContext('2d');
var imgRes = resCtx.getImageData(0, 0, tw, th);
var tByteBuffer = imgRes.data;
// convert float32 array into a UInt8Clamped Array
var pxIndex = 0; //
for (sIndex = 0, tIndex = 0; pxIndex < tw * th; sIndex += 3, tIndex += 4, pxIndex++) {
tByteBuffer[tIndex] = Math.ceil(tBuffer[sIndex]);
tByteBuffer[tIndex + 1] = Math.ceil(tBuffer[sIndex + 1]);
tByteBuffer[tIndex + 2] = Math.ceil(tBuffer[sIndex + 2]);
tByteBuffer[tIndex + 3] = 255;
}
// writing result to canvas.
resCtx.putImageData(imgRes, 0, 0);
return resCV;
}</code>附加說明：
以上是儘管瀏覽器渲染優化會導致效果不佳，但如何使用 HTML5 畫布實現高品質圖像縮小？的詳細內容。更多資訊請關注PHP中文網其他相關文章！
