理解工廠、工廠方法和抽象工廠設計模式之間的差異可能具有挑戰性。為了澄清這一點,這裡解釋了每種模式及其差異:
工廠模式創建物件而不向客戶端公開實例化邏輯。它透過公共介面引用新建立的物件。本質上,它簡化了工廠方法模式。
工廠方法定義了一個用於創建物件的接口,允許子類別決定實例化哪個類別。與工廠模式類似,它使用通用介面來引用已建立的物件。
抽象工廠模式提供了一個接口,用於創建一系列相關對象,而無需指定它們的具體類明確地。當您需要建立具有一致介面的多個物件時,此模式非常有用。
Pattern | Differences | When to Use |
---|---|---|
Factory | Simplified version of Factory Method | Use when you need a fixed, object-creation mechanism without subclassing. |
Factory Method | Generic base class with specific creation logic handled by subclasses | Use when you need to vary the object type based on the subclass implementation. |
Abstract Factory | Creates related objects of the same type | Use when you need to ensure consistency in creating object families for dependency injection or strategy patterns. |
工廠:
<code class="java">public class FruitFactory { public Fruit makeFruit(String type) { switch (type) { case "Apple": return new Apple(); case "Orange": return new Orange(); default: throw new IllegalArgumentException("Invalid fruit type"); } } }</code>
工廠:
<code class="java">abstract class FruitPicker { protected abstract Fruit makeFruit(); public void pickFruit() { Fruit fruit = makeFruit(); // Perform operations using fruit... } } class ApplePicker extends FruitPicker { @Override protected Fruit makeFruit() { return new Apple(); } } class OrangePicker extends FruitPicker { @Override protected Fruit makeFruit() { return new Orange(); } }</code>
。 :
<code class="java">interface FruitPlantFactory { public Plant makePlant(); public Picker makePicker(); } class AppleFactory implements FruitPlantFactory { @Override public Apple makePlant() { return new Apple(); } @Override public ApplePicker makePicker() { return new ApplePicker(); } } class OrangeFactory implements FruitPlantFactory { @Override public Orange makePlant() { return new Orange(); } @Override public OrangePicker makePicker() { return new OrangePicker(); } }</code>
以上是工廠、工廠方法和抽象工廠設計模式之間有什麼區別,何時應該使用它們?的詳細內容。更多資訊請關注PHP中文網其他相關文章!