使用 Cookie 處理 PHP 表單的初學者指南-php教程-PHP中文網

Beginner

在本指南中，我們將探索使用 cookie 儲存使用者資料的 PHP 表單處理。 Cookie 是一種在使用者瀏覽器上保存少量資料的方法，可在不同會話中記住使用者偏好或資訊。

我們的專案涉及建立表單，使用者可以在其中輸入訊息，將提交的資料儲存在 cookie 中，然後查看或刪除 cookie 資料。在本教學結束時，您將了解如何在 PHP 中設定、檢索和刪除 cookie。

什麼是 Cookie？

Cookie 是儲存在使用者瀏覽器上的小檔案。它們允許網路伺服器儲存特定於使用者的資料並在後續存取時檢索它。在 PHP 中，您可以使用 setcookie() 函數來建立或更新 cookie，並使用 $_COOKIE 超全域函數來讀取它們。

項目：帶有 Cookie 處理的 PHP 表單

我們將建立一個簡單的應用程式：

允許使用者透過表單提交資訊。
將提交的資料儲存在cookie中。
顯示儲存的cookie資料。
提供刪除 cookie 的選項。

文件結構

我們的專案包含以下文件：

project-folder/
│
├── index.php           # Form page
├── submit.php          # Form handling and cookie storage
├── view_cookie.php     # Viewing cookie data
├── delete_cookie.php   # Deleting cookie data

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第 1 步：建立表單 (index.php)

index.php 檔案包含用於使用者輸入的 HTML 表單，以及用於檢視或刪除 cookie 資料的按鈕。

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
    <title>PHP Form with Cookie Handling</title>
</head>
<body>
    <h1>Submit Your Information</h1>
    <!-- Form Section for User Input -->
    <form method="get" action="submit.php">
        <label for="name">Name:</label><br>
        <input type="text">




<hr>

<h3>
  
  
  Step 2: Handling Form Submission (submit.php)
</h3>

<p>The submit.php file processes the form data, validates and sanitizes it, and then stores it in cookies.<br>
</p>

<pre class="brush:php;toolbar:false"><?php
// Initialize error messages and data variables
$error_name = "";
$error_age = "";
$error_email = "";
$error_website = "";
$name = $age = $email = $website = $gender = $comments = $hobbies = "";

// Sanitize and validate the form data
if ($_SERVER["REQUEST_METHOD"] == "GET") {
    // Sanitize inputs
    $name = htmlspecialchars(trim($_GET['name']));
    $age = htmlspecialchars(trim($_GET['age']));
    $email = htmlspecialchars(trim($_GET['email']));
    $website = htmlspecialchars(trim($_GET['website']));
    $gender = isset($_GET['gender']) ? $_GET['gender'] : '';
    $hobbies = isset($_GET['hobbies']) ? $_GET['hobbies'] : [];
    $comments = htmlspecialchars(trim($_GET['comments']));

    // Validation checks
    if (empty($name)) {
        $error_name = "Name is required.";
    }

    if (empty($age) || !filter_var($age, FILTER_VALIDATE_INT) || $age <= 0) {
        $error_age = "Valid age is required.";
    }

    if (empty($email) || !filter_var($email, FILTER_VALIDATE_EMAIL)) {
        $error_email = "Valid email is required.";
    }

    if (empty($website) || !filter_var($website, FILTER_VALIDATE_URL)) {
        $error_website = "Valid website URL is required.";
    }

    // If no errors, set cookies
    if (empty($error_name) && empty($error_age) && empty($error_email) && empty($error_website)) {
        // Set cookies for the form data
        setcookie("name", $name, time() + (86400 * 30), "/");
        setcookie("age", $age, time() + (86400 * 30), "/");
        setcookie("email", $email, time() + (86400 * 30), "/");
        setcookie("website", $website, time() + (86400 * 30), "/");
        setcookie("gender", $gender, time() + (86400 * 30), "/");
        setcookie("hobbies", implode(", ", $hobbies), time() + (86400 * 30), "/");
        setcookie("comments", $comments, time() + (86400 * 30), "/");
    }
}
?>

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
    <title>Form Submission Result</title>
</head>
<body>
    <h1>Form Submission Result</h1>

    <!-- Show Errors if any -->
    <?php
    if ($error_name) {
        echo "<p>




<hr>

<h3>
  
  
  Step 3: Viewing Cookie Data (view_cookie.php)
</h3>

<p>This file displays the cookie data stored on the user's browser.<br>
</p>

<pre class="brush:php;toolbar:false"><!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
    <title>View Cookie Data</title>
</head>
<body>
    <h1>View Stored Cookie Data</h1>

    <?php
    if (isset($_COOKIE['name'])) {
        echo "<p><strong>Name:</strong> " . $_COOKIE['name'] . "</p>";
        echo "<p><strong>Age:</strong> " . $_COOKIE['age'] . "</p>";
        echo "<p><strong>Email:</strong> " . $_COOKIE['email'] . "</p>";
        echo "<p><strong>Website:</strong> <a href='" . $_COOKIE['website'] . "' target='_blank'>" . $_COOKIE['website'] . "</a></p>";
        echo "<p><strong>Gender:</strong> " . $_COOKIE['gender'] . "</p>";
        echo "<p><strong>Hobbies:</strong> " . $_COOKIE['hobbies'] . "</p>";
        echo "<p><strong>Comments:</strong> " . $_COOKIE['comments'] . "</p>";
    } else {
        echo "<p>No cookie data found!</p>";
    }
    ?>

    <br><br>
    <a href="index.php">Go Back</a>
</body>
</html>

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步驟 4：刪除 Cookie 資料 (delete_cookie.php)

此檔案透過將 Cookie 的過期時間設定為過去來刪除 Cookie。

<?php
// Deleting cookies by setting their expiration time to past
setcookie("name", "", time() - 3600, "/");
setcookie("age", "", time() - 3600, "/");
setcookie("email", "", time() - 3600, "/");
setcookie("website", "", time() - 3600, "/");
setcookie("gender", "", time() - 3600, "/");
setcookie("hobbies", "", time() - 3600, "/");
setcookie("comments", "", time() - 3600, "/");
?>

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
    <title>Cookie Deleted</title>
</head>
<body>
    <h1>Cookies Deleted</h1>
    <p>All cookies have been deleted successfully.</p>
    <br><br>
    <a href="index.php">Go Back</a>
</body>
</html>

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