嘿，加密精靈！準備好用 Go 的加密包來看看現實世界的魔法了嗎？我們已經學習了所有這些很酷的加密咒語，現在讓我們將它們用於一些實際的魔法中！我們將創建兩個強大的神器：安全檔案加密咒語和公鑰基礎設施 (PKI) 召喚儀式。
讓我們建立一個神奇的捲軸，可以使用強大的 AES-GCM（伽羅瓦/計數器模式）魔法安全地加密和解密檔案。此咒語提供保密性和完整性保護！
package main
import (
"crypto/aes"
"crypto/cipher"
"crypto/rand"
"errors"
"fmt"
"io"
"os"
)
// Our encryption spell
func encrypt(plaintext []byte, key []byte) ([]byte, error) {
block, err := aes.NewCipher(key)
if err != nil {
return nil, err
}
gcm, err := cipher.NewGCM(block)
if err != nil {
return nil, err
}
nonce := make([]byte, gcm.NonceSize())
if _, err := io.ReadFull(rand.Reader, nonce); err != nil {
return nil, err
}
return gcm.Seal(nonce, nonce, plaintext, nil), nil
}
// Our decryption counter-spell
func decrypt(ciphertext []byte, key []byte) ([]byte, error) {
block, err := aes.NewCipher(key)
if err != nil {
return nil, err
}
gcm, err := cipher.NewGCM(block)
if err != nil {
return nil, err
}
if len(ciphertext) < gcm.NonceSize() {
return nil, errors.New("ciphertext too short")
}
nonce, ciphertext := ciphertext[:gcm.NonceSize()], ciphertext[gcm.NonceSize():]
return gcm.Open(nil, nonce, ciphertext, nil)
}
// Enchant a file with our encryption spell
func encryptFile(inputFile, outputFile string, key []byte) error {
plaintext, err := os.ReadFile(inputFile)
if err != nil {
return err
}
ciphertext, err := encrypt(plaintext, key)
if err != nil {
return err
}
return os.WriteFile(outputFile, ciphertext, 0644)
}
// Remove the encryption enchantment from a file
func decryptFile(inputFile, outputFile string, key []byte) error {
ciphertext, err := os.ReadFile(inputFile)
if err != nil {
return err
}
plaintext, err := decrypt(ciphertext, key)
if err != nil {
return err
}
return os.WriteFile(outputFile, plaintext, 0644)
}
func main() {
// Summon a magical key
key := make([]byte, 32) // AES-256
if _, err := rand.Read(key); err != nil {
panic("Our magical key summoning failed!")
}
// Cast our encryption spell
err := encryptFile("secret_scroll.txt", "encrypted_scroll.bin", key)
if err != nil {
panic("Our encryption spell fizzled!")
}
fmt.Println("Scroll successfully enchanted with secrecy!")
// Remove the encryption enchantment
err = decryptFile("encrypted_scroll.bin", "decrypted_scroll.txt", key)
if err != nil {
panic("Our decryption counter-spell backfired!")
}
fmt.Println("Scroll successfully disenchanted!")
}
這個神奇的捲軸演示了使用 AES-GCM 的安全文件加密。它包括防止魔法事故（錯誤處理）、安全調用隨機數的隨機數字以及適當的魔法密鑰管理實踐。
現在，讓我們執行一個更複雜的儀式來呼叫基本的公鑰基礎設施 (PKI) 系統。該系統可以產生神奇的證書，並用證書頒發機構（CA）對其進行簽名，並驗證這些神秘的文件。
package main
import (
"crypto/ecdsa"
"crypto/elliptic"
"crypto/rand"
"crypto/x509"
"crypto/x509/pkix"
"encoding/pem"
"fmt"
"math/big"
"os"
"time"
)
// Summon a magical key pair
func generateKey() (*ecdsa.PrivateKey, error) {
return ecdsa.GenerateKey(elliptic.P256(), rand.Reader)
}
// Create a mystical certificate
func createCertificate(template, parent *x509.Certificate, pub interface{}, priv interface{}) (*x509.Certificate, []byte, error) {
certDER, err := x509.CreateCertificate(rand.Reader, template, parent, pub, priv)
if err != nil {
return nil, nil, err
}
cert, err := x509.ParseCertificate(certDER)
if err != nil {
return nil, nil, err
}
return cert, certDER, nil
}
// Summon a Certificate Authority
func generateCA() (*x509.Certificate, *ecdsa.PrivateKey, error) {
caPrivKey, err := generateKey()
if err != nil {
return nil, nil, err
}
template := x509.Certificate{
SerialNumber: big.NewInt(1),
Subject: pkix.Name{
Organization: []string{"Wizards' Council"},
},
NotBefore: time.Now(),
NotAfter: time.Now().AddDate(10, 0, 0),
KeyUsage: x509.KeyUsageCertSign | x509.KeyUsageCRLSign,
ExtKeyUsage: []x509.ExtKeyUsage{x509.ExtKeyUsageServerAuth},
BasicConstraintsValid: true,
IsCA: true,
}
caCert, _, err := createCertificate(&template, &template, &caPrivKey.PublicKey, caPrivKey)
if err != nil {
return nil, nil, err
}
return caCert, caPrivKey, nil
}
// Generate a certificate for a magical domain
func generateCertificate(caCert *x509.Certificate, caPrivKey *ecdsa.PrivateKey, domain string) (*x509.Certificate, *ecdsa.PrivateKey, error) {
certPrivKey, err := generateKey()
if err != nil {
return nil, nil, err
}
template := x509.Certificate{
SerialNumber: big.NewInt(2),
Subject: pkix.Name{
Organization: []string{"Wizards' Guild"},
CommonName: domain,
},
NotBefore: time.Now(),
NotAfter: time.Now().AddDate(1, 0, 0),
KeyUsage: x509.KeyUsageDigitalSignature | x509.KeyUsageKeyEncipherment,
ExtKeyUsage: []x509.ExtKeyUsage{x509.ExtKeyUsageServerAuth},
DNSNames: []string{domain},
}
cert, _, err := createCertificate(&template, caCert, &certPrivKey.PublicKey, caPrivKey)
if err != nil {
return nil, nil, err
}
return cert, certPrivKey, nil
}
// Inscribe a certificate onto a magical parchment (PEM)
func saveCertificateToPEM(cert *x509.Certificate, filename string) error {
certPEM := pem.EncodeToMemory(&pem.Block{Type: "CERTIFICATE", Bytes: cert.Raw})
return os.WriteFile(filename, certPEM, 0644)
}
// Inscribe a private key onto a magical parchment (PEM)
func savePrivateKeyToPEM(privKey *ecdsa.PrivateKey, filename string) error {
privKeyBytes, err := x509.MarshalECPrivateKey(privKey)
if err != nil {
return err
}
privKeyPEM := pem.EncodeToMemory(&pem.Block{Type: "EC PRIVATE KEY", Bytes: privKeyBytes})
return os.WriteFile(filename, privKeyPEM, 0600)
}
func main() {
// Summon the Certificate Authority
caCert, caPrivKey, err := generateCA()
if err != nil {
panic("The CA summoning ritual failed!")
}
// Inscribe the CA certificate and private key
err = saveCertificateToPEM(caCert, "ca_cert.pem")
if err != nil {
panic("Failed to inscribe the CA certificate!")
}
err = savePrivateKeyToPEM(caPrivKey, "ca_key.pem")
if err != nil {
panic("Failed to inscribe the CA private key!")
}
// Generate a certificate for a magical domain
domain := "hogwarts.edu"
cert, privKey, err := generateCertificate(caCert, caPrivKey, domain)
if err != nil {
panic("The domain certificate summoning failed!")
}
// Inscribe the domain certificate and private key
err = saveCertificateToPEM(cert, "domain_cert.pem")
if err != nil {
panic("Failed to inscribe the domain certificate!")
}
err = savePrivateKeyToPEM(privKey, "domain_key.pem")
if err != nil {
panic("Failed to inscribe the domain private key!")
}
fmt.Println("The PKI summoning ritual was successful! CA and domain certificates have been manifested.")
}
這個神秘的儀式示範了一個簡單的 PKI 系統的創建，包括：
這些範例展示了 Go 加密套件的實際應用，展示了安全文件加密和基本的 PKI 系統。它們融合了我們討論過的許多最佳實踐和概念，例如正確的金鑰管理、安全隨機數產生以及現代加密演算法的使用。
請記住，年輕的巫師，在現實世界中實施這些加密系統時，請始終確保您的咒語經過其他大師巫師的徹底審查和測試。對於最關鍵的魔法組件，請盡可能考慮使用已建立的魔法書（庫）。
現在就出去負責任地施展你的加密咒語吧！願您的秘密始終保密，您的身分始終得到驗證！
以上是現實世界的加密魔法：讓 Go 的加密包發揮作用，Go Crypto 13的詳細內容。更多資訊請關注PHP中文網其他相關文章！
