Pygame 關卡/選單狀態
Pygame 是一個用於建立 2D 遊戲的熱門 Python 函式庫。它提供了各種用於處理圖形、聲音、輸入等的模組。
在本文中，我們將討論如何使用 Pygame 創建具有多個關卡和選單的遊戲。我們將從創建一個具有單一關卡的簡單遊戲開始，然後我們將對此進行擴展以創建具有多個關卡和主選單的遊戲。
要創建一個具有單一關卡的簡單遊戲，我們需要創建一個 Pygame 窗口，加載一些圖形，並創建一個遊戲循環。
這是一段程式碼顯示如何執行此操作的程式碼片段：
import pygame
# Initialize the Pygame library
pygame.init()
# Set the window size
SCREEN_WIDTH = 800
SCREEN_HEIGHT = 600
# Create the Pygame window
screen = pygame.display.set_mode((SCREEN_WIDTH, SCREEN_HEIGHT))
# Set the window title
pygame.display.set_caption("My Game")
# Load the background image
background_image = pygame.image.load("background.png").convert()
# Create the player sprite
player = pygame.sprite.Sprite()
player.image = pygame.image.load("player.png").convert()
player.rect = player.image.get_rect()
player.rect.center = (SCREEN_WIDTH / 2, SCREEN_HEIGHT / 2)
# Create the enemy sprite
enemy = pygame.sprite.Sprite()
enemy.image = pygame.image.load("enemy.png").convert()
enemy.rect = enemy.image.get_rect()
enemy.rect.center = (SCREEN_WIDTH / 2, SCREEN_HEIGHT / 2 + 100)
# Create a group to hold all the sprites
all_sprites = pygame.sprite.Group()
all_sprites.add(player)
all_sprites.add(enemy)
# Create a clock to control the game loop
clock = pygame.time.Clock()
# Run the game loop
running = True
while running:
# Process events
for event in pygame.event.get():
if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
running = False
# Update the game state
all_sprites.update()
# Draw the game画面
screen.blit(background_image, (0, 0))
all_sprites.draw(screen)
# Flip the display
pygame.display.flip()
# Cap the frame rate at 60 FPS
clock.tick(60)
# Quit the game
pygame.quit()此程式碼建立一個帶有背景圖像和兩個精靈的 Pygame 視窗：一個玩家和一個敵人。遊戲循環一直運行，直到玩家退出遊戲，並且在循環的每次迭代期間，遊戲狀態都會更新，螢幕會被繪製，並且顯示會被翻轉。
要擴展遊戲以包含多個層級和主選單，我們需要建立一個新的 Scene 類別。場景代表遊戲的特定部分，例如關卡或選單。
以下程式碼片段展示如何建立場景類別：
class Scene:
def __init__(self):
self.next = None
def update(self):
pass
def draw(self, screen):
pass
def handle_events(self, events):
pass場景類別有三個方法：update、draw 和handle_events。每個畫面呼叫update方法來更新遊戲狀態，每幀呼叫draw方法來繪製遊戲畫面，每幀呼叫handle_events方法來處理使用者輸入。
我們現在可以建立一個每個層級和主選單的新場景。下面的程式碼片段展示瞭如何執行此操作：
class Level1(Scene):
def __init__(self):
super().__init__()
# Create the player sprite
self.player = pygame.sprite.Sprite()
self.player.image = pygame.image.load("player.png").convert()
self.player.rect = self.player.image.get_rect()
self.player.rect.center = (SCREEN_WIDTH / 2, SCREEN_HEIGHT / 2)
# Create the enemy sprite
self.enemy = pygame.sprite.Sprite()
self.enemy.image = pygame.image.load("enemy.png").convert()
self.enemy.rect = self.enemy.image.get_rect()
self.enemy.rect.center = (SCREEN_WIDTH / 2, SCREEN_HEIGHT / 2 + 100)
# Create a group to hold all the sprites
self.all_sprites = pygame.sprite.Group()
self.all_sprites.add(self.player)
self.all_sprites.add(self.enemy)
def update(self):
# Update the game state
self.all_sprites.update()
def draw(self, screen):
# Draw the game画面
screen.blit(background_image, (0, 0))
self.all_sprites.draw(screen)
def handle_events(self, events):
# Handle user input
for event in events:
if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
# The user has quit the game
pygame.quit()
sys.exit()
elif event.type == pygame.KEYDOWN:
if event.key == pygame.K_LEFT:
# The user has pressed the left arrow key
self.player.rect.x -= 10
elif event.key == pygame.K_RIGHT:
# The user has pressed the right arrow key
self.player.rect.x += 10
elif event.key == pygame.K_UP:
# The user has pressed the up arrow key
self.player.rect.y -= 10
elif event.key == pygame.K_DOWN:
# The user has pressed the down arrow key
self.player.rect.y += 10
class MainMenu(Scene):
def __init__(self):
super().__init__()
# Create the title text
self.title_text = pygame.font.Font(None, 50)
self.title_text_image = self.title_text.render("My Game", True, (255, 255, 255))
self.title_text_rect = self.title_text_image.get_rect()
self.title_text_rect.center = (SCREEN_WIDTH / 2, SCREEN_HEIGHT / 2)
# Create the start button
self.start_button = pygame.draw.rect(screen, (0, 255, 0), (SCREEN_WIDTH / 2 - 50, SCREEN_HEIGHT / 2 + 100, 100, 50))
def update(self):
pass
def draw(self, screen):
# Draw the game画面
screen.blit(background_image, (0, 0))
screen.blit(self.title_text_image, self.title_text_rect)
pygame.draw.rect(screen, (0, 255, 0), self.start_button)
def handle_events(self, events):
# Handle user input
for event in events:
if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
# The user has quit the game
pygame.quit()
sys.exit()
elif event.type == pygame.MOUSEBUTTONDOWN:
# The user has clicked the start button
if self.start_button.collidepoint(event.pos):
# Set the next scene to Level1
self.next = Level1()我們現在可以建立一個新的 SceneManager 類別來管理不同的場景。 SceneManager 追蹤目前場景，並在目前場景完成時切換到下一個場景。
以下程式碼片段顯示如何建立 SceneManager 類別：
class SceneManager:
def __init__(self):
self.current_scene = MainMenu()
def run(self):
# Run the game loop
running = True
while running:
# Process events
for event in pygame.event.get():
if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
# The user has quit the game
running = False
# Update the current scene
self.current_scene.update()
# Draw the current scene
self.current_scene.draw(screen)
# Flip the display
pygame.display.flip()
# Check if the current scene is finished
if self.current_scene.next is not None:以上是如何創建具有多個關卡和主選單的 Pygame 遊戲？的詳細內容。更多資訊請關注PHP中文網其他相關文章！
