精確計算Oracle資料庫中兩個時間戳記的毫秒差值
在Oracle資料庫中,計算兩個TIMESTAMP類型變數的時間差(以毫秒為單位)可以透過直接相減來實現。結果以INTERVAL DAY TO SECOND的形式呈現,包含毫秒甚至微秒,取決於作業系統平台。
Windows系統上的systimestamp通常包含毫秒,而Unix系統則包含微秒。例如:
<code class="language-sql">select systimestamp - to_timestamp( '2012-07-23', 'yyyy-mm-dd' ) from dual;</code>
要提取INTERVAL DAY TO SECOND中的各個時間單位,可以使用EXTRACT函數。例如:
<code class="language-sql">select extract( day from diff ) days, extract( hour from diff ) hours, extract( minute from diff ) minutes, extract( second from diff ) seconds from (select systimestamp - to_timestamp( '2012-07-23', 'yyyy-mm-dd' ) diff from dual);</code>
要得到總毫秒數,可以將這些時間單位轉換為毫秒並相加:
<code class="language-sql">select extract( day from diff )*24*60*60*1000 + extract( hour from diff )*60*60*1000 + extract( minute from diff )*60*1000 + round(extract( second from diff )*1000) total_milliseconds from (select systimestamp - to_timestamp( '2012-07-23', 'yyyy-mm-dd' ) diff from dual);</code>
然而,通常情況下,保持INTERVAL DAY TO SECOND表示或使用單獨的列來儲存不同的時間單位比計算總毫秒數更實用。
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