解读Python发送邮件
Python发送邮件需要smtplib和email两个模块。也正是由于我们在实际工作中可以导入这些模块，才使得处理工作中的任务变得更加的简单。今天，就来好好学习一下使用Python发送邮件吧。
SMTP是发送邮件的协议，Python内置对SMTP的支持，可以发送纯文本邮件、HTML邮件以及带附件的邮件。
Python对SMTP支持有smtplib和email两个模块，email负责构造邮件，smtplib负责发送邮件。
1.邮件正文是文本的格式
1 # -*- coding: UTF-8 -*- 2 3 from email.mime.multipart import MIMEMultipart 4 from email.mime.text import MIMEText 5 import smtplib 6 import sys 7 import csv 8 import xlrd 9 from pyExcelerator import *10 import os11 import xlwt12 from xlutils.copy import copy13 import pyExcelerator14 import datetime15 import time16 17 reload(sys)18 sys.setdefaultencoding("utf-8")19 20 mailto_list = [""] # 邮件接收方的邮件地址21 mail_host = "smtp.exmail.qq.com" # 邮件传送协议服务器22 mail_user = "" # 邮件发送方的邮箱账号23 mail_pass = "" # 邮件发送方的邮箱密码24 25 def send_mail(to_list, sub, content):26 me = "天才白痴梦"+"<"+mail_user+">"27 msg = MIMEText(content, _subtype='plain', _charset='utf-8')28 msg['Subject'] = sub # 邮件主题29 msg['From'] = me30 msg['To'] = ";".join(to_list)31 try:32 server = smtplib.SMTP()33 server.connect(mail_host)34 server.login(mail_user, mail_pass)35 server.sendmail(me, to_list, msg.as_string())36 server.close()37 return True38 except Exception, e:39 print str(e)40 return False41 42 if __name__ == '__main__':43 sub = "天才白痴梦"44 content = '...'45 if send_mail(mailto_list, sub, content):46 print "发送成功"47 else:48 print "发送失败"2.邮件正文是表格的格式：由于是表格，所以我们选择HTML来实现表格的功能，邮件上面显示的就是HTML实现的内容了。
1 # -*- coding: UTF-8 -*- 2 3 from email.mime.multipart import MIMEMultipart 4 from email.mime.text import MIMEText 5 import smtplib 6 import sys 7 import csv 8 import xlrd 9 from pyExcelerator import *10 import os11 import xlwt12 from xlutils.copy import copy13 import pyExcelerator14 import datetime15 import time16 17 reload(sys)18 sys.setdefaultencoding("utf-8")19 20 mailto_list = [""] # 邮件接收方的邮件地址21 mail_host = "smtp.exmail.qq.com" # 邮件传送协议服务器22 mail_user = "" # 邮件发送方的邮箱账号23 mail_pass = "" # 邮件发送方的邮箱密码24 25 def send_mail(to_list, sub, content):26 me = "天才白痴梦"+"<"+mail_user+">"27 # 和上面的代码不同的就是，这里我们选择的是html 的格式28 msg = MIMEText(content, _subtype='html', _charset='utf-8')29 msg['Subject'] = sub # 邮件主题30 msg['From'] = me31 msg['To'] = ";".join(to_list)32 try:33 server = smtplib.SMTP()34 server.connect(mail_host)35 server.login(mail_user, mail_pass)36 server.sendmail(me, to_list, msg.as_string())37 server.close()38 return True39 except Exception, e:40 print str(e)41 return False42 43 if __name__ == '__main__':44 sub = "天才白痴梦"45 html = '<html></html>'46 if send_mail(mailto_list, sub, html):47 print "发送成功"48 else:49 print "发送失败"3.邮件正文是图片的格式：要把图片嵌入到邮件正文中，我们只需按照发送附件的方式，先把邮件作为附件添加进去，然后，在HTML中通过引用src="cid:0"就可以把附件作为图片嵌入了。如果有多个图片，给它们依次编号，然后引用不同的cid:x即可。
1 def send_mail(to_list, sub, content): 2 me = "天才白痴梦"+"<"+mail_user+">" 3 4 msg = MIMEMultipart() 5 msg['Subject'] = sub # 邮件主题 6 msg['From'] = me 7 msg['To'] = ";".join(to_list) 8 9 txt = MIMEText("天才白痴梦", _subtype='plain', _charset='utf8')10 msg.attach(txt)11 12 # <b>：黑体 <i>：斜体13 msgText = MIMEText('<b>Some <i>HTML</i> text</b> and an image.<img alt="" src="cid:image1" />good!', 'html', 'utf-8')14 msg.attach(msgText)15 16 file1 = "F:\\1.jpg"17 image = MIMEImage(open(file1, 'rb').read())18 image.add_header('Content-ID', '<image1>')19 msg.attach(image)20 21 try:22 server = smtplib.SMTP()23 server.connect(mail_host)24 server.login(mail_user, mail_pass)25 server.sendmail(me, to_list, msg.as_string())26 server.close()27 return True28 except Exception, e:29 print str(e)30 return False31 32 if __name__ == '__main__':33 sub = "天才白痴梦"34 html = '<html></html>'35 if send_mail(mailto_list, sub, html):36 print "发送成功"37 else:38 print "发送失败" 1 def send_mail(to_list, sub, content): 2 me = "天才白痴梦"+"<"+mail_user+">" 3 4 msg = MIMEMultipart() 5 msg['Subject'] = sub # 邮件主题 6 msg['From'] = me 7 msg['To'] = ";".join(to_list) 8 9 txt = MIMEText("天才白痴梦", _subtype='plain', _charset='utf8')10 msg.attach(txt)11 12 # # <b>：黑体 <i>：斜体13 # msgText = MIMEText('<b>Some <i>HTML</i> text</b> and an image.<img alt="" src="cid:image1" />good!', 'html', 'utf-8')14 # msg.attach(msgText)15 #16 # file1 = "F:\\1.jpg"17 # image = MIMEImage(open(file1, 'rb').read())18 # image.add_header('Content-ID', '<image1>')19 # msg.attach(image)20 21 att = MIMEText(open('F:\\1.jpg', 'rb').read(), 'base64', 'utf-8')22 att["Content-Type"] = 'application/octet-stream'23 att["Content-Disposition"] = 'attachment; filename="1.jpg"'24 msg.attach(att)25 26 try:27 server = smtplib.SMTP()28 server.connect(mail_host)29 server.login(mail_user, mail_pass)30 server.sendmail(me, to_list, msg.as_string())31 server.close()32 return True33 except Exception, e:34 print str(e)35 return False1 mailto_list = [""] # 邮件接收方的邮件地址
上面这一行代码是邮件接收方的邮件地址，如果我们需要给多人发送邮件的话，就只需要把对方的邮件帐号绑在这一个列表里就ok了。
加密SMTP
使用标准的25端口连接SMTP服务器时，使用的是明文传输，发送邮件的整个过程可能会被窃听。要更安全地发送邮件，可以加密SMTP会话，实际上就是先创建SSL安全连接，然后再使用SMTP协议发送邮件。
方法：只需要在创建SMTP对象后，立刻调用starttls()方法，就创建了安全连接。
1 smtp_server = 'smtp.qq.com'2 smtp_port = 25 # 默认端口号为253 server = smtplib.SMTP(smtp_server, smtp_port)4 server.starttls()5 # 剩下的代码和前面的一模一样:6 server.set_debuglevel(1) # 打印出和SMTP服务器交互的所有信息
