為什麼我在 JSON 反序列化期間收到「介面轉換：interface {} is map[string]interface {}，而不是 main.Data」錯誤？

Interface Conversion Failure during JSON Deserialization

When attempting to deserialize complex data structures from JSON, it's crucial to ensure proper handling of interfaces to avoid runtime errors. Consider the following code:

type Data struct {
    Content string
    Links   []string
}

func main() {
    anInterface := interface{}{/* JSON data here */}

    // Assertion to Data interface
    AData2 := anInterface.(Data)
}

Upon execution, the program throws an error:

panic: interface conversion: interface {} is map[string]interface {}, not main.Data

Understanding the Problem

The error stems from the attempt to assert an interface containing a map of string-interface pairs directly into a Data struct. Go expects the interface to contain a Data value, but the actual content is a map.

Solution

To resolve this issue, it's essential to understand the nature of interfaces. An interface is simply a contract that defines a set of methods a type must implement. To assert an interface to a specific type, the interface must have been previously populated with that type's value.

In this case, the following changes should be made:

1. Populate the interface with a Data value:

anInterface = Data{Content: "hello world", Links: []string{"link1", "link2", "link3"}}

2. Assert the interface to Data:

AData2 = anInterface.(Data)

This ensures that the interface contains the correct type before attempting to convert it to Data.

Alternative Approach

Another approach is to directly unmarshal the JSON data into the desired Data structure:

var AData2 Data

err := json.Unmarshal([]byte(jsonStr), &AData2)
if err != nil {
    panic(err)
}

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