*對 SELECT 查詢中的「ORA-00918:列定義不明確」進行故障排除**
對包含同名列的多個連接表執行 SELECT *
查詢時,通常會出現錯誤「ORA-00918:列定義不明確」。 當多個資料表共用列名時,Oracle 資料庫引擎無法確定您要檢索哪一列。
說明性範例與解決方案
考慮這個 SQL 查詢:
<code class="language-sql">SELECT * FROM (SELECT DISTINCT(coaches.id), people.*, users.*, coaches.* FROM COACHES INNER JOIN people ON people.id = coaches.person_id INNER JOIN users ON coaches.person_id = users.person_id LEFT OUTER JOIN organizations_users ON organizations_users.user_id = users.id ) WHERE rownum <= 25</code>
此查詢會產生錯誤,因為多個資料表(coaches
、people
、users
)包含名為「id」的欄位。
要修正此問題,請避免使用 SELECT *
。相反,明確指定您需要的列:
方法一:直接選取欄位
此方法直接透過完全限定名稱(table.column)選擇所需的欄位:
<code class="language-sql">SELECT coaches.id, people.name, users.username, coaches.title FROM COACHES INNER JOIN people ON people.id = coaches.person_id INNER JOIN users ON coaches.person_id = users.person_id LEFT OUTER JOIN organizations_users ON organizations_users.user_id = users.id WHERE rownum <= 25</code>
方法 2:使用列別名
這種方法為具有重複名稱的欄位指派唯一的別名。 這使得所選列明確:
<code class="language-sql">SELECT coaches.id AS coach_id, people.name AS person_name, users.username AS user_username, coaches.title AS coach_title FROM COACHES INNER JOIN people ON people.id = coaches.person_id INNER JOIN users ON coaches.person_id = users.person_id LEFT OUTER JOIN organizations_users ON organizations_users.user_id = users.id WHERE rownum <= 25</code>
,以防止這種常見錯誤並提高查詢的可讀性和可維護性。 SELECT *
以上是如何解決 SELECT * 查詢中的「ORA-00918:列定義不明確」?的詳細內容。更多資訊請關注PHP中文網其他相關文章!