解決Oracle ORA-00918: 模稜兩可的列定義錯誤
在使用SELECT *
語句時遇到ORA-00918錯誤令人沮喪。此錯誤發生在結果集中出現多次同名欄位時,Oracle無法確定要檢索哪個欄位。
以下SQL語句:
<code class="language-sql">SELECT * FROM (SELECT DISTINCT(coaches.id), people.*, users.*, coaches.* FROM "COACHES" INNER JOIN people ON people.id = coaches.person_id INNER JOIN users ON coaches.person_id = users.person_id LEFT OUTER JOIN organizations_users ON organizations_users.user_id = users.id ) WHERE rownum <= 25</code>
SELECT *
子句存在問題,因為子查詢中存在多個名為ID的欄位:
COACHES.ID
PEOPLE.ID
USERS.ID
為了解決這種歧義,查詢必須明確選擇命名列。建議使用列別名,以提高清晰度,並避免將來新增或重新命名列時出現問題。例如:
<code class="language-sql">SELECT COALESCE(COACHES.ID, PEOPLE.ID, USERS.ID) AS ID, people.*, users.*, coaches.*, organizations_users.* FROM (SELECT DISTINCT(coaches.id), people.*, users.*, coaches.* FROM "COACHES" INNER JOIN people ON people.id = coaches.person_id INNER JOIN users ON coaches.person_id = users.person_id LEFT OUTER JOIN organizations_users ON organizations_users.user_id = users.id ) WHERE rownum <= 25</code>
此調整確保結果集中只有一個ID列實例,從而解決了ORA-00918錯誤並確保了資料完整性。 COALESCE
函數用來處理可能有NULL值的情況,選擇第一個非NULL的ID值。 然而,更好的解決方案是明確指定所有需要的列,避免使用*
通配符。
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